{"id":9231,"date":"2025-07-05T12:33:44","date_gmt":"2025-07-05T04:33:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/?p=9231"},"modified":"2025-07-05T12:53:19","modified_gmt":"2025-07-05T04:53:19","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e6%b0%b4%e4%ba%a7%e5%ad%a6%e7%a7%91%e8%b5%b0%e5%87%ba%e7%9a%84%e9%ab%98%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e6%95%99%e6%8e%88-%e5%9b%9e%e5%bf%86%e6%88%91%e7%9a%84%e5%af%bc%e5%b8%88%e8%97%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/9231","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u6c34\u4ea7\u5b66\u79d1\u8d70\u51fa\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6559\u6388\u2014\u2014\u56de\u5fc6\u6211\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u5148\u751f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\n

\u6ce8\uff1a\u539f\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u6c5f\u660e\u9662\u58eb\u521b\u529e\u7684\u300a\u65e6\u82d1\u6668\u949f\u300b\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u3002\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u6211\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u53ea\u628a\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8f6c\u8f7d\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165\u7ae5\u771f\u6587\u96c6<\/a>\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ece\u6c34\u4ea7\u5b66\u79d1\u8d70\u51fa\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6559\u6388<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u56de\u5fc6\u6211\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u5148\u751f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

\u7ae5 \u771f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4e0e\u6c5f\u660e\u5148\u751f\u76f8\u8bc6\u4e8e1988\u5e748\u6708IUPAC\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4eac\u90fd\u4e3e\u529e\u7684Macro 88\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u4ed6\u5c31\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u56de\u56fd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u56de\u56fd\u540e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u76f4\u5f97\u5230\u6c5f\u5148\u751f\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u6559\u8bf2\u3002\u6c5f\u5148\u751f\u9000\u4f11\u540e\u4e3b\u529e\u4e86\u201c\u65e6\u82d1\u6668\u949f\u201d\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u5fe0\u5b9e\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u3002\u6c5f\u5148\u751f\u591a\u6b21\u5411\u6211\u7ea6\u7a3f\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7ecf\u5386\u5e73\u5e73\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u5c31\u56de\u5fc6\u6211\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u5bfc\u5e08\u5427\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e9b\u53e6\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001\u81ea\u5b66\u6210\u6750\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u77e5\u540d\u6559\u6388<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u6559\u6388\uff08Hiroshi Fujita\uff0c1922\u5e744\u670810\u65e5\u20142007\u5e743\u670828\u65e5\uff0c\u56fe1\uff09\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u754c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u51fa\u8eab\u4e8e\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u65e9\u57281986\u5e74\u5c31\u9000\u4f11\u4e0d\u518d\u53c2\u52a0\u5b66\u672f\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e86\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u8d39\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u6765\u8fc7\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e0e\u6211\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u4ea4\u96c6\u5f88\u5c11\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u662f1942\u5e744\u6708\u8003\u5165\u65e5\u672c\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\uff09\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5904\u4e8e\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u5236\u4ece\u539f\u6765\u76843\u5e74\u7f29\u77ed\u52302\u5e74\u534a\uff0c\u6700\u540e1\u5e74\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8bb2\u5ea7\u201d\uff09\u5728\u6559\u6388\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u53c2\u52a0\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u79d1\u7814\u3002\u4ed6\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\uff0c1944\u5e749\u6708\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5b66\u5e74\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u57283\u6708\u5e95\u7ed3\u675f\uff09\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u672c\u79d1\u6bd5\u4e1a\u83b7\u5f97\u7406\u5b66\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u50a8\u5907\u5e74\u8f7b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u6218\u65f6\u201c\u7279\u522b\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u201d\uff0c\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u548c\u4eab\u6709\u514d\u4e8e\u88ab\u5f81\u5175\u7684\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u5148\u751f\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u7279\u522b\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5f97\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ece\u4e8b\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7a7a\u6c14\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u65e5\u672c\u590d\u5174\u822a\u7a7a\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c1946\u5e74\u6218\u8d25\u540e\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u4e8b\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u534a\u5e74\u5e2e\u52a9\u7236\u4eb2\u52a1\u519c\u540e\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u5148\u751f\u5230\u79c1\u7acb\u7acb\u547d\u9986\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u517c\u4efb\u8bb2\u5e08\u30021948\u5e74\u8d77\u4efb\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u519c\u5b66\u90e8\u6c34\u4ea7\u5b66\u79d1\u52a9\u624b\u3001\u526f\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u65e0\u4eba\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u9c7c\u5e72\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4ece\u9c7c\u7684\u5e72\u71e5\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6269\u6563\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u30021953\u5e74\u85e4\u7530\u5148\u751f\u4ee5\u5173\u4e8e\u6269\u6563\u548c\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u83b7\u5f97\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u7406\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08\u4ed6\u575a\u6301\u7528Dr. Sci.\u800c\u4e0d\u662fPh.D.\uff09\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6ca1\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9662\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u51ed\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6765\u7533\u8bf7\u3002\u8bf4\u4ed6\u81ea\u5b66\u6210\u6750\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5411\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u7533\u8bf7\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6c34\u4ea7\u5b66\u79d1\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u79f0\u8fd9\u7c7b\u535a\u58eb\u4e3a\u201c\u8bba\u6587\u535a\u58eb\u201d\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u624d\u5efa\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9662\uff08\u65e5\u8bed\u79f0\u201c\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5e74\u6570\uff0c\u64b0\u5199\u8bba\u6587\u7533\u8bf7\u7855\u58eb\u6216\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u535a\u58eb\u201d\u3002\u4ece1954\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u5148\u751f\u591a\u6b21\u8d74\u8377\u5170\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u6e38\u5b66\u3001\u4efb\u6559\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u8d85\u901f\u79bb\u5fc3\u5206\u6790\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u6c42\u89e3\u6269\u6563\u65b9\u7a0b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7279\u957f\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u548c\u6c89\u964d\u7cfb\u6570\u5177\u6709\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u65f6\u5bf9\u6eb6\u8d28\u6c89\u964d\u8fb9\u754c\u533a\u57df\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e24\u672c\u8d85\u901f\u79bb\u5fc3\u5206\u6790\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\uff1a\u201cMathematical Theory of Sedimentation Analysis\u201d <\/em>Academic Press 1962\u548c\u201cFoundations of Ultracentrifugal Analysis<\/em>\u201dWiley-Interscience 1975\u3002\uff08H. Fujita, \u201cThe initial step in my science career<\/em>\u201d, Comprehensive Biochemistry<\/em>, 2000, 41, 275\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86Fujita–Doolittle equation\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1961\u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fdWisconsin\u5927\u5b66\u5f15\u8fdb\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u58eb\u5230\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u79d1\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6eb6\u6db2\u7406\u8bba\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7684\u6559\u6388\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u662f\u8bb2\u5ea7\u5236\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bb2\u5ea7\u90fd\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7f16\u5236\u662f1\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u30011\u4f4d\u526f\u6559\u6388\u30012\u4f4d\u52a9\u624b\u3002\u8bb2\u5ea7\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5751\u4e00\u4e2a\u841d\u535c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u79d1\u6709\u4e24\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u90fd\u5c062~3\u4e2a\u8bb2\u5ea7\u5408\u5e76\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5927\u8bb2\u5ea7\u201d\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u526f\u6559\u6388\u7684\u7f16\u5236\u6570\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u52a9\u624b\u7684\u7f16\u5236\u6570\u3002\u6559\u6388\u9000\u4f11\u540e\u8be5\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u65b9\u5411\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u90a3\u6837\u526f\u6559\u6388\u3001\u52a9\u624b\u90fd\u8981\u53e6\u5bfb\u51fa\u8def\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5411\u56fd\u5916\u4ecb\u7ecd\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u529b\u63a8\u5c06\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u62a5\u300b\u6539\u4e3a\u82f1\u8bed\u7684Polymer Journal<\/em>\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u9f84\u4eba\u4e2d\u4ed6\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u6700\u597d\uff0c\u4eb2\u4efb\u4e3b\u7f16\u76f4\u5230\u4ed6\u9000\u4f11\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74\u4ed6\u8981\u5ba1\u7a3f\u7ea680\u7bc7\u6587\u7a3f\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u7535\u8111\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5168\u9760\u6253\u5b57\u673a\u3001\u90ae\u5bc4\u4fe1\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u5348\u996d\u540e\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ece\u4e00\u697c\u6536\u53d1\u5ba4\u62ff\u56de\u4e0d\u5c11\u7a3f\u4ef6\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u8981\u52a1\u662fpolish\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u8981\u8ba9native speaker\u80fd\u8bfb\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u5012\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4eca\u65e5\u201c\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u70e6\u607c\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u62c5\u4efb\u8fc7J.<\/em>Polym. Sci<\/em>.<\/em>\u548cAdv. Polym. Sci.<\/em>\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u5173\u897f\u5730\u533a\u7684\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u662f3\u6708\u5e95\u6ee163\u5c81\u5c31\u8981\u9000\u4f11\uff08\u73b0\u5728\u6539\u4e3a65\u5c81\u4e86\uff09\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u63881986\u5e744\u6708\u4ece\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u9000\u4f11\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9000\u4f11\u4ee5\u540e\u4ed6\u7684\u613f\u671b\u662f\u53d1\u8868\u4ee5\u5bb6\u5ead\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u901a\u8baf\u5730\u5740\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\uff0c1988\u5e74\u548c1993\u5e74\u5728Macromolecules<\/em>\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e24\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff08Macromolecules<\/em> 1988, 21,179; Macromolecules<\/em> 1993, 26, 643\uff0c\u56fe2\uff09\uff0c2000\u5e74\u8fd8\u5728J. Phys. Chem.<\/em>\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u6269\u6563\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff08J. Phys. Chem. A<\/em> 2000, 104, 10053\uff09\uff1b1990\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e13\u8457\u201cPolymer Solutions\u201d(Elsevier)\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e13\u8457\u4e2d\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u201cNotes on the Derivation of Sedimentation Equilibrium Equations<\/em>\u201d\uff08Modern Analytical Ultracentrifugation\uff0cBirkh\u00e4user\uff0c1994\uff09\u3002\u6211\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u89c1\u5230\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u662f2002\u5e7412\u670814\u65e5\u5728\u4ed6\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff08\u56fe3\uff09\uff0c80\u591a\u5c81\u7684\u4ed6\u56e0\u4e3a\u8eab\u4f53\u5f31\u4e86\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u89c1\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u786c\u95ef\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\uff0c\u89c1\u5230\u4e86\u5bfc\u5e08\u548c\u5e08\u6bcd\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b79\u63aa\u8f6e\u6905\u4e0a\u4e8c\u697c\u7684\u5761\u9053\u7684\u6539\u9020\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u628a\u8001\u623f\u5b50\u5356\u4e86\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u663e\u5f97\u62e5\u6324\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u70ed\u60c5\u4e0d\u51cf\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7f51\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3001\u5373\u65f6\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u56fe1. \u85e4\u7530\u535a\u6559\u6388\uff08\u6444\u4e8e1986\u5e743\u6708\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u56fe2. \u85e4\u7530\u535a\u6559\u6388\u4ee5\u5bb6\u5ead\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u901a\u8baf\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u56fe3. \u4f5c\u8005\u4e0e\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\uff082002\u5e7412\u670814\u65e5\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u4e25\u683c\u53c8\u4f53\u8d34\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u662f77\u7ea7\u5927\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u662f\u5341\u5e74\u52a8\u4e71\u540e\u6062\u590d\u9ad8\u8003\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\uff0c\u5728\u5c0f\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u5173\u6000\u4e0b1978\u5e743\u6708\u5c31\u5165\u5b66\u4e86\uff08\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4e00\u5c4a\u51ac\u5b63\u9ad8\u8003\u3001\u6625\u5b63\u5165\u5b66\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u751f\uff09\u3002\u62111982\u5e741\u6708\u672c\u79d1\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u534e\u5357\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\uff08\u73b0\u534e\u5357\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u9662\u6821\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5e7f\u5dde\uff09\u5316\u5b66\u7ea4\u7ef4\u4e13\u4e1a\u3002\u5728\u62a5\u8003\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7684\u8868\u4e0a\u9009\u4e86\u201c\u51fa\u56fd\ud83d\uddf9\u201d\u8fd9\u9879\uff0c1981\u5e7412\u6708\u63a5\u5230\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u901a\u77e5\u6d3e\u6211\u53bb\u65e5\u672c\u7559\u5b66\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u540c\u5b66\u88ab\u6d3e\u53bb\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u897f\u5fb7\u7b49\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u662f\u6839\u636e\u4ec0\u4e48\u6765\u5206\u914d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u6211\u8fde\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u8bed\u5047\u540d\u90fd\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u5b66\u4e60\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5916\u8bed\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8981\u5148\u88ab\u6d3e\u5f80\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5916\u8bed\u5b66\u9662\u57f9\u8bad\u5916\u8bed\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u5728\u957f\u6625\u4e1c\u5317\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u9662\u6821\u5185\u529e\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d74\u65e5\u672c\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u9884\u5907\u5b66\u6821\uff08\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u5927\u8fde\uff09\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u76843\u7ea7\u8d74\u65e5\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u90fd\u662f\u53bb\u65e5\u672c\u8bfb\u672c\u79d1\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u65e5\u8bed\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u9996\u5c4a\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3e\u9063\u8d74\u65e5\u7814\u7a76\u751f\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u65e5\u8bed\u7ea66\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u524d3\u4e2a\u6708\u7531\u65e5\u672c\u4e1c\u4eac\u5916\u8bed\u5927\u5b66\u6d3e\u8001\u5e08\u6765\u6559\u57fa\u7840\u65e5\u8bed\uff0c\u540e3\u4e2a\u6708\u7531\u4e1c\u4eac\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66\u6d3e\u6559\u6388\u6765\u6559\u4e13\u4e1a\u65e5\u8bed\u3002\u6700\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u65e5\u53cc\u65b9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u6d3e\u5f80\u65e5\u672c\u7559\u5b66\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u56fd\u95e8\u521a\u521a\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