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\u611f\u8c22@\u9673\u6d69\u00a0\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002 \u56de\u7b54\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u662f\u7684\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7269\u8d28\u90fd\u6709\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u79cd\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u6211\u4eec\u89c9\u5bdf\u4e0d\u5230\u3002 \u8fd9\u672c\u6765\u662f\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7eea\u8bba\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6211\u6070\u597d\u6700\u8fd1\u8bd5\u8bb2\u505a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bfe\u7684PPT\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u56fe\u7247\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u4e0a\u6765\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u6ca5\u9752\u5b9e\u9a8c \u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u6ca5\u9752\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff08The Pitch Experiment\uff09\u7f51\u4e0a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u6bb5\u4ecb\u7ecd\u592a\u6545\u4e8b\u6027\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u8865\u5145\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e73\u5b9e\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u3002 1984\u5e74 T. Parnell\u5728Eur. J. Phys.\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u5c31\u662fThe pitch drop experiment\u3002 Eur. J. Phys.\u00a0(1984) 198-200.\u00a0doi:10.1088\/0143-0807\/5\/4\/003 \u622a\u6b62\u5230\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u6536\u83b7\u4e866\u6ef4\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6ef4\u662f\u57281979\u5e74\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u516d\u6ef4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6ca5\u9752\u5728\u7ba1\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u7b26\u5408\u6cca\u8083\u53f6\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f30\u7b97\u6ca5\u9752\u7684\u7c98\u5ea6\u572810^6\u523010^8 Pa s\u8303\u56f4\u3002 Wikipedia\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\uff1aPitch drop experiment \u8bcd\u6761\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u4e5f\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u3002 \u4e0a\u4e00\u6ef4\u57282000\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u539f\u56e0\u6ca1\u5f55\u4e0b\u5b9e\u51b5\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u6ef4\u9884\u8ba1\u5728\u4eca\u5e74\u4e0b\u843d\u3002\u5b9e\u51b5\u76f4\u64ad\u89c6\u9891\u5730\u5740\uff1a The Pitch Drop Experiment \u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u7559\u610f\uff0c\u8bf4\u4e0d\u5b9a\u80fd\u4eb2\u773c\u770b\u5230\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u4e0e\u5f62\u53d8 \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f@\u9673\u6d69\u7b54\u6848\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8eDeborah\u6570\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5f62\u53d8\u548c\u6d41\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u5230\u5e95\u201c\u50cf\u56fa\u4f53\u201d\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u50cf\u6d41\u4f53\u201d\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u65f6\u95f4\u8db3\u591f\u957f\uff0c\u5ca9\u77f3\u4e5f\u662f\u6d41\u4f53\uff0c\u8bc1\u636e\u5c31\u662f\u5730\u8d28\u5b66\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u5ca9\u5c42\u8936\u76b1\u3002 \u6a61\u76ae\u6ce5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5916\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a \u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u53eb\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\uff08viscoelasticity\uff09\uff0c\u6982\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u7269\u8d28\u80fd\u5426\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u8981\u770b\u5916\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6709\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u4f5c\u7528\u4e00\u4f1a\u513f\u5c31\u6d41\u52a8\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u7269\u8d28\u81ea\u5df1\u7279\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709Deborah\u6570\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u7fa4\u5c71\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9762\u524d\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6ca1\u6709\u5bff\u547d\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u77ed\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u4ed6\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u662f\u4e07\u7269\u7686\u6d41\uff08panta rhei\uff09\u3002 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\u8fd9\u5c31\u9020\u6210\uff0c\u533a\u5206\u6d41\u4f53\u8fd8\u662f\u975e\u6d41\u4f53\uff0c\u4e0d\u8c08\u5916\u529b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8bdd\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002 \u6211\u63a8\u8350\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c6\u9891\uff1a http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Ol6bBB3zuGc \u987a\u4fbf\u95ee\u95ee\u5982\u4f55\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u9891\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u5e55\uff1f\u6211\u60f3\u542c\u8bd1\u8be5\u89c6\u9891\u540e\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u5e55\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u4e0a\u8bfe\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7ed9\u5b66\u751f\u770b\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u73bb\u7483\u6001 \u5f88\u4e0d\u5e78\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u53c8\u626f\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u73bb\u7483\u201d\u3002\u6211\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7b97\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u5757\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5f88\u5bb3\u6015\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002 @\u9673\u6d69\u00a0\u6559\u5802\u73bb\u7483\u662f\u8c23\u8a00\u3002\u201c\u975e\u6676\u201d\u592a\u5e7f\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u5851\u6027\u5f62\u53d8\u8ddf\u6676\u4f53\u7684\u4f4d\u9519\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u6d41\u4e0d\u6d41\u52a8\u8ddf\u7269\u6001\u662f\u4e24\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u73bb\u7483\u6001\u4e5f\u6709\u70ed\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f46\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6162\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u5b83\u60f3\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u201c\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u201d\u5230\u4f4e\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u73bb\u7483\u6001\u5206\u5b50\u70ed\u8fd0\u52a8\u9700\u8981\u7275\u626f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u534f\u540c\u8fd0\u52a8\uff08\u6240\u4ee5\u624d\u6162\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u5916\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534f\u5185\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5f62\uff0c\u70ed\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f1a\u52a0\u5feb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u6539\u5584\u3002\u73bb\u7483\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u5c48\u670d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5c48\u670d\u73b0\u8c61\uff08delayed 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\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\u95ee\u4f53\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u73bb\u7483\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u5207\u6027\u8d28\u90fd\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684Tg\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\\phi_{max}\u548c\u5c48\u670d\u5e94\u529b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u660e\u786e\u7684Jamming\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u96f6\u6e29\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728Jamming\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u667a\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u73bb\u7483\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5565\u90fd\u522b\u53bb\u754c\u5b9a\u2014\u2014\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u3002\u2026","rel":"","context":"In 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paper\uff0c\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff1f\u53ea\u6709\u4f60\u505a\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f60\u597d\u597d\u505a\uff0c\u505a\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u6709positive reward\u6765\u4e86\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u4e86\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u4e4b\u524d\u90a3\u6837\u8981\u6709Nature paper\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u505a\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u6ca1\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u591a\u5927\u7684\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u505a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u624d\u771f\u7684\u6709\uff08\u5174\u8da3\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u4f60\u5bf9\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6211\u60f3\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u4f60build up\u79d1\u5b66\u8981\u65e9\uff0c\u8d8a\u65e9\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u83b7\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3apositive reward\uff0c\u4f60\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aproject\u505a\u987a\u4e86\uff0c\u505a\u6210\u529f\u4e86\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u6765\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u51fa\u4e00\u7bc7paper\uff0c\u4f60\u7684contribution\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u662f\u8ddf\u7740\u5e08\u5144\u4e00\u8d77\u505a\uff0c\u505a\u6210\u529f\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u662fpositive 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Scientist in 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