与Angew. Chem.作者的一次交流

在新看到的Early View版的Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.上看到一篇Highlights文章,有感,就给作者发了个email。以下是我email的内容和他的回复。

Prof. Craig,

I have read your recently published Highlight article on ionic network materials. The paper from which you started your discussion (JACS 130:9648) described two networks that, in the view point of polymer gels, both have an average molecular weight between crosslinks of only ~1500. The materials in the works by D. W. Armstrong et al have lower values of chain lengths. That’s why it is so interesting that the material can show “polymer-like” behavior in the apparently solid state, without sufficient “configuration number” available molecularly. The dramatic effect of changing the anion from flexible EDTA4- to rigid H2tp4- on the moduli is also interesting. You have proposed a series questions in the end of your Highlight article, among which I think the most straightforward is how “polymer-like” this class of materials are, and where the “polymer-like” behaviors come from. Even in the classic field of polymer physics, the current molecular theories still cannot provide prudent and confident comfirmation of the origins and dynamics of the bulk properties, though rheology has pratically established various generally accepted criteria for describing and understanding chain dynamics and networks. More rheological study on ionic liquid materials may possibly set them inside the framework of and provide new tests on currently gelation and gel theories, with their structural uniqueness and accuracy compared with the high molecular weight polymer counterparts.

Cheers,

Andrew Sun


Thanks, Andrew.  I completely agree.  Although the authors of the original paper discuss their results in the context of supramolecular polymer networks, it is not clear that this will prove to be the most appropriate framework for discussing their properties, but the empirical results are potentially useful and interesting on their own.  Frankly, of it all the fact that the solid-like porphyrin-based materials are reported to have some elasticity is the observation I would have been least likely to expect, although the authors provide fairly limited characterization of those materials.

I like very much your statement that “current molecular theories cannot provide…confident confirmation of the origins and dynamics of the bulk properties”, and I actually think that there are wonderful opportunities created by these supramolecular approaches to polymer science, because they offer the opportunity for very specific control of very specific macromolecular dynamics and therefore to test some theories of polymer physics. While these ionic systems are interesting, however, it is not clear to me that they are easily suited to such a pursuit. My sense is that the multi-body interactions inherent in densely coulombic systems create quite a complex situation that is not easily deconvolved.

Best,

SC

情人节郁闷的话,来点软科学

推荐NewScientist.com的情人节专题:Valentine’s Day Special: The right chemistry

觉得很有效。其实,情人节的感觉也就一天。过了那一天就没有了。而且情人节郁闷并不完全 是因为单身。如果心里什么人都没有,情人节就当一般的日子一样。要恰好心里记着谁,又不是一对,那才会郁闷,而且也就郁闷一天而已。打发掉一天的方法还是 不少的,不过不是都能打发掉郁闷。就是要看点和情人节有关的,但又和情人没关的,而且有点意思,有点深度,能够抓住你脑子的东西,还要足够多,不要一下子 就看完了,陷入更加郁闷的无聊中去。NewScientists情人节专题里的文章就足够看了。

音乐病

1974年,一位年轻女医生以她丈夫的名字在《英国医学杂志》发表了一条短讯,报道了一种称作“大提琴阴囊”(cello scrotum)的症状——由于长期演奏大提琴而导致阴囊发炎。30多年后,她在向该杂志发了致歉信,说所谓“大提琴阴囊”完全是一个杜撰出来的玩笑。之所以要开这种玩笑,完全是因为她在该杂志上看到另一条关于“吉他乳头”的类似报道,觉得好玩,于是仿效之。而这个“吉他乳头 ”(guitar nipple)也是一个杜撰出来的东西。有趣的是,这两条报道都在发表在2008年的一篇关于音乐家的职业病的专题里被当作事实而引用。

从某种角度上说,这个迟来的致歉信也洗清了大提琴手和吉他手的冤屈,因为看过这两篇报道的人,很可能在长达三十多年的时间里都会相信,大提琴手和吉他手身上有着这种不太光彩的“暗病”。不过,因长期演奏乐器而在身上留烙印的事情还是存在的。电影《和你在一起》中,有这么一段剧情,刘成拉着小春儿到余教授家里,想请他做小春的小提琴老师。小春儿不乐意,说自己不懂拉琴。但是余教授摸了摸小春儿的脖子,就断定这孩子一定懂拉琴了,因为长期夹琴磨擦会在脖子上留下一道特殊的伤痕。所以,在纪录片《从毛泽东到莫扎特》中,著名小提琴家斯特恩给大家介绍了一招,就是在脖子下面垫一块海绵。事实上很多小提琴家都使用类似的垫子。

由于乐器的乐器的学习和训练涉及到长期、重复的肌肉活动,因此除了表面的磨伤以外,更多的是肌肉的拉伤,有些损伤甚至是永久的。有个别演奏家,由于早年训练不当所遗留下来的损伤甚至会陪伴一生,大大限制了个人音乐事业的发展。青年钢琴家李云迪就曾因手伤的缘故不得不临时改变演出曲目。至于一些自学的业余爱好者,不正确的姿势就更加千奇百怪了。由于苦练吉他而导致什么“吉他乳头”的事情大概也不是完全没有的吧。

此文作为专栏刊登在2009年3月的《新知客》上。