u5bf980\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u8fde\u65b9\u4fbf\u9762\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u89c1\u8fc7\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u7684\u672c\u79d1\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u9879\u76ee\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u5bf9\u672c\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u662f\u76ae\u6bdb\uff0c\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u9009\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u5bfc\u5e08\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u5bfc\u5e08\u3002\u6211\u662f\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\uff0c\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u6388\u4e88\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\uff08\u6709\u4e9b\u540c\u5b66\u53bb\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u65e0\u6743\u6388\u4e88\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u540e\u8981\u8f6c\u5b66\u624d\u80fd\u62ff\u5230\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff09\u53c8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff1b\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\uff0c\u5de5\u5b66\u5b66\u58eb\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u7406\u5b66\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1982\u5e7410\u67086\u65e5\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5750\u98de\u673a\u5c31\u662f\u51fa\u56fd\u98de\u5f80\u5927\u962a\uff0c10\u67087\u65e5\u5c31\u53bb\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u7406\u5b66\u90e8\u89c1\u5bfc\u5e08\uff0c\u8c08\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9662\uff08\u5927\u5b66\u9662\uff09\u7684\u5165\u5b66\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u5f53\u573a\u7ed9\u6211\u4e2a\u4e0b\u9a6c\u5a01\uff0c\u8bf4\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6587\u9769\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u53c8\u6ca1\u8bfb\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e66\uff0c\u8981\u5148\u8ddf\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u4e0a\u4e00\u5e74\u534a\u7684\u8bfe\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u8003\u8bd5\u65b9\u80fd\u5165\u5b66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u628a\u6211\u6572\u61f5\u4e86\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3e\u9063\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u96c6\u8bad\u65f6\u5c31\u88ab\u660e\u786e\u544a\u77e5\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ea\u7ed9\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u94b1\uff0c\u7559\u7ea7\u3001\u5ef6\u671f\u7b49\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u56de\u56fd\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u771f\u6709\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3e\u9063\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u6ca1\u80fd\u5165\u5b66\u7684\uff09\u3002\u6211\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u7531\u8ddf\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u6539\u6210\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u660e\u5e744\u6708\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u662f4\u6708\u4efd\u5165\u5b66\uff09\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5165\u5b66\u3002\u8003\u8bd5\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5316\u5b66\u7efc\u5408\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u65e0\u673a\u3001\u6709\u673a\u3001\u7269\u5316\u3001\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5404\u51fa\u4e00\u4e24\u9898\u3002\u6559\u6388\u4eec\u8fd8\u8868\u793a\u53cb\u597d\uff0c\u8bf4\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u6211\u65e5\u8bed\u56f0\u96be\u800c\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u51fa\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u771f\u662f\u4ee4\u6211\u557c\u7b11\u7686\u975e\u7684\u4f18\u9047\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u54ea\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74\u56e0\u4e3a\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u5370\u5237\u51fa\u7248\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\uff08\u4e70\u300a\u6570\u5b66\u624b\u518c\u300b\u90fd\u8981\u6392\u961f\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec77\u7ea7\u7528\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u5f88\u591a\u662f\u6cb9\u5370\u7684\uff1b\u82f1\u8bed\u662f\u4eceLong live Chairman Mao\u5b66\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u9898\u662f\u4ece\u672a\u89c1\u8fc7\u3002\u8bf4\u6765\u5982\u6709\u795e\u52a9\uff0c10\u6708\u5e95\u7684\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u201c\u8003\u7684\u5168\u4f1a\u3001\u8499\u7684\u5168\u5bf9\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u5165\u5b66\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\uff08\u56fe4\u3001\u56fe5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u56fe4. 1982\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u521d\u8fdb\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6392\u5de6\u8d77\u4f0a\u85e4\u9686\u53f8\uff08\u5b66\u751f\uff09\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u3001\u5bfa\u672c\u660e\u592b\u526f\u6559\u6388<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u56fe5. 1983\u5e74\u56fd\u5e86\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0e\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u5927\u962a\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5165\u5b66\u540e\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u662f\u8bfbH. Yamakawa\u7684\u201cModern Theory of Polymer Solutions\u201d\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9047\u5230\u7684\u6700\u5927\u56f0\u96be\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u672c\u79d1\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b66\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u8bfb\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u53bb\u5b66\u4e45\u4fdd\u4eae\u4e94\u7f16\u7684\u300a\u70ed\u5b66\u00d7\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u300b\uff1b\u4e8e\u662f\u6570\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u4e5f\u4e0d\u591f\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u63a8\u8350\u6211\u8bfb\u4e00\u5957\u8bd1\u81ea\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u300a\u6570\u5b66\u2014\u4e3a\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u5316\u5b66\u300b\u7684\u65e5\u6587\u4e66\u3002\u975e\u5e38\u9057\u61be\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u6211\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u5168\u8bfb\u61c2\u4e00\u672c\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u6709\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u53c8\u6210\u540d\u4e8e\u6269\u6563\u3001\u6c89\u964d\u7b49\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u63a8\u5d07\u7684\u662f\u201c\u8bba\u6587\u535a\u58eb\u201d\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u5b66\u4e60\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u201d\uff08\u56fe6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u56fe6. \u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u5b66\u4e60\u4f1a\u4e0a\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u8bb2\u89e3\uff081983\u5e7412\u6708\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u5176\u5b9e\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u662f\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u9009\u81ea\u5df1\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u53bb\u6784\u7b51\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u642d\u5efa\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u6865\u94fe\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u7136\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u90a3\u4e00\u4ee3\u5b66\u8005\u662f\u6709\u201cdata for tomorrow\u201d\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u7684\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u53ef\u9760\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4f1a\u6709\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u76f4\u7559\u5b58\u4e0b\u53bb<\/strong>\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5bf9\u85e4\u7530\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6eb6\u6db2\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u3001\u7c98\u5ea6\u6d4b\u5b9a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u6765\u81ea\u7070\u5c18\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u7f8e\u56fdWisconsin\u5927\u5b66\u65f6\u7684\u540c\u4e8bFerry\u6559\u6388\u544a\u8bc9\u8fc7\u4ed6\u201c\u80ae\u810f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u5f53\u4f5c\u5ea7\u53f3\u94ed\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u6bcf\u65e5\u4e00\u5c0f\u626b\uff08\u6bcf\u5929\u6709\u5b66\u751f\u503c\u73ed\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u4e00\u4e2d\u626b\uff08\u5168\u4f53\u53c2\u52a0\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u6708\u4e00\u5927\u626b\uff08\u8981\u7ffb\u7bb1\u5012\u67dc\uff09\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u53ea\u8981\u6ca1\u6709\u6559\u6388\u4f1a\u7b49\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4e2d\u626b\u3001\u5927\u626b\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u53c2\u52a0\u3002\u5bf9\u8bd5\u6837\u548c\u6eb6\u5242\u7684\u63d0\u7eaf\uff0c\u5bf9\u5668\u76bf\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\u8981\u6c42\u66f4\u662f\u8fd1\u4e4e\u4e8e\u82db\u523b\u3002\u7528\u4f5c\u6eb6\u5242\u7684\u82ef\u3001\u7532\u82ef\u3001\u73af\u5df1\u70f7\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u7ecf\u94a0\u4e1d\u56de\u6d41\u9664\u6c34\u540e\uff0c\u7528\u7ea61.2\u7c73\u9ad8\u7684\u7cbe\u998f\u67f1\u6765\u5206\u79bb\uff1b\u8fde\u7528\u6765\u51b2\u6d17\u73bb\u7483\u5668\u76bf\u7684\u4e19\u916e\u3001\u505a\u6c89\u6dc0\u5242\u7684\u7532\u9187\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u84b8\u998f\u7eaf\u5316\uff08\u56fe7\uff09\uff1b\u79f0\u91cd\u91cf\u8981\u6234\u624b\u5957\u907f\u514d\u624b\u4e0a\u7684\u6cb9\u8ff9\u5e26\u6765\u8bef\u5dee\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u6e29\u5ea6\u8ba1\u3001\u79d2\u8868\uff08\u6d4b\u6d41\u4e0b\u65f6\u95f4\u7528\uff09\u8981\u7ecf\u5e38\u6821\u5bf9\u4e00\u81f4\uff1b\u751a\u81f3\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u914d\u7f6e\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7b49\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4eea\u5668\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u62c6\u5230\u4e86\u5916\u9762\uff08\u56fe8\uff09\u3002\u53d7\u6b64\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6211\u521a\u56de\u56fd\u65f6\u4e5f\u53bb\u8c03\u7814\u8fc7\u5e7f\u5dde\u5316\u5b66\u8bd5\u5242\u5382\u7b49\u5904\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u5c31\u662f\u5316\u5b66\u7eaf\u3001\u5206\u6790\u7eaf\u3001\u5149\u8c31\u7eaf\uff0c\u7eaf\u4e0d\u7eaf\u4e0d\u77e5\u53bb\u95ee\u8c01\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u7f62\u3002\u770b\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u8bd5\u5242used as received\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u4fe1\u6765\u81ea\u4f55\u5904\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
\u56fe7. \u7eaf\u5316\u6d17\u6da4\u3001\u6c89\u6dc0\u7528\u6eb6\u5242\u7684\u84b8\u998f\u5854<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\"\"
\u56fe8. Fica50\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u4eea\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8c03\u6574\u5149\u7535\u500d\u589e\u7ba1\u548c\u6821\u6b63\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u5df2\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u4e25\u683c\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u5bbd\u5bb9\u4f53\u8d34\uff08\u6253\u626b\u536b\u751f\u9664\u5916\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u6240\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u90a3\u6837\u201c\u4e00\u751f\u60ac\u547d\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u5bb6\u4f4f\u5728\u4eac\u90fd\u5e02\u7684\u5317\u9762\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u8981\u5df4\u58eb\u8f6c\u962a\u6025\u8f7b\u8f68\u5230\u7406\u5b66\u90e8\uff0c\u8def\u4e0a\u89811\u4e2a\u534a\u5c0f\u65f6\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u4e0a\u534810\u70b9\u591a\u5230\uff0c\u665a\u4e0a6\u70b9\u8d70\uff0c\u5468\u672b\u8282\u5047\u65e5\u4ece\u4e0d\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u3002\u5bf9\u52a9\u624b\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u662f\u5e26\u8fdb\u95e8\u800c\u4e0dpush\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5b66\u751f\u52a0\u73ed\u71ac\u591c\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u7761\u89c9\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u8bba\u201d\u6709\u5173\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u56e0\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u83b71968\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u7684Onsager\u975e\u5e38\u63a8\u5d07\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709idea\u65f6\u4e0d\u5982\u53bb\u770b\u770b\u6f2b\u753b\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5c0f\u4eba\u4e66\uff09\uff1b\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u505a\u68a6\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u65b0idea\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u8bfa\u5956\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u201c\u642c\u7816\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/strong>\u3002\u6bcf\u5929\u4e0b\u53483\u70b9\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u5496\u5561\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u5f00\u5fc3\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8001\u5e08\u3001\u540c\u5b66\u4f1a\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\u5ba4\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u559d\u5496\u5561\u4e00\u8fb9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3001\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0cscaling law\u3001spinodal decomposition\u7b49\u6211\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5496\u5561\u65f6\u95f4\u5b66\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u65e5\u79ef\u6708\u7d2f\u4e5f\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6211\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u6b23\u8d4f\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u70ed\u5fc3\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u8005\uff0c\u4e0a\u8bfe\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u7f16\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u4e3a\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u521d\u7b49\u5316\u5b66\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u300b\u3001\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u300b\u7b49\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0a\u8bfe\u662f\u4e00\u8bfe\u4e00\u8003\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u4e0a\u8bfe\u90fd\u8981\u505a\u4e00\u9898\u5c0f\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7531\u4ed6\u539f\u6765\u7684\u52a9\u624b\u8363\u6c38\u4e49\u4e4b\uff08\u540e\u6765\u4efb\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u526f\u6559\u6388\u3001\u5948\u826f\u5973\u5b50\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff09\u6c47\u7f16\u6210\u4e60\u9898\u96c6\uff08\u56fe9\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
\u56fe9. \u8363\u6c38\u6559\u6388\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4e60\u9898\u96c6\uff082010\u5e74\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u5c4a\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3e\u9063\u7559\u65e5\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5171148\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ea6\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u6839\u636e\u6211\u56fd\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7531\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u90e8\u7701\u53d1\u6587\u90e8\u7701\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff0c\u6bcf\u4eba\u6bcf\u6708\u7ea618\u4e07\u65e5\u5143\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u8fd8\u6709\u65c5\u884c\u8d39\u3002\u6211\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7531\u6211\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u53e6\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u6211\u56fd\u5916\u6c47\u975e\u5e38\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u4eba\u6bcf\u67085\u4e079\u5343\u65e5\u5143\u5b9e\u5c5e\u4e0d\u6613\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u5fc3\u5b58\u611f\u6fc0\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u62c5\u5fc3\u6211\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u592b\u4eba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u56e2\u4f53\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6708\u7ed9\u62113\u4e07\u65e5\u5143\u7684\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u3002\u91d1\u989d\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u5927\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e94\u5e74\u534a\u6211\u4e0d\u7528\u51fa\u53bb\u6253\u5de5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba9\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u6350\u4e86\uff08\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u79bb\u5f00\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u65f6\u6709\u96c6\u4f53\u6350\u8d60\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff09\u4e00\u53f0\u5f69\u7535\u653e\u5728\u8c08\u8bdd\u5ba4\uff0c\u6211\u56e0\u6b64\u770b\u523084\u5e74\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5965\u8fd0\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8bb8\u6d77\u5cf0\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u91d1\u724c\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u8bb0\u5fc6\u72b9\u65b0\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u68d2\u7403\u8ff7\uff0c\u5e26\u6211\u53bb\u7532\u5b50\u56ed\u770b\u8fc7\u65e5\u672c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u68d2\u7403\u9009\u62d4\u8d5b\u3002\u4ed6\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u8377\u5170\u7559\u5b66\u65f6\u7684\u4f53\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u6211\u4eec\u8fc7\u5e74\u65f6\u4f1ahomesick\uff08\u60f3\u5bb6\uff09\uff0c\u65b0\u5e74\u8bf7\u6211\u4eec\u5230\u4ed6\u5bb6\u91cc\u505a\u5ba2\uff08\u56fe10\uff09\u300285\u5e74\u5f20\u4fd0\u5a1c\u8001\u5e08[1]\u4f5c\u4e3aJSPS\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u65f6\uff0c\u5e26\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u4eac\u90fd\u89c2\u8d4f\u7ea2\u53f6\uff08\u56fe11\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
\u56fe10. \u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u5218\u5a01\u5728\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u5bb6\uff081986\u5e741\u67082\u65e5\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\"\"
\u56fe11. \u5de6\u8d77\u5218\u5a01\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u3001\u5f20\u4fd0\u5a1c\u8001\u5e08\u5728\u4eac\u90fd\u89c2\u8d4f\u7ea2\u53f6\uff081985\u5e7411\u6708\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

[1] \u5f20\u4fd0\u5a1c\uff081940-2020\uff09\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\uff0c\u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e09\u3001\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bfe\u9898\u2014\u2014\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6eb6\u6db2\u70ed\u529b\u5b66<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6eb6\u6db2\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u5f00\u8f9f\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u80fd\u591f\u9884\u6d4b\u76f8\u56fe\u7684\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u683c\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u7684Flory-Huggins\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u51fd\u6570\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb30\u4f59\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u63cf\u8ff0\u76f8\u56fe\u300260~70\u5e74\u4ee3\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u4fee\u6b63\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u62d8\u6ce5\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u8303\u5f0f\u800c\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5206\u522b\u5efa\u7acb\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u76f8\u56fe\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u76f8\u56fe\u9a8c\u8bc1\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7a00\u6eb6\u6db2\u3001\u6d53\u6eb6\u6db2\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u7528\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u6d4b\u5b9a\u5355\u5206\u6563\u805a\u82ef\u4e59\u70ef\uff08PS\uff09\u7684\u73af\u5df1\u70f7\u6eb6\u6db2\u5728\u03b8\u6e29\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ef4\u91cc\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e0e\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u80fd\u591f\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\uff08Polym. J.<\/em> 1983, 15, 835; Polym. J. <\/em>1984, 16, 641\uff09\u3002\u5e73\u65e5\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u5c31\u89c6\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u5982\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0\u6781\u5927\u6216\u6781\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u90fd\u8981\u6c42\u4ece\u4e24\u4fa7\u903c\u8fd1\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6781\u503c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u672a\u77e5\u73b0\u8c61\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u8ba4\u771f\u6838\u67e5\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u68c0\u8ba8\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u8fd8\u8ba9\u6211\u5c06\u6240\u7528\u7684\u7a84\u5206\u5e03PS\u6807\u6837\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u53c8\u5168\u6d4b\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u91cf1\u4e07\u7684\u8fd8\u505a\u4e86\u6781\u5316\u7387\u5404\u5411\u5f02\u6027\u7684\u6821\u6b63\uff1b\u53c8\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u5b50\u91cfPS\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u8bd5\u6837\u6765\u91cd\u590d\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u5b9e\u9a8c\u80fd\u529b\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4fe1\u4efb\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6211\u4e3a\u4e1c\u66f9\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u805a\u82ef\u4e59\u70ef\u6807\u51c6\u8bd5\u6837\u6d4b\u5b9a\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\uff0c\u8be5\u53f8\u4e3a\u6211\u514d\u8d39\u63d0\u4f9b\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u9700\u7684PS\u8bd5\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1985\u5e744\u6708\u6211\u8fdb\u5165\u535a\u58eb\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c1986\u5e743\u6708\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u9000\u4f11\uff0c\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u8f6c\u5bfc\u5e08\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u6d53\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u6eb6\u5242\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4e09\u7ec4\u5206\u6eb6\u6db2\u76f8\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u8ddf\u4ed6\u7684\u52a9\u624b\u8363\u6c38\u4e49\u4e4b\u535a\u58eb\uff08\u4ed6\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u5728\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u4ece\u642d\u5efa\u52a8\u6001\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u4eea\u5230\u6d41\u53d8\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff09\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u5728\u6b64\u8d58\u8ff0\uff0c\u5199\u4e24\u4ef6\u4ee4\u6211\u6ca1\u9f7f\u96be\u5fd8\u7684\u4e8b\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u6d4b\u5b9a\u805a\u5f02\u4e01\u70ef+\u82ef\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u4f4d\u4e0e\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u6eb6\u6db2\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u719f\u7ec3\u7684\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u6d4b\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u6e17\u900f\u538b\u6d4b\u5b9a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u4e0e\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0eFlory\u7b49\u4eba1957\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u5408\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u518d\u6b21\u6559\u80b2\u6211\uff0c\u201c\u5927\u5496\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u662f\u9760\u5f97\u4f4f\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u5927\u5496\u7684\u540d\u8457\u5f15\u7528\u800c\u81ea\u8c6a\uff1b\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u53cd\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u81ea\u8c6a<\/strong>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9664\u4e86\u65e9\u671f\u7684Fujita-Doolittle equation\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u518d\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u540d\u5b57\u6765\u547d\u540d\u4e86<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u5f88\u591a\u520a\u7269\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u8fdb\u5165supporting information\u4e86\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u4e8c\u662f\u6211\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u7b54\u8fa9\u65f6\uff08\u56fe12\uff09\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u5df2\u9000\u4f11\u4e24\u5e74\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u5ba1\u67e5\u7531\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u7684\u540e\u4efb\u5bfa\u672c\u660e\u592b\u6559\u6388\u8d1f\u8d23\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e3b\u67e5\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u5ba1\u67e5\u3001\u7b54\u8fa9\u4e0a\u5bfa\u672c\u6559\u6388\u7ed9\u4e88\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6700\u5927\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u6ca1\u6709\u8bba\u6587\u76f8\u4e92\u6302\u540d\u7684\u98ce\u6c14\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u9000\u4f11\u65f6\u8fd8\u5bf9\u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u7684206\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u6b21\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6211\u5b8c\u6210\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u7b54\u8fa9\u5f53\u5929\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u4e13\u7a0b\u6765\u5230\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u795d\u8d3a\uff08\u56fe13\uff09\uff0c\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u4e3a\u5f53\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u4e3e\u529e\u4e86\u9001\u522b\u9152\u4f1a\uff08\u56fe14\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u56fe12. 1988\u5e742\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u7b54\u8fa9\uff0c\u4e3b\u5e2d\u4e3a\u5c0f\u9ad8\u5fe0\u7537\u6559\u6388<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u56fe13. 1988\u5e742\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u7b54\u8fa9\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u795d\u8d3a\uff0c\u5de6\u8d77\uff1a\u5bfa\u672c\u660e\u592b\u6559\u6388\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\uff08\u9000\u4f11\u540e\u79f0\u201c\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\u201d\uff09\u3001\u5219\u672b\u5c1a\u5fd7\u526f\u6559\u6388\u3001\u4f50\u85e4\u5c1a\u5f18\u52a9\u624b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u56fe13. 1988\u5e742\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u7b54\u8fa9\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u795d\u8d3a\uff0c\u5de6\u8d77\uff1a\u5bfa\u672c\u660e\u592b\u6559\u6388\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\uff08\u9000\u4f11\u540e\u79f0\u201c\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\u201d\uff09\u3001\u5219\u672b\u5c1a\u5fd7\u526f\u6559\u6388\u3001\u4f50\u85e4\u5c1a\u5f18\u52a9\u624b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u56db\u3001\u8da3\u95fb\u8f76\u4e8b\u4e24\u5219<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u88ab\u5f15\u8fdb\u5230\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u4eca\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u52a9\u624b\u3001\u526f\u6559\u6388\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5386\u7ec3\uff08\u6c34\u4ea7\u5b66\u79d1\u65f6\u4ee3\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u76f4\u6765\u76f4\u53bb\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e0a\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u51fa\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e5f\u5c5e\u53e6\u7c7b\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u9000\u4f11\u540e\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u518d\u5c31\u4e1a\u201d\uff08\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u9000\u4f11\u540e\u5f88\u591a\u4f1a\u5728\u79c1\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u518d\u5e72\u51e0\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u793e\u4ea4\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u597d\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u7ecf\u8d39\u662f\u6309\u6559\u6388\u4eba\u5934\u62e8\u6b3e\u7684\uff08\u79f0\u201c\u6821\u8d39\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u62a5\u9879\u76ee\u4e89\u7ecf\u8d39<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u5219\u8f76\u4e8b\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\u8fdb\u4e86\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\uff08\u85e4\u7530\u535a\uff0c\u201c\u56de\u60f3\u201d\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u5148\u751f\u9000\u5b98\u8bb0\u5ff5\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4f1a\uff0c1986\uff09\u7684\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6539\u5750\u5395<\/strong>\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7f51\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u65e5\u672c\u516c\u5395\u5982\u4f55\u5148\u8fdb\u3001\u536b\u751f\uff0c50~60\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u516c\u5171\u5395\u6240\u90fd\u662f\u8e72\u5395\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u89c9\u5f97\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528\u8e72\u5395\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5b66\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5728\u6559\u6388\u4f1a\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u6539\u5750\u5395\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u4ed6\u662f\u7406\u5b66\u90e8\u6700\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff08~40\u5c81\uff09\uff0c\u88ab\u5632\u7b11\u201c\u6559\u6388\u4f1a\u4e0a\u4e0d\u8ba8\u8bba\u5927\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6539\u5395\u6240\uff1f\u201d\u4ed6\u591a\u6b21\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e8b\u52a1\u5c40\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u90e8\u662f\u6559\u6388\u4f1a\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\u5c40\u6267\u884c\uff09\u70e6\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u9884\u7b97\u8bb8\u53ef\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u5728\u7406\u5b66\u90e8\u8ddd\u4ed6\u7684\u6559\u6388\u5ba4\u6700\u8fd1\u76843\u697c\u897f\u4fa7\u8d70\u5eca\u7684\u5395\u6240\u91cc\u6539\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5750\u4fbf\u5668\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5395\u6240\u76f4\u5230\u6211\u6bd5\u4e1a\u65f6\u4ecd\u662f\u8e72\u5395\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u697c\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u697c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5750\u4fbf\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0d\u8981\u5956\u7ae0<\/strong>\uff1a\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u5feb\u9000\u4f11\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u5929\u4ed6\u63a5\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u6587\u90e8\u7701\u7684\u7535\u8bdd\uff0c\u8981\u9881\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5956\u7ae0\uff08\u540d\u79f0\u6211\u8bb0\u4e0d\u6e05\u4e86\uff09\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u53bb\u4e1c\u4eac\u9886\u5956\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u53bb\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf7\u6587\u90e8\u7701\u5bc4\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u6587\u90e8\u7701\u8bf4\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bc4\uff1b\u4ed6\u5c31\u8bf4\u90a3\u8bf7\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4eba\u5e26\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u6587\u90e8\u7701\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5956\u7ae0\u5fc5\u987b\u7531\u672c\u4eba\u4eb2\u81ea\u6765\u9886\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4ed6\u8bf4\u201c\u90a3\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u4e86\uff01\u201d\u4ed6\u89c9\u5f97\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u4fe1\u8d56\uff0c\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u5e74\u540e\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u65f6\u8fd8\u5f15\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u9760\u5f97\u4f4f<\/strong>\u3002Fitts\u7684\u201cNonequilibrium Thermodynamics (1962)\u201d\u3001Ferry\u7684\u201cViscoelastic Properties of Polymers (1980)\u201d\u7b49\u4e13\u8457\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee4\u4ed6\u5f15\u4ee5\u4e3a\u50b2\u3002\u4ed6\u7ecf\u5e38\u8ddf\u6211\u8bf4\uff1a\u8bba\u6587\u662f\u6587\u8d23\u81ea\u8d1f\u7684\uff0c\u5ba1\u7a3f\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u91cd\u65b0\u505a\u4e00\u904d\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u8ddf\u5c0f\u8d29\u5356\u7684\u9999\u70df\u4e00\u6837\uff08\u4ed6\u662f\u70df\u6c11\uff09\uff0c\u9760\u4e0d\u4f4f\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u4e70\u4e86\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u4f5c\u8005\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u4fe1\u8d56<\/strong>\u3002\u5927\u5496\u4fe1\u5f97\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0e\u5927\u5496\u7684private communication\u5e94\u8be5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u554a\u3002<\/p>\n\n<\/div> ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6ce8\uff1a\u539f\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u6c5f\u660e\u9662\u58eb\u521b\u529e\u7684\u300a\u65e6\u82d1\u6668\u949f\u300b\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u3002\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u6211\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u53ea\u628a\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8f6c\u8f7d\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165\u7ae5\u771f\u6587\u96c6\u4e2d\u3002 \u4ece\u6c34\u4ea7\u5b66\u79d1\u8d70\u51fa\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6559\u6388\u2014\u2014\u56de\u5fc6\u6211\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u5148\u751f \u7ae5 \u771f \u6211\u4e0e\u6c5f\u660e\u5148\u751f\u76f8\u8bc6\u4e8e1988\u5e748\u6708IUPAC\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4eac\u90fd\u4e3e\u529e\u7684Macro 88\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u4ed6\u5c31\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u56de\u56fd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u56de\u56fd\u540e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u76f4\u5f97\u5230\u6c5f\u5148\u751f\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u6559\u8bf2\u3002\u6c5f\u5148\u751f\u9000\u4f11\u540e\u4e3b\u529e\u4e86\u201c\u65e6\u82d1\u6668\u949f\u201d\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u5fe0\u5b9e\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u3002\u6c5f\u5148\u751f\u591a\u6b21\u5411\u6211\u7ea6\u7a3f\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7ecf\u5386\u5e73\u5e73\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u5c31\u56de\u5fc6\u6211\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u5bfc\u5e08\u5427\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e9b\u53e6\u7c7b\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u81ea\u5b66\u6210\u6750\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u77e5\u540d\u6559\u6388 \u6211\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u6559\u6388\uff08Hiroshi Fujita\uff0c1922\u5e744\u670810\u65e5\u20142007\u5e743\u670828\u65e5\uff0c\u56fe1\uff09\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u754c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u51fa\u8eab\u4e8e\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u65e9\u57281986\u5e74\u5c31\u9000\u4f11\u4e0d\u518d\u53c2\u52a0\u5b66\u672f\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e86\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u8d39\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u6765\u8fc7\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e0e\u6211\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u4ea4\u96c6\u5f88\u5c11\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u662f1942\u5e744\u6708\u8003\u5165\u65e5\u672c\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\uff09\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5904\u4e8e\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u5236\u4ece\u539f\u6765\u76843\u5e74\u7f29\u77ed\u52302\u5e74\u534a\uff0c\u6700\u540e1\u5e74\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8bb2\u5ea7\u201d\uff09\u5728\u6559\u6388\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u53c2\u52a0\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u79d1\u7814\u3002\u4ed6\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\uff0c1944\u5e749\u6708\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5b66\u5e74\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u57283\u6708\u5e95\u7ed3\u675f\uff09\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u672c\u79d1\u6bd5\u4e1a\u83b7\u5f97\u7406\u5b66\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u50a8\u5907\u5e74\u8f7b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u6218\u65f6\u201c\u7279\u522b\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u201d\uff0c\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u548c\u4eab\u6709\u514d\u4e8e\u88ab\u5f81\u5175\u7684\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u5148\u751f\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u7279\u522b\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5f97\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ece\u4e8b\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7a7a\u6c14\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u65e5\u672c\u590d\u5174\u822a\u7a7a\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c1946\u5e74\u6218\u8d25\u540e\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u4e8b\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u534a\u5e74\u5e2e\u52a9\u7236\u4eb2\u52a1\u519c\u540e\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u5148\u751f\u5230\u79c1\u7acb\u7acb\u547d\u9986\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u517c\u4efb\u8bb2\u5e08\u30021948\u5e74\u8d77\u4efb\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u519c\u5b66\u90e8\u6c34\u4ea7\u5b66\u79d1\u52a9\u624b\u3001\u526f\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u65e0\u4eba\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u9c7c\u5e72\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4ece\u9c7c\u7684\u5e72\u71e5\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6269\u6563\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u30021953\u5e74\u85e4\u7530\u5148\u751f\u4ee5\u5173\u4e8e\u6269\u6563\u548c\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u83b7\u5f97\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u7406\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08\u4ed6\u575a\u6301\u7528Dr. Sci.\u800c\u4e0d\u662fPh.D.\uff09\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6ca1\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9662\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u51ed\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6765\u7533\u8bf7\u3002\u8bf4\u4ed6\u81ea\u5b66\u6210\u6750\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5411\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u7533\u8bf7\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6c34\u4ea7\u5b66\u79d1\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u79f0\u8fd9\u7c7b\u535a\u58eb\u4e3a\u201c\u8bba\u6587\u535a\u58eb\u201d\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u624d\u5efa\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9662\uff08\u65e5\u8bed\u79f0\u201c\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5e74\u6570\uff0c\u64b0\u5199\u8bba\u6587\u7533\u8bf7\u7855\u58eb\u6216\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u535a\u58eb\u201d\u3002\u4ece1954\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u5148\u751f\u591a\u6b21\u8d74\u8377\u5170\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u6e38\u5b66\u3001\u4efb\u6559\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u8d85\u901f\u79bb\u5fc3\u5206\u6790\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u6c42\u89e3\u6269\u6563\u65b9\u7a0b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7279\u957f\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u548c\u6c89\u964d\u7cfb\u6570\u5177\u6709\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u65f6\u5bf9\u6eb6\u8d28\u6c89\u964d\u8fb9\u754c\u533a\u57df\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e24\u672c\u8d85\u901f\u79bb\u5fc3\u5206\u6790\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\uff1a\u201cMathematical Theory of Sedimentation Analysis\u201d Academic Press 1962\u548c\u201cFoundations of Ultracentrifugal Analysis\u201dWiley-Interscience 1975\u3002\uff08H. Fujita, \u201cThe initial step in my science career\u201d, Comprehensive Biochemistry, 2000, 41, 275\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86Fujita–Doolittle equation\u3002 1961\u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fdWisconsin\u5927\u5b66\u5f15\u8fdb\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u58eb\u5230\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u79d1\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6eb6\u6db2\u7406\u8bba\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7684\u6559\u6388\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u662f\u8bb2\u5ea7\u5236\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bb2\u5ea7\u90fd\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7f16\u5236\u662f1\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u30011\u4f4d\u526f\u6559\u6388\u30012\u4f4d\u52a9\u624b\u3002\u8bb2\u5ea7\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5751\u4e00\u4e2a\u841d\u535c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u79d1\u6709\u4e24\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u90fd\u5c062~3\u4e2a\u8bb2\u5ea7\u5408\u5e76\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5927\u8bb2\u5ea7\u201d\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u526f\u6559\u6388\u7684\u7f16\u5236\u6570\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u52a9\u624b\u7684\u7f16\u5236\u6570\u3002\u6559\u6388\u9000\u4f11\u540e\u8be5\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u65b9\u5411\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u90a3\u6837\u526f\u6559\u6388\u3001\u52a9\u624b\u90fd\u8981\u53e6\u5bfb\u51fa\u8def\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5411\u56fd\u5916\u4ecb\u7ecd\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u6388\u529b\u63a8\u5c06\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u62a5\u300b\u6539\u4e3a\u82f1\u8bed\u7684Polymer Journal\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u9f84\u4eba\u4e2d\u4ed6\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u6700\u597d\uff0c\u4eb2\u4efb\u4e3b\u7f16\u76f4\u5230\u4ed6\u9000\u4f11\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74\u4ed6\u8981\u5ba1\u7a3f\u7ea680\u7bc7\u6587\u7a3f\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u7535\u8111\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5168\u9760\u6253\u5b57\u673a\u3001\u90ae\u5bc4\u4fe1\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u5348\u996d\u540e\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ece\u4e00\u697c\u6536\u53d1\u5ba4\u62ff\u56de\u4e0d\u5c11\u7a3f\u4ef6\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u8981\u52a1\u662fpolish\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u8981\u8ba9native speaker\u80fd\u8bfb\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u5012\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4eca\u65e5\u201c\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u70e6\u607c\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u62c5\u4efb\u8fc7J.Polym. Sci.\u548cAdv. Polym. Sci.\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u5173\u897f\u5730\u533a\u7684\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u662f3\u6708\u5e95\u6ee163\u5c81\u5c31\u8981\u9000\u4f11\uff08\u73b0\u5728\u6539\u4e3a65\u5c81\u4e86\uff09\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u6559\u63881986\u5e744\u6708\u4ece\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u9000\u4f11\u3002 \u9000\u4f11\u4ee5\u540e\u4ed6\u7684\u613f\u671b\u662f\u53d1\u8868\u4ee5\u5bb6\u5ead\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u901a\u8baf\u5730\u5740\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\uff0c1988\u5e74\u548c1993\u5e74\u5728Macromolecules\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e24\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff08Macromolecules 1988, 21,179; Macromolecules 1993, 26, 643\uff0c\u56fe2\uff09\uff0c2000\u5e74\u8fd8\u5728J. Phys. Chem.\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u6269\u6563\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff08J. Phys. Chem. A 2000, 104, 10053\uff09\uff1b1990\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e13\u8457\u201cPolymer Solutions\u201d(Elsevier)\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e13\u8457\u4e2d\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u201cNotes on the Derivation of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[317],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9231","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-317"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1aPvF-2oT","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":9054,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/9054","url_meta":{"origin":9231,"position":0},"title":"\u662d\u548c\u65f6\u671f","author":"Andrew","date":"2024\u5e747\u670814\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u662d\u548c\u65f6\u671f\uff081926\u5e74\u81f31989\u5e74\uff09\u6070\u9022\u65e5\u672c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u672c\u571f\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u52a8\u8361\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u3002\u6211\u89c2\u770b\u8fc7\u7684\u7535\u89c6\u5267\u300a\u963f\u4fe1\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bab\u5d0e\u9a8f\u7684\u52a8\u753b\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u8d77\u98ce\u4e86\u300b\uff0c\u90fd\u7ed9\u6211\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u6211\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4f4d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u80fd\u60f3\u8c61\u5230\u4ed6\u5728\u5e74\u8f7b\u65f6\u4ee3\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u5305\u56f4\u4e2d\u786e\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5fd7\u5411\uff0c\u5e76\u514b\u670d\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002\u6218\u540e\u91cd\u5efa\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u5904\u4e8e\u662d\u548c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4e2d\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u5176\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6c34\u5e73\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u671f\u663e\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8ddf\u201c\u662d\u548c\u201d\u5e74\u53f7\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u65e5\u6587\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u5e74\u4efd\u662f\u7528\u201c\u662d\u548c\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u5e74\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e74\u53f7\u7eaa\u5e74\u6cd5\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u6bcf\u67e5\u5230\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u8feb\u53bb\u67e5\u7b97\u5230\u5e95\u8fd9\u662f\u516c\u5143\u591a\u5c11\u5e74\u3002\u4ece\u6c64\u5ddd\u79c0\u6811\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\uff081949\u5e74\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4e0d\u65ad\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u7269\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ed5\u8fc7\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u5f0f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u82e5\u5e72\u4f4d\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5206\u652f\u9886\u57df\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5960\u57fa\u5f0f\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\u6574\u4e2a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u754c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u73af\u5883\u662f\u826f\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u571f\u58e4\u662f\u80a5\u6c83\u7684\u3002 \u5728\u6211\u7684\u5c0f\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u662d\u548c\u65f6\u4ee3\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fd8\u6709\u597d\u591a\u4f4d\u3002\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u201c\u611f\u5b57\u201d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u837b\u91ce\u4e00\u5584\u5c31\u7ecf\u5e38\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5148\u884c\u8005\u4e2d\u5ddd\u9e64\u592a\u90ce\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u540c\u4e3a\u6eb6\u80c0\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u2014\u2014\u5c0f\u8d2f\u660e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0e\u5ddd\u5d0e\u606d\u6cbb\u4e00\u9053\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u53d8\u7814\u7a76\u7684\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u4e34\u754c\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u8026\u5408\u7406\u8bba\u521b\u7acb\u8005\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u7684\u66f4\u65e9\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u4e45\u4fdd\u4eae\u4e94\uff08\u5c31\u662fGreen-Kubo\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684Kubo\uff09\u548c\u68ee\u8087\uff08\u5c31\u662fZwanzig-Mori\u6295\u5f71\u7b97\u7b26\u4e2d\u7684Mori\uff09\u4e86\u3002 \u6211\u535a\u58eb\u5bfc\u5e08\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u5bfc\u5e08\u2014\u2014\u85e4\u7530\u535a\uff08\uff0c\u662f\u662d\u548c\u5341\u4e5d\u5e74\uff081944\u5e74\uff09\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u7406\u5b66\u90e8\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u79d1\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u8be5\u5e74B-29\u5f00\u59cb\u7a7a\u88ad\u4e1c\u4eac\u3002\u800c\u4e00\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u76841945\u5e74\u5c31\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u906d\u9047\u4e24\u9897\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u7206\u70b8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u5185\u5168\u56fd\u7389\u97f3\u653e\u9001\u300a\u7ec8\u6218\u8bcf\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u5bf9\u5916\u5ba3\u5e03\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u6295\u964d\u30021946\u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u5929\u7687\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u4eba\u95f4\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u8bf4\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u5e76\u975e\u795e\uff0c\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u516c\u5e03\u5e76\u5728\u6b21\u5e74\uff081947\uff09\u5e74\u65bd\u884c\u3002 \u4e5f\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u5230\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6c34\u4ea7\u79d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6e14\u4e1a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53d1\u8868\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee5\u300a\u7523\u5375\u904e\u7a0b\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5bc6\u5ea6\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff08\u8bba\u79cd\u7fa4\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5bf9\u4ea7\u5375\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u300b\u4e3a\u6807\u9898\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u52a8\u7406\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u9ad8\u65af\u5206\u5e03\u89e3\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3002 \u85e4\u7530\u57281954\u5e74\u5230\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u5927\u5b66\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u505a\u535a\u540e\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u671f\u4ed6\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u8d85\u79bb\u5fc3\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u5927\u5b66\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u7684\u6559\u6388John Warren Williams\uff081898~1988\uff09\uff08\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22John\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u4eba\u79f0\u4ed6Jack Williams\uff09\u7531\u4e8eSvedberg1923\u5e74\u66fe\u9020\u8bbf\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u5927\u5b66\u800c\u5bf9\u8d85\u79bb\u5fc3\u65b9\u6cd5\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u30021934~35\u5e74Jack\u5230Svedberg\u90a3\u91cc\u5b66\u4e60\u5927\u7ea6\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u8d85\u79bb\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u3002\u56de\u7f8e\u56fd\u540e\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u8d85\u79bb\u5fc3\u673a\u7684\u843d\u5730\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7528\u4e8e\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7814\u7a76\u3002Williams\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u8da3\u79bb\u5fc3\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u6765\u505a\u535a\u540e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u6c42\u89e3\u6269\u6563\u65b9\u7a0b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7279\u957f\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u8003\u8651\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u548c\u6c89\u964d\u7cfb\u6570\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u6eb6\u8d28\u6c89\u964d\u8fb9\u754c\u533a\u57df\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u5199\u7684\u4e66Mathematical Theory of Sedimentation Analysis\uff08Academic Press 1962\uff09\u662f\u8d85\u79bb\u5fc3\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\u9886\u57df\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u591a\u4eba\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u5199\u7684Foudations of Ultracentrifugal Analysis\uff08John Wiley & Sons 1975\uff09\u3002\u5728\u524d\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7559\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u85e4\u7530\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u4f4d\u5bf9\u89e3\u65b9\u7a0b\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u6269\u6563\u95ee\u9898\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u65b0\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u5927\u7ea6\u4ee5de Groot\u7684\u8457\u4f5cThermodynamics of Irreversible Processe\uff08North-Holland 1952\uff09\u548c\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u7684\u8457\u4f5cIntroduction to Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processe\uff08Charles C Thomas 1955\uff09\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\u3002 \u4e61\u6751\u9e1f\u77b0 \u57ce\u5e02\u9e1f\u77b0 \u5728\u5ba2\u8f66\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u4eac\u95f9\u5e02 \u4e1c\u4eac\u8857\u9053 \u5c0f\u5b66\u751f \u5de5\u5382 1953\u5e74\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u4e1c\u4eac\u7269\u8bed\u300b\u5267\u7167 \u5c3d\u7ba1\u85e4\u7530\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u64c5\u957f\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u642d\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4eea\u5668\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc71952\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u91cc\uff08\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u4ed6\u53bb\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u524d\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u6539\u88c5\u4e86\u66f4\u65e9\u51e0\u5e74\u62a5\u9053\u5728J. Appl. Phys.\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u8f6f\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\u5f62\u53d8\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u6d4b\u8bd5\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u6d53\u5230\u50cf\u51dd\u80f6\u72b6\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u6a21\u91cf\u3002\u6211\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u837b\u91ce\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u501f\u7528\u85e4\u7530\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u3002 \u85e4\u7530\u62a5\u9053\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u4eea\u5668\u3002\u8bd5\u6837\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u8f7d\u8377\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u94fe\u6761\u5929\u5e73\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff08\u90e8\u4ef610\u300111\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002 \u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u300a\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u4e2d\u5ddd\u9e64\u592a\u90ce\u5728\u540c\u65f6\u4ee3\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u591a\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u6db2\u4f53\u7684\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff08\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e2d\u5ddd\u79f0\u201crheology\u201d\u4e3a\u201c\u6d41\u52a8\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u201c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u6765\u81ea\u65e5\u8bed\uff09\u3002\u300a\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u300b\u4e66\u4e2d\u6240\u79f0\u7684\u4e45\u5c71\u591a\u7f8e\u7537\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7cfb\u6570\u7684\u65b0\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\uff08\u4ea6\u79f0\u4e45\u5c71\u5148\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u8bed\u4e2d\u9053\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u4e2d\u5ddd\u6539\u8fdb\u5e76\u4e8e\u540c\u5e74\uff08\u662d\u548c26\u5e74\uff09\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u5316\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u3002\u6211\u5728\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u56fa\u4f532021\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002\u85e4\u7530\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e2d\u5ddd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u4e0d\u5947\u602a\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u300b\uff08Kobunshi\uff0c\u662f1952\u5e74\u521b\u520a\u7684\uff09\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u8fc7\u4e00\u7bc7\u6563\u6587\uff081983\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u6742\u5fd7\u65e9\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u5143\u7eaa\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e00\u4ea4\u53c9\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u5728\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u6216\u4e13\u8457\u3002\u786e\u5b9e\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281957\u5e74\u5c31\u4e0e\u5cb8\u672c\u662d\u4e00\u540c\u5728\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6709\u8da3\u76843\u4eba\u5bf9\u8c08\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c08\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u6a61\u80f6\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5e94\u529b\u677e\u5f1b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u533a\u5206\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u677e\u5f1b\u548c\u7531\u4e8e\u5316\u5b66\u8001\u5316\u9020\u6210\u7684\u677e\u5f1b\u3002\u5f00\u59343\u4eba\u5c31\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u5316\u5b66\u677e\u5f1b\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7269\u7406\u7f13\u5408\u201d\u7b49\u672f\u8bed\u5982\u4f55\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u65e5\u8bed\u62b1\u6028\u4e86\u4e00\u756a\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5927\u5bb6\u6253\u7b97\u627e\u4e00\u5bb6coffee shop\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u7cbe\u795e\u7f13\u548c\u201d\uff08mental relaxation\uff09\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u80fd\u8bf4\u85e4\u7530\u535a\uff08\u6211\u5e08\u7237\uff09\u5173\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002","rel":"","context":"In "\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6"","block_context":{"text":"\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/featured"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/%E5%B1%8F%E5%B9%95%E6%88%AA%E5%9B%BE-2024-07-14-034703.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/%E5%B1%8F%E5%B9%95%E6%88%AA%E5%9B%BE-2024-07-14-034703.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/%E5%B1%8F%E5%B9%95%E6%88%AA%E5%9B%BE-2024-07-14-034703.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":8488,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8488","url_meta":{"origin":9231,"position":1},"title":"\u8bfb\u51af\u57f9\u5fe0\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u63a8\u6587\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u4e00\u540d\u5408\u683c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\uff1f\u201d\u8054\u60f3","author":"Andrew","date":"2022\u5e746\u670821\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u6309\uff1a\u6b64\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u6211\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\u7ae5\u771f\u6559\u6388\u3002 \u5e7f\u7167\u8001\u5e08\u63a8\u9001\u4e86\u51af\u57f9\u5fe0\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u4e00\u540d\u5408\u683c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\uff1f\u201d\u4ee4\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u6211\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u85e4\u7530\u535a\uff08Hiroshi Fujita\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u540d\u66f4\u88ab\u4eba\u719f\u77e5\uff09\u6559\u6388\u5bf9\u6211\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5b66\u7a7a\u6c14\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b8c\u5168\u9760\u81ea\u5b66\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u7a8d\u4e0d\u901a\u3002\u4ed6\u662fFoundation of Ultracentrifugal Analysis\u7b49\u4e13\u8457\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u3001Fujita-Doolittle equation\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u8005\uff0c1961\u5e74\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u4eceWisconsin\u5927\u5b66\u5f15\u8fdb\u7684\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u662f\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6234\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u663e\u793a\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u5bfc\u5e08\u201d\u8d44\u8d28\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u201c\u5b66\u8bf4\u201d\u6211\u8bb0\u5fc6\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ec5\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e24\u4e2a\uff1a\u7761\u89c9\u5f97\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u4e5f\u662f\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u300140\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002 \u7761\u89c9\u5f97\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u4e5f\u662f\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\uff1a\u4ed6\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u8c03idea\uff0c\u4e0d\u9f13\u52b1\u642c\u7816\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709idea\u65f6\u4e0d\u5982\u53bb\u770b\u770b\u6f2b\u753b\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u65e5\u672c\u6559\u6388\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u665a\u4e0a6\u70b9\u524d\u80af\u5b9a\u79bb\u5f00\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u5468\u672b\u3001\u8282\u5047\u65e5\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u4ed6\u5bb6\u5728\u4eac\u90fd\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u957f\u4e2d\u5c9b\u7ae0\u592b\u662f\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5bb6\u5374\u5728\u5927\u962a\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u529d\u4ed6\u4eec\u6362\u623f\u5b50\u4ee5\u4fbf\u591a\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u7761\u89c9\u505a\u68a6\u5f97\u5230\u65b0idea\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u8bfa\u5956\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u642c\u7816\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6211\u53d7\u4ed6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5b66\u5f97\u5176\u8868\u5f62\uff1a\u5468\u672b\u3001\u8282\u5047\u65e5\u4e0d\u53bb\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5f88\u8fd1\uff09\uff0c\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\u505a\u68a6\u81f3\u4eca\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5f97\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b0idea\uff0c\u5230\u9000\u4f11\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48theory\u3001equation\u95ee\u4e16\u3002 40\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b66\u8005\u8d77\u6b65\u81f340\u5c81\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u8981\u7b49\u4e8e\u5e74\u9f84\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f40\u7bc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6210\u679c\u300240\u4ee5\u540e\u6709\u4e86\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u8981\u4e0a\u8bfe\u3001\u51fa\u5e2d\u6559\u6388\u4f1a\uff08\u6bcf\u4e24\u5468\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u5b66\u90e8\u51b3\u7b56\u4f1a\u8bae\uff09\u7b49\u7b49\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u8d21\u732e\u5462\uff1f\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u7535\u8111\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u90ae\u9012\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u7eb8\u8d28\u520a\u7269\uff0c40\u7bc7\u662f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u300222\u5c81\u8d77\u81f340\u5c81\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u5e74\u89812\u7bc7\u591a\uff0c\u8fd8\u90fd\u8981\u6709\u65b0idea\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709IF\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981TOC\uff08\u56fe\u50cf\u5316\u5012\u662f\u5bfc\u5e08\u7684\u671f\u671b\uff0c\u4ed6\u89c9\u5f97\u5982\u679c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7edf\u8ba1\u80fd\u591f\u7528\u6f2b\u753b\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u90a3\u65b9\u4fbf\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u613f\u610f\u5b66\uff09\u3002\u6211\u56e0\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\uff0c40\u5c81\u8bba\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u523040\u7bc7\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u538b\u529b\u5c42\u5c42\u4e0b\u8fbe\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ea4\u6d41\u5b66\u672f\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u8ba8\u8bba\u79d1\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u521d\u8877\u6e10\u884c\u6e10\u8fdc\u4e86\u3002 \u884c\u6587\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u51af\u57f9\u5fe0\u8001\u5e08\u63a8\u6587\u4e2d\u768412\u6761\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u662f\u201c\u81f3\u5c11\u201d\u7684\u5bf9\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u5427\uff0c\u5982\u4e0d\u8dd1\u817f\u529e\u79c1\u4e8b\u3001\u4e0d\u5f53\u9aa1\u9a6c\u3001\u4e0d\u4e3b\u5bb0\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u4e0d\u8bed\u8a00\u66b4\u529b\u3001\u4e0d\u4e0e\u5f02\u6027\u72ec\u5904\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5168\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u4e5f\u96be\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u5bfc\u5e08\u4e86\u3002","rel":"","context":"In "\u5173\u4e8e\u79d1\u7814\u7684\u6587\u7ae0"","block_context":{"text":"\u5173\u4e8e\u79d1\u7814\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8e%e7%a7%91%e7%a0%94%e7%9a%84%e6%96%87%e7%ab%a0"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":7314,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/7314","url_meta":{"origin":9231,"position":2},"title":"\u6211\u5b66\u4e60\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ecf\u5386","author":"Andrew","date":"2017\u5e742\u67087\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u4e00 \u5728\u5fae\u4fe1\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u5148\u751f\u901d\u4e16\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4eab\u5e74101\u5c81\u3002\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u5148\u751f\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5148\u9a71\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6750\u6599\u8bb0\u53d9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a \u7f8e\u4e3d\u590d\u65e6\u4e4b\u8dc3\u8fdb\u697c\u00b7\u964b\u5ba4\u94ed \u300a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u79d1:\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u4f20\u300b \u6bb5\u70bc, \u5f20\u5251, \u5f20\u709c\u3010\u6458\u8981 \u4e66\u8bc4 \u8bd5\u8bfb\u3011\u56fe\u4e66 \u201c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5148\u751f\u201d\u4e8e\u540c\u9690 \u98ce\u8f7b\u4e91\u6de1\u4ec1\u8005\u5bff\u2014\u2014\u5e86\u8d3a\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u5148\u751f\u767e\u5c81\u5bff\u8fb0 \u50cf\u6211\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e74\u8f7b\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u5c0f\u867e\u7c73\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u4e86\u89e3\u65e0\u975e\u53ea\u662f\u4e66\u672c\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u3002\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7531\u4e0e\u4ed6\u957f\u671f\u4eb2\u5bc6\u76f8\u5904\u8fc7\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u8bb2\u53d9\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e24\u5929\u624d\u8bfb\u5230\u3002\u91cc\u9762\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u201d\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u5148\u751f\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u4e3a\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u526f\u6240\u957f\u548c\u6559\u7814\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u662f\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u79d1\u65e2\u9700\u8981\u5316\u5b66\u53c8\u9700\u8981\u7269\u7406\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff1a \u5728\u6d3e\u4eba\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u53d6\u7ecf\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u5e26\u9886\u540c\u4e8b\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u201c\u8fb9\u5e72\u8fb9\u5b66\u201d\u3002\u8bf7\u6570\u5b66\u7cfb\u8001\u5e08\u8bb2\u5fae\u79ef\u5206\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4eb2\u81ea\u4e0a\u53f0\u6559\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u6307\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f\u9605\u8bfb\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7ecf\u5178\u7814\u7a76\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5f15\u8fdb\u5b66\u672f\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u5e74\u8f7b\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u624d\u80fd\uff0c\u521d\u6b65\u642d\u5efa\u8d77\u590d\u65e6\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6559\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5251\uff0c\u300a\u98ce\u8f7b\u4e91\u6de1\u4ec1\u8005\u5bff\u2014\u2014\u5e86\u8d3a\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u5148\u751f\u767e\u5c81\u5bff\u8fb0\u300b \u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u7ae0\u751a\u81f3\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199\uff1a \u63a5\u53d7\u4efb\u547d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u65e9\u5c31\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u548c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5de5\u827a\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u878d\u4f1a\u8d2f\u901a\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u548c\u79d1\u7814\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u4f46\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6559\u7814\u5ba4\u5185\u5bf9\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u90fd\u5f88\u964c\u751f\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u8981\u8bf4\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u624d\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u4e0b\u5b9a\u51b3\u5fc3\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5e26\u5934\u53bb\u641e\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u3002 \u8981\u641e\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u78b0\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u7684\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u5b66\u7d20\u6765\u662f\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u7684\u77ed\u677f\u3002\u9ad8\u8003\u65f6\uff0c\u9ad8\u7b49\u4ee3\u6570\u4e09\u89d2\u4e00\u95e8\uff0c\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u4ec5\u5f97\u4e8624\u5206\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u51e0\u4f55\u4ec542\u5206\uff1b\u5927\u5b66\u91cc\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u521d\u7b49\u5fae\u79ef\u5206\u4e0e\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u521a\u597d\u53ca\u683c\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f97\u5206\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u89e3\u51b3\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u5df2\u8fc7\u4e0d\u60d1\u4e4b\u5e74\u7684\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u81ea\u5b66\u8865\u8bfe\uff0c\u5e76\u7387\u5148\u5728\u6559\u7814\u7ec4\u7ed9\u9752\u5e74\u6559\u5e08\u8bb2\u89e3\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u5230\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u590d\u65e6\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u79d1\u662f\u5728\u201c\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u201d\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u4ed3\u4fc3\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u5e08\u8d44\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u62bd\u51fa12\u540d\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u4e09\u5e74\u7ea7\u7684\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u524d\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u7559\u6821\u5145\u5f53\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u6559\u5e08\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u3001\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u6c5f\u660e\u6b63\u662f\u8fd912\u540d\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6c5f\u660e\u9662\u58eb\u56de\u5fc6\u8bf4\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u79d1\u5efa\u7acb\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u66fe\u4e13\u95e8\u8bf7\u6765\u6570\u5b66\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u4e0a\u8bfe\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u8bfb\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u4fc4\u6587\u4e13\u8457\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u96be\u8bfb\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5e26\u7740\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u8d77\u8bfb\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u4e0d\u61c2\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5c31\u8bf7\u6570\u5b66\u7cfb\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002 \u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u8fd8\u4eb2\u81ea\u5e26\u7740\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u67e5\u9605\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u8d44\u6599\u90fd\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u7248\uff0c\u53ef\u5927\u5bb6\u5b66\u7684\u662f\u4fc4\u8bed\uff0c\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\u3002\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u603b\u662f\u4e0d\u538c\u5176\u70e6\u5730\u4e00\u53e5\u53e5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u518d\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002\u5230\u4e861959\u5e74\u51ac\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u4e13\u95e8\u5f00\u529e\u4e86\u82f1\u6587\u7a81\u51fb\u73ed\uff0c\u6559\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bd2\u5047\uff0c\u5e2e\u5927\u5bb6\u6253\u4e0b\u9605\u8bfb\u82f1\u8bed\u6587\u732e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u867d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u7684\u5728\u518c\u5f1f\u5b50\uff0c\u6c5f\u660e\u9662\u58eb\u4e5f\u603b\u8bf4\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u201c\u4ed6\u771f\u6b63\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u79d1\u5b66\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u5f15\u8def\u4eba\u201d\u3002 \u2014\u2014\u65b9\u827e\u9752\uff0c\u300a\u201c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5148\u751f\u201d\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u300b \u4e8c \u6211\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u957f\u671f\u9047\u5230\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece\u8d70\u8fdb\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u6216\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u603b\u662f\u5148\u5929\u6027\u5730\u611f\u5230\u5e95\u6c14\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u4ece\u5916\u4eba\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5174\u8da3\u6602\u7136\u5730\u4e00\u8def\u5b66\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5185\u5fc3\u6bcf\u6bcf\u9700\u8981\u62ff\u51fa\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\u3002\u6211\u7684\u8fd9\u70b9\u5b66\u4e60\u7ecf\u5386\u8ddf\u4e8e\u540c\u9690\u7684\u4e30\u529f\u4f1f\u7ee9\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f8\u63d0\u5e76\u8bba\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8b\u8ff9\u5bf9\u6211\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u9f13\u52b1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4e5f\u8bb0\u53d9\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b66\u4e60\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u548c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u501f\u6b64\u673a\u4f1a\u611f\u8c22\u6559\u80b2\u8fc7\u6211\u7684\u51e0\u4f4d\u6069\u5e08\u3002 \u6211\u672c\u79d1\u5c31\u8bfb\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u662f\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u662f\u4e2a\u5f88\u4ea4\u53c9\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u90fd\u5341\u5206\u8584\u5f31\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u662f\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u95e8\u8bfe\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b66\u671f\u5185\u4e0a\u5b8c\u7684\u3002\u8bfe\u7a0b\u9009\u7528\u7684\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u6211\u9605\u8bfb\u7406\u89e3\u8d77\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u671f\u672b\u6ca1\u6709\u6302\u79d1\uff0c\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4e13\u4e1a\u5c31\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u6253\u4e0b\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u6570\u5b66\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u4e5f\u6839\u636e\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u5de5\u7a0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u7535\u5b50\uff08\u505a\u533b\u7528\u4eea\u5668\u3001\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7b49\uff09\u3001\u751f\u7269\uff08\u7ec6\u80de\u57f9\u517b\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5de5\u7a0b\uff09\u548c\u6750\u6599\u5b66\uff08\u751f\u7269\u533b\u7528\u6750\u6599\uff09\u7b49\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u9700\u8981\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5c5e\u4e09\u5927\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u6211\u56de\u60f3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7cfb\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4ecd\u7136\u90fd\u662f\u5916\u884c\uff0c\u505a\u6bd5\u8bbe\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u58c1\u5792\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u540c\u5b66\u90fd\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u4e13\u4e1a\u524d\u666f\u201d\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6bd5\u8bbe\u8bfe\u9898\u548c\u9762\u5bf9\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u518d\u8865\u4e60\u3002\u4e5f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u7c7b\u7684\u9898\u76ee\u548c\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u662f\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\uff08\u517b\u7ec6\u80de\u5f88\u597d\u73a9\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u201c21\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u201d\uff09\u3002\u800c\u6211\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6211\u5bf9\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u9898\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u6b23\u8d4f\u7684\u8c22\u5fb7\u660e\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u805a\u4e73\u9178\u7684\u5408\u6210\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u73af\u7cca\u7cbe\u4e0e\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5305\u5408\u7269\u521a\u521a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ed6\u60f3\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u7cca\u7cbe\u7684\u5305\u5408\u6765\u6539\u5584\u805a\u4e73\u9178\u7684\u4eb2\u6c34\u6027\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u505a\u4e86\u7684\u53ea\u80fd\u7b97\u662f\u805a\u5408\u548c\u8868\u5f81\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u548c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u666e\u901a\u7684\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u505a\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u9996\u6b21\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5708\u5b50\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u542f\u8499\u201d\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u8c22\u8001\u5e08\u5b9a\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u6c47\u62a5\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u732e\u7684\u6536\u83b7\u8fdb\u884c\u70b9\u8bc4\uff0c\u4e5f\u6307\u5f15\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u6587\u732e\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u732e\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u4e2d\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6b20\u7f3a\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u8f6c\u800c\u9605\u8bfb\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4e13\u8457\u751a\u81f3\u6559\u6750\u3002\u6211\u5f53\u65f6\u4e5f\u8fd8\u7b97\u7528\u5fc3\uff0c\u5728\u805a\u4e73\u9178\u7684\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u9762\u67e5\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u79cd\u50ac\u5316\u673a\u7406\uff0c\u8c22\u8001\u5e08\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5c31\u6b64\u8868\u626c\u4e86\u6211\u3002\u4f46\u6700\u8ba9\u6211\u53d7\u76ca\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u7684\u9f13\u52b1\uff08\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u6211\u8fd9\u4eba\u8868\u626c\u4e0d\u5f97\uff0c\u4e00\u8868\u626c\u5c31\u4f1a\u98d8\u98d8\u7136\uff0c\u60c5\u5546\u5f88\u5dee\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u79f0\u8d5e\u7684\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u7814\u7a76\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bfe\u9898\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u8ba9\u6211\u81f3\u4eca\u53d7\u7528\u3002 \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u8c22\u8001\u5e08\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u505a\u672c\u79d1\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u540e\u6765\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8d70\u4e0a\u79d1\u7814\u4e4b\u8def\u7684\u7f18\u7531\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u7f18\u7531\u3002\u5728\u672c\u79d1\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u65e9\u5c31\u6e05\u695a\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u751f\u7269\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u8584\u5f31\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ddf\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u76f8\u6bd4\u3002\u4f46\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7ecf\u5386\u8ba9\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u9ad8\u6df1\u800c\u6709\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u5b66\u95ee\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6bd4\u8d77\u517b\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u6211\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u201c\u5b66\u95ee\u611f\u201d\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u79d1\u3002 \u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u8003\u7814\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4fe1\u8a93\u65e6\u65e6\u5730\u8981\u62a5\u8003\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7cfb\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u7cfb\u7684\u8003\u7814\u4e13\u4e1a\u8bfe\u6765\u590d\u4e60\uff08\u4e00\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\uff09\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8003\u7814\u590d\u4e60\u7684\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u624d\u7b97\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u8ba4\u771f\u548c\u624e\u5b9e\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e09\u95e8\u8bfe\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u53bb\u4e66\u5e97\u627e\u5230\u8003\u8bd5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6559\u6750\u3002\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u590d\u65e6\u6307\u5357\u4e2d\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u6211\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u80e1\u82f1\u7684\u3001\u97e9\u5fb7\u521a\u7b49\u7684\u548c\u5085\u732e\u5f69\u7b49\u7684\u4e09\u5957\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u4f5c\u5168\u9762\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5e94\u4ed8\u5168\u56fd\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4efd\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u8003\u5377\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u56de\u60f3\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u6765\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\u8fd9\u6837\u5e94\u4ed8\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u77e5\u5929\u9ad8\u5730\u539a\u5427\u3002\u4f46\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u76ee\u6807\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u6253\u4e0b\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u7136\u800c\u672c\u79d1\u300a\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u300b\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u79bb\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u7406\u56fe\u8c61\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u4ee5\u53ca\u7269\u7406\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u7684\u3002\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u300b\u548c\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\uff08\u4fee\u8ba2\u7248\uff09\u300b\u3002\u524d\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c11\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u8ddf\u6f58\u7956\u4ec1\u7684\u6a59\u76ae\u4e66\u4e24\u672c\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\u7684\u3002\u800c\u540e\u8005\u5c31\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u90a3\u672c\u7eff\u76ae\u4e66\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u90e8\u5206\u6211\u5c31\u53ea\u770b\u8fd9\u672c\u3002 \u9634\u5dee\u9633\u9519\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6211\u5bb6\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u7adf\u7136\u8981\u62a5\u8003\u91cd\u70b9\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u529d\u6211\u4e0d\u8981\u5192\u9669\uff0c\u6211\u542c\u4ece\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u771f\u590d\u4e60\u4e86\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7cfb\u7684\u8003\u8bd5\u4e13\u4e1a\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u67e5\u4e86\u4e00\u5708\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u8fd1\u5728\u8eab\u65c1\u534e\u5357\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u6709\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u8003\u8bd5\u4e13\u4e1a\u8ddf\u590d\u65e6\u7684\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6309\u539f\u8ba1\u5212\u590d\u4e60\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u62a5\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u62a5\u8003\u4e86\u534e\u5357\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u4e0e\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u65e0\u7f18\u3002\u540e\u6765\u6211\u8fd8\u7279\u610f\u6253\u542c\u4e86\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u62db\u751f\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u542c\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u90fd\u6ca1\u62db\u6ee1\uff0c\u5c31\u5dee1\u4eba\uff0c\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u60f3\u8d77\u6765\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u5fc3\u6709\u621a\u621a\u3002 \u4e09 \u5728\u534e\u5357\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u6211\u6765\u5230\u4e86\u8d75\u8000\u660e\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u3002\u8d75\u8001\u5e08\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5316\u7ea4\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8001\u524d\u8f88\uff0c\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u4e5f\u4ee5\u5316\u7ea4\u52a0\u5de5\u8bfe\u9898\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u90a3\u51e0\u5e74\u4e5f\u4e00\u76f4\u8fdb\u884c\u751f\u7269\u533b\u7528\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5c31\u5b89\u6392\u6211\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u70b9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u6211\u5374\u7279\u522b\u60f3\u628a\u6211\u672c\u79d1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u7684\u73af\u7cca\u7cbe\u5305\u5408\u7ee7\u7eed\u505a\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u8ddf\u8d75\u8001\u5e08\u8bf4\u8981\u505a\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u8fd8\u52aa\u529b\u5730\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u6587\u732e\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed9\u8d75\u8001\u5e08\u3002\u4ed6\u770b\u6211\u8fd9\u4e48\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u505a\u505a\u770b\u3002\u5230\u5934\u6765\uff0c\u8ddf\u5f53\u521d\u672c\u79d1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0a\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ec0\u4e48\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7855\u58eb\u8bfe\u9898\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4f7f\u6211\u5728\u77e5\u8bc6\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6709\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u673a\u3002 \u6211\u4ece\u8bfb\u7814\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u4e00\u5f8b\u53ea\u770b\u82f1\u6587\u6559\u6750\u3002\u90fd\u662f\u5927\u90e8\u5934\u3002\u6211\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u201c\u8fb9\u5e72\u8fb9\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e66\u90fd\u5e26\u5728\u8eab\u8fb9\uff0c\u5728\u53cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3001\u98df\u5802\u5403\u996d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u4e0a\u5395\u6240\u8e72\u5751\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u638f\u51fa\u6765\u770b\u3002\u8bf4\u51fa\u6765\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u96c5\uff0c\u6211\u80a0\u52a8\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u4fbf\u79d8\u3002\u522b\u4eba\u4e0a\u5395\u6240\u5f88\u5e72\u8106\uff0c\u6211\u4e00\u8e72\u8981\u534a\u5929\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5927\u90e8\u5934\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u8e72\u5751\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u770b\u6389\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5927\u90e8\u5934\u5305\u62ecAtkin\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\uff0cIsaacs Neil\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5b66\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u672c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u6709\u673a\u5408\u6210\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u7684\u5916\u6587\u6559\u6750\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u540e\u6765\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u4e66\u5e97\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u5f97\u5356\u5c31\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u5f88\u8d35\u7684\u5f71\u5370\u7248\uff0c\u800c\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u9605\u89c8\u5ba4\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u672c\uff0c\u80fd\u501f\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5f00\u67b6\u4e66\u5e93\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u6700\u7ec8\u62ff\u6765\u770b\u7684\u6559\u6750\u540e\u6765\u624d\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u90fd\u5174\u81f4\u52c3\u52c3\u5730\uff08\u4e5f\u4f3c\u61c2\u975e\u61c2\u5730\uff09\u5543\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e66\u5bf9\u6211\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u7855\u58eb\u671f\u95f4\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u6765\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u6821\u8bfb\u4e66\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6765\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u3002 \u552f\u4e00\u5bf9\u6211\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u662fVogel's Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\u6211\u9996\u6b21\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u201c\u6b63\u89c4\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u65b9\u9762\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5728\u6211\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6211\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e0a\u77e5\u9053\u201c\u5347\u534e\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd\u7eaf\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u5177\u4f53\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5347\u5316\u6211\u7684\u5355\u4f53\u7279\u522b\u7eaf\uff0c\u53c8\u52a0\u4e0a\u6309\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u642d\u7684\u65e0\u6c34\u65e0\u6c27\u53cd\u5e94\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u7855\u58eb\u671f\u95f4\u505a\u7684\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6210\u529f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u6211\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u73af\u7cca\u7cbe\u5305\u5408\u7269\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5374\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u548c\u5d4c\u6bb5\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7a84\u5206\u5e03\u6837\u54c1\u3002\u5728\u7855\u58eb\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u53bb\u62ff\u6211\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6837\u54c1\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u5806DSC\u51d1\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\u8fd9\u5806DSC\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u6211\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6574\u4e2a\u7855\u58eb\u90fd\u5728\u770b\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5374\u8d70\u8fdb\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5927\u95e8\u7684\u673a\u7f18\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u60f3\u5728\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u91cc\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u8bf4\u660e\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u5728\u67e5\u6587\u732e\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c31\u67e5\u5230\u4e86\u5e73\u8861\u7194\u70b9\u6cd5\u6d4b\u5171\u6df7\u805a\u5408\u7269\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6587\u732e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u662f\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u7269\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f53\u7cfb\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff1f\u6211\u5c31\u67e5\u5230\u4e86\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u770b\u5230Flory\u7b49\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u9f3b\u7956\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u9996\u6b21\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6559\u6750\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4eba\u540d\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8bba\u6587\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u770b\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u300b\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u627e\u8fc7\u8bfe\u672c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8fc7\u520a\uff081997\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff09\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6211\u53c8\u8fd8\u4e0d\u61c2\u53bb\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u67e5\u7eb8\u7248\u3002\u540e\u6765\u7855\u58eb\u671f\u95f4\u770bIssacs Neils\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5b66\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u61c2\u5f97\u53bb\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u67e5\u7eb8\u7248\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u4eb2\u773c\u770b\u8fc7\u201cLewis\u78b1\u201d\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4f4dLewis\u3001\u201cBr\u00f8nsted\u9178\u201d\u7684\u90a3\u4f4dBr\u00f8nsted\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u59cb\u8bba\u6587\u5bf9\u6211\u89e6\u52a8\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u6211\u611f\u89c9\u6211\u6e3a\u5c0f\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u8ddf\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8054\u7cfb\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u7855\u58eb\u6bd5\u8bbe\u671f\u95f4\u770b\u5230\u7684Flory\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6548\u679c\u5219\u5f88\u5b9e\u9645\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8ba9\u6211\u53c8\u75af\u72c2\u5730\u91cd\u65b0\u7ffb\u8d77\u4e86\u300a\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u300b\u8bfe\u672c\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u53ef\u601c\u7684\u90a3\u51e0\u9875\uff08\u8fd8\u987a\u5e26\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u80e1\u82f1\u7248\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u9519\u8bef\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u8ba9\u6211\u9996\u6b21\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u5c31\u662f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff09\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u60f3\u8981\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u3001\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u4ec5\u770b\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u5d4c\u6bb5\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd8\u770b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5173\u4e8e\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u80f6\u675f\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 \u5177\u4f53\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u505a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u5806DSC\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u770b\u4e86R. Scott\u6839\u636eFLory-Huggins\u4f3c\u6676\u683c\u6a21\u578b\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u4e8c\u7ec4\u5206\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6df7\u5408\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08J. Chem. Phys. 1949, 17:279\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caT. Nishi\u7b49\u5411\u6db2\u56fa\u4e24\u76f8\u5171\u5b58\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\uff08Macromolecules 1975, 8:909\uff09\uff0c\u628a\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u80fd\u67e5\u5230\u7684\u7269\u6027\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u67e5\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\uff08\u4e5f\u662f\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u529f\u592b\uff09\uff0c\u62df\u5408\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u805a\u4e73\u9178\u4e0e\u805a\u4e59\u4e8c\u9187\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u03c712\uff0c\u662f\u4e2a\u8d1f\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u805a\u4e73\u9178\u548c\u805a\u4e59\u4e8c\u9187\u5728\u7194\u878d\u6001\u662f\u76f8\u5bb9\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4f4e\u6e29\u4e0b\u7684\u7684\u76f8\u5206\u79bb\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5148\u7ed3\u6676\u7684\u805a\u4e73\u9178\u628a\u805a\u4e59\u4e8c\u9187\u5f80\u5916\u6392\uff08\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u91cd\u7ed3\u6676\u7684\u7eaf\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6db2-\u6db2\u76f8\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u503c\u548c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba\u90fd\u662f\u67e5\u4e0d\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u67e5\u4e0d\u5230\u201d\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u5f53\u65f6\u53cd\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e95\u6c14\uff0c\u5c31\u53ea\u5199\u5728\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bba\u6587\u91cc\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u56de\u60f3\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u6837\u54c1\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5f88\u624e\u5b9e\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4f9d\u636e\u4e5f\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u201c\u67e5\u4e0d\u5230\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u8868\u3002 \u6574\u4e2a\u7855\u58eb\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u8981\u975e\u5e38\u611f\u8c22\u7684\u662f\u8d75\u8000\u660e\u8001\u5e08\u3002\u6211\u5f53\u65f6\u7279\u522b\u575a\u6301\u6211\u4ece\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u7531\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5e7c\u7a1a\u60f3\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5427\u3002\u4f46\u8d75\u8001\u5e08\u53ea\u4f1a\u8bb2\u4e00\u3001\u4e24\u53e5\u59d4\u5a49\u7684\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u5019\u592a\u8fc7\u59d4\u5a49\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8fd8\u662f\u7531\u5f97\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u78b0\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c14\u5ea6\u540e\u6765\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u8ba9\u6211\u81ea\u89c9\u5730\u6536\u655b\u548c\u865a\u5fc3\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e5f\u7ed9\u4e86\u6211\u5f88\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u778e\u6298\u817e\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u624d\u8ba9\u6211\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u771f\u6b63\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u8d9f\u5f00\u4e86\u672a\u6765\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6"","block_context":{"text":"\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/featured"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":9332,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/9332","url_meta":{"origin":9231,"position":3},"title":"\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e5\u672c\u540d\u5b57","author":"Andrew","date":"2025\u5e7412\u670822\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66 \u6c34\u5c9b\u4e09\u4e00\u90ce\uff08Mizushima Sanichiro\uff09\u5728Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u65e5\u672c\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u4ece\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65e5\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u8ddf\u897f\u65b9\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u600e\u4e48\u53cd\u601d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e2d\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u4ed6\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u4efb\u9e3f\u96bd\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u4ed6\u597d\u50cf\u8bef\u4f1a\u4e86\u4efb\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u58eb\u3002\u6211\u624b\u5934\u4e0a\u6709\u4efb\u9e3f\u96bd\u7684\u6587\u96c6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8868\u8ff0\u4e86\u6c34\u5c9b\u4e09\u4e00\u6717\u5f15\u8ff0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u6c34\u5c9b\u4e09\u4e00\u90ce\u7684\u5f15\u8ff0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u6587\u5316\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5f3a\u8c03\u201dwhat to do over what to know\u201c\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63cf\u8ff0\u5341\u5206\u7cbe\u786e\u800c\u4e14\u60b2\u5267\u6027\u5730\u7edf\u6cbb\u81f3\u4eca\u3002\u4efb\u9e3f\u96bd\u786e\u5b9e\u5728\u300a\u5efa\u7acb\u5b66\u754c\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a \u56fd\u4eba\u5411\u5b66\u4e4b\u8bda\u3002\u81ea\u8fd1\u4e16\u79d1\u5b66\u4e4b\u672f\u3002\u6108\u76ca\u53d1\u8fbe\u3002\u51e1\u4eba\u7fa4\u6240\u5f85\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7528\u4e4b\u667a\u8bc6\u3002\u6709\u6761\u7406\u4f26\u810a\u53ef\u62bd\u7ece\u8005\u3002\u83ab\u4e0d\u5217\u4e3a\u4e13\u79d1\u3002\u4ece\u4e8b\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u660e\u800c\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002\u7384\u800c\u54f2\u7406\u6570\u672f\u3002\u5927\u800c\u5efa\u8239\u7b51\u8def\u3002\u7ec6\u800c\u65e5\u7528\u670d\u98df\u3002\u7686\u5f97\u4e8e\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u5360\u4e00\u5e2d\u7109\u3002\u5176\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u65e8\u3002\u591a\u5728\u81f4\u7528\u3002\u81f4\u7528\u4e4b\u6781\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6709\u6d45\u5c1d\u80a4\u53d7\u3002\u5f97\u4e00\u80fd\u81ea\u7ed9\u3002\u5145\u7136\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8db3\u3002\u800c\u65e0\u590d\u6df1\u9020\u4e4b\u60f3\u8005\u3002\u592b\u4eca\u4e4b\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u5176\u672c\u80fd\u5728\u6c42\u771f\u3002\u5176\u65c1\u80fd\u5728\u81f4\u7528\u3002\u4e0a\u6cbb\u4e4b\u56fd\u3002\u5176\u5236\u5ea6\u5398\u7136\u3002\u7269\u8d28\u707f\u70c2\u8005\u3002\u65e0\u975e\u98df\u79d1\u5b66\u4e4b\u8d50\u3002\u81f4\u7528\u4e4b\u65e0\u5bb3\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u53c8\u4f55\u5f85\u8a00\u3002\u987e\u65e0\u59d4\u5fc3\u4e13\u5fd7\u3002\u53d1\u6124\u5fd8\u98df\u4e4b\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u79ef\u5176\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e4b\u52e4\u3002\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e4b\u52b3\u3002\u601d\u8fa8\u4e4b\u80fd\u3002\u4e3a\u4e4b\u8bbe\u7acb\u516c\u4f8b\u3002\u542f\u793a\u5927\u51e1\u3002\u4ee4\u540e\u4eba\u5f97\u5faa\u5e8f\u6e10\u520a\u4ee5\u62b5\u9ad8\u660e\u4e4b\u57df\u3002\u5219\u8fd1\u4e16\u6b27\u6d32\u5b66\u754c\u3002\u4ecd\u5982\u4e2d\u4e16\u4e4b\u9ed1\u6697\u53ef\u4e5f\u3002\u662f\u6545\u5efa\u7acb\u5b66\u754c\u4e4b\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u4e3a\u5b66\u800c\u5b66\u3002\u4e50\u4ee5\u7ec8\u8eab\u4e4b\u54f2\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u4e0d\u5728\u591a\u6570\u4e3a\u5229\u800c\u5b66\u3002\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e3a\u5e02\u4e4b\u534e\u58eb\u3002\u5f7c\u8eab\u4e8b\u95ee\u5b66\u3002\u5fc3\u8426\u597d\u7235\u3002\u4ee5\u5b66\u672f\u4e3a\u68af\u8363\u81f3\u663e\u4e4b\u5177\u3002\u5f97\u4e4b\u5219\u5f03\u82e5\u655d\u5c63\u3002\u7edd\u7136\u4e0d\u590d\u53cd\u987e\u8005\u3002\u5176\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e0e\u5b66\u95ee\u4e4b\u4e8b\u660e\u77e3\u3002 \u6c34\u5c9b\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5f15\u5165\u897f\u65b9\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u66ff\u6362\u8001\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5728\u660e\u6cbb\u7ef4\u65b0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u5708\u5c31\u5e38\u8bf4\u8981\u201c Japanese spirit and Western technology\u201d\uff0c\u9887\u4f3c\u6211\u56fd\u6e05\u672b\u6d0b\u52a1\u8fd0\u52a8\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e3a\u4f53\u3001\u897f\u5b66\u4e3a\u7528\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u8ddf\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5bf9\u660e\u6cbb\u7ef4\u65b0\u201c\u5168\u76d8\u897f\u5316\u201d\u3001\u63a8\u884c\u201c\u6b27\u5316\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8131\u4e9a\u5165\u6b27\u201d\u7684\u8bc4\u5224\u76f8\u5de6\u3002\u6709\u8bf4\uff0c\u300a\u8131\u4e9a\u8bba\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u867d\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u660e\u6cbb\u5341\u516b\u5e74\uff081885\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u6587\u81ea\u662d\u548c26\u5e74\uff081951\u5e74\uff09\u4ee5\u540e\u624d\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6c11\u95f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6d41\u4f20\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e76\u672a\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\u53ca\u660e\u6cbb\u7ef4\u65b0\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5e26\u6765\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4f46\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5e76\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u300a\u671d\u91ce\u65b0\u95fb\u300b\u5728\u8131\u4e9a\u8bba\u4e00\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u540e\uff0c\u9488\u950b\u76f8\u5bf9\u5730\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u793e\u8bba\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4e2d\u65e5\u4e24\u56fd\u80fd\u5e73\u7b49\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u300a\u65f6\u4e8b\u65b0\u62a5\u300b\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5bf9\u6e05\u5f00\u6218\u8bba\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u300a\u671d\u91ce\u65b0\u95fb\u300b\u5bf9\u201c\u8131\u4e9a\u8bba\u201d\u7684\u53cd\u9a73\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5f88\u5feb\u4fbf\u6e6e\u6ca1\u5728\u4e86\u8511\u89c6\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u4e3b\u5f20\u5f00\u6218\u7684\u5f3a\u786c\u8206\u8bba\u58f0\u97f3\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002 \u65e5\u672c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236\u4e0e\u7ef4\u5c3c\u7eb6 \u685c\u7530\u4e00\u90ce\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236\u30021928\u5e74\u7559\u5b66\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u5148\u5e08\u4eceW. Ostwald\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u8ddfK. Hess\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e74\u4efd\u6b63\u662fStaudinger\u7684\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u4e89\u8bae\u4e2d\u9010\u6e10\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u8282\u9aa8\u773c\u3002Hess\u662f\u4f4e\u5206\u5b50\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u575a\u6301\u8005\u3002\u4f46\u685c\u7530\u56de\u56fd\u540e\u5374\u6210\u4e86\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u8005\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u672c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u2014\u2014\u5009\u6577\u7d79\u7e54\uff08\u73b0\u53ef\u4e50\u4e3d\uff09\u7684\u53cb\u6210\u4e5d\u5341\u4e5d\uff0c\u4e5f\u662fHess\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u3002\u5728\u4f4e\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u8bf4\u8005\u90a3\u91cc\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u56de\u6765\u90fd\u6210\u4e86\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4eba\u3002 \u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5316\u7ea4\u5de5\u4e1a\u5f88\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u662f\u685c\u7530\u4e00\u90ce\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u79ef\u7d2f\u548c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u30021938\u5e74\uff08\u662d\u548c13\u5e74\uff0910\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u675c\u90a6\u5ba3\u5e03\u201c\u4eba\u9020\u4e1d\u201d\uff08\u5c3c\u9f99\uff09\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u8695\u4e1d\u5bf9\u7f8e\u51fa\u53e3\u91cf\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u5916\u6c47\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u5728\u519b\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u201c\u5bcc\u56fd\u5f3a\u5175\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6b63\u6025\u7740\u4ece\u519c\u4e1a\u56fd\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u5de5\u4e1a\u56fd\uff0c\u8981\u9760\u8695\u4e1d\u51fa\u53e3\u6323\u7684\u5916\u6c47\u6765\u4e70\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u673a\u5668\u3001\u4eea\u5668\u4e43\u81f3\u6b66\u5668\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5c3c\u9f99\u7684\u95ee\u4e16\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u6269\u5f20\u51b2\u51fb\u5f88\u5927\u3002 \u5c3c\u9f99\u95ee\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u685c\u7530\u867d\u9a6c\u4e0a\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c3c\u9f99X\u5c04\u7ebf\u884d\u5c04\u5206\u6790\u5176\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u8f6c\u800c\u7814\u7a76\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u9187\u4e3a\u539f\u6599\u7684\u7ea4\u7ef4\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u79ef\u7d2f\u3002\u671d\u9c9c\u7684\u674e\u5347\u57fa\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5c31\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u9187\u7684\u7682\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u539f\u6599\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u9187\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5df2\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bd5\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u4e14\u65e5\u672c\u5df2\u638c\u63e1\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6e7f\u6cd5\u7eba\u4e1d\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u9187\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6c34\u6eb6\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7ea4\u7ef4\u4ea7\u4e1a\u73b0\u72b6\u3002\u685c\u7530\u4e0e\u672c\u5347\u57fa\u8fd8\u6709\u5ddd\u4e0a\u535a\u7b49\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u826f\u919b\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u53c8\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u7eba\u540e\u7684\u8010\u6c34\u6027\uff08\u6240\u4ee5\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u805a\u4e59\u4e8c\u9187\u7f29\u919b\uff09\u5c31\u5728\u5c3c\u9f99\u95ee\u4e16\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u9187\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5de5\u827a\u7531\u674e\u5347\u57fa\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5316\u5b66\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u3002\u5f53\u8bb0\u8005\u95fb\u8baf\u8be2\u95ee\u65b0\u7ea4\u7ef4\u540d\u79f0\u65f6\uff0c\u685c\u7530\u5f53\u573a\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u53f7\u201d\u3002\u800c\u201c\u7ef4\u5c3c\u7eb6\u201d\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u674e\u5347\u57fa\u56de\u56fd\u540e\u8d77\u7684\u201c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7eb6\u201d\u540d\u79f0\u3002 1945\u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u6218\u8d25\u540e\uff0c\u97e9\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u9646\u7eed\u8fd4\u56fd\uff0c\u674e\u5347\u57fa\u5728\u6218\u540e\u62c5\u4efb\u9996\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u97e9\u56fd\u5f53\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u89c6\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u5de5\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u91cf\u4ea7\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u674e\u5347\u57fa\u5bf9\u7f8e\u519b\u519b\u7ba1\u9996\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5341\u5206\u53cd\u611f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u540e\u4e8e\u671d\u9c9c\u4eba\u6c11\u519b\u653b\u5360\u6c49\u57ce\u65f6\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u671d\u9c9c\u7684\u5ef6\u63fd\uff0c\u5317\u4e0a\u5e73\u58e4\u3002 \u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u505c\u706b\u540e\uff0c\u671d\u9c9c\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u5165\u91cd\u5efa\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u674e\u5347\u57fa\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u671d\u9c9c\u5236\u9020\u7ef4\u5c3c\u7eb6\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u671d\u9c9c\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u548c\u571f\u5730\u9762\u79ef\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u79cd\u690d\u68c9\u82b1\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5927\u91cf\u7f8a\u6bdb\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u82cf\u8054\u7b49\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u68c9\u82b1\u548c\u7f8a\u6bdb\uff0c\u671d\u9c9c\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u4eba\u9020\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u89c6\u30021961\u5e745\u67086\u65e5\uff0c2.8\u7ef4\u5c3c\u7eb6\u8054\u5408\u4f01\u4e1a\u6240\u5728\u54b8\u5174\u5e02\u5f00\u5de5\u6295\u4ea7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6210\u5c31\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u601d\u60f3\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u5178\u8303\u800c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u7ef4\u5c3c\u7eb6\u7531\u6b64\u88ab\u671d\u9c9c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e3b\u4f53\u7ea4\u7ef4\u201d\uff0c\u9664\u53bb\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u8863\u7269\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u978b\u3001\u7ef3\u7d22\u548c\u88ab\u8925\uff0c\u5728\u671d\u9c9c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u30021983\u5e74\uff0c\u671d\u9c9c\u53c8\u5728\u987a\u5ddd\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5bb6\u5927\u578b\u7ef4\u5c3c\u7eb6\u5de5\u5382\u3002 \u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5 \u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ee51951\u5e74Flory\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6559\u6750\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\u201c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u201d\u7684\u5206\u6c34\u5cad\u3002\u5927\u7ea6\u57281951\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5316\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u3002\u867d\u7136Mooney\u5728\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u5c31\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u6a61\u80f6\u5f39\u6027\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662fRivlin\u572850\u5e74\u4ee3\u4f5c\u4e86\u6570\u5b66\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e25\u683c\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u8c61\u5316\u7ed3\u8bba\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u538b\u7f29\u6750\u6599\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4e2a\u522b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5f62\u53d8\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u76f4\u5230Ogden\u572870\u5e74\u4ee3\u518d\u6b21\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ee5Flory\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u754c\u8c8c\u4f3c\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u89c6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u4ecd\u7136\u89c6Mooney--Rivlin\u6a21\u578b\u4e3a\u201c\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u57fa\u7840\u201d\u3002\u5f88\u9057\u61be\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53eb\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u6559\u6750\u4e2d\uff01\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6e90\u81ea\u975e\u7406\u60f3\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u591a\u4f53\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b66\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u719f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\u6210\u679c\u5f88\u5feb\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f60\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u53d1\u5c55\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u8f6f\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5f53\u5e74Flory\u5145\u5f53\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u65c1\u89c2\u7684\u3001\u6279\u5224\u7684\uff1b\u4ec5\u5076\u5c14\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u6211\u56fd\u73b0\u884c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u6559\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\u5bf9\u4e8eFlory\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ea\u91cd\u89c6\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684de Gennes\u7684\u6807\u5ea6\u7406\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u53ea\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u73a9\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u56fd\u5185\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u8005\u4e5f\u6ca1\u201c\u73a9\u201d\u660e\u767d\u3002\u82e5\u8bf4de Gennes\u628a\u94fe\u770b\u4f5c\u5206\u5f62\u4ece\u800c\u4ee5\u4e34\u754c\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b\u82f1\u56fd\u7684Edwards\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u628a\u94fe\u770b\u4f5c\u53ef\u6c42\u5f27\u957f\uff08retifiable\uff09\u7684\u5149\u6ed1\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7528\u53d8\u5206\u6cd5\u548c\u8def\u5f84\u79ef\u5206\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u540e\u8005\u54fa\u80b2\u4e86\u81ea\u6d3d\u573a\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5219\u662f\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u63a5\uff08straight-forward\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002 50\u5e74\u4ee3\u59cb\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7814\u7a76 \u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5bfa\u672c\u82f1\uff08Ei Teramoto\uff09\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u628a\u96c6\u56e2\u79ef\u5206\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u5165\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u57281951~1952\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u96c6\u4e2d\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u771f\u5b9e\u94fe\uff08\u4f53\u79ef\u6392\u9664\u6548\u5e94\uff09\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u5e26\u9886\u5c71\u672c\u4e09\u4e09\u4e09\uff08Misazo Yamamoto\uff09\u548c\u677e\u7530\u535a\u55e3\uff08Matsuda Hirotsugu\uff09\u505a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u683c\u5b50\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u53c8\u5305\u62ec\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u7269\u6027\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u9886\u5148\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u3002 50\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5728\u683c\u5b50\u94fe\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u65e9\u57281941\u5e74Bethe\u4f5c\u4e86\u201c\u51c6\u5316\u5b66\u8fd1\u4f3c\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u540c\u5e74\u9ad8\u6728\u8c4a\uff08Yutaka Takagi\uff09\u5c31\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6570\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u8bb0\u4e8b\u7b2c3\u671f\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5e38\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4e3a\u201cBethe--\u9ad8\u6728\u8fd1\u4f3c\u201d\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e3\u7ef4\u683c\u5b50\u94fe\u7684\u5404\u7c7b\u975e\u5e73\u5747\u573a\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u81ea30\u5e74\u4ee3\u5728Fowler\u3001 Guggenheim\u548c\u6211\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f20\u5b97\u71e7\uff08\u89c1\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff09\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u572840\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b50\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u6768\u632f\u5b81\u3001\u674e\u836b\u8fdc\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u85e4\u4ee3\u4eae\u4e00\uff08Ryoichi Funshiro\uff09\u3001\u77f3\u539f\u660e\uff08Akira Isihara\uff09\u3001\u83ca\u6c60\u826f\u4e00\uff08Ryoichi Kikuchi\uff09\u3001\u6c34\u8c37\u5bbd\uff08Hiroshi Mizutani\uff09\u548c\u5bfa\u672c\u82f1\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5bfa\u672c\u82f1\u5e26\u9886\u7684\u5009\u7530\u9053\u592b\u540e\u6765\u53c8\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u4e0e\u6a2a\u6d5c\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e98\u7406\u9054\u90ce\uff08Tatsuro Watari\uff09\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u8868\u683c\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3002\u636e\u5009\u7530\u9053\u592b\u56de\u5fc6\uff08\u8bd1\u81ea\u65e5\u6587\uff09\uff1a \u5c06\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7814\u7a76\u5f15\u5165\u7530\u6751\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u9996\u4f4d\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bba\u6587\u751f\u5ca9\u5d0e\u6d69\u4e00\u90ce\u3002\u4e34\u8fd1\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u77e5\u4ece\u4f55\u5904\u5f04\u6765\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6837\u54c1\u5f00\u59cb\u6d4b\u91cf\u56fa\u6709\u7c98\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u6742\u5fd7\u4f1a\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5f17\u6d1b\u91cc\u6392\u963b\u4f53\u79ef\u6548\u5e94\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u9ad8\u547c\u201c\u672a\u6765\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u4fbf\u8fdb\u5165\u4e09\u83f1\u5316\u6210\u516c\u53f8\u4efb\u804c\u3002\u6b64\u4e8b\u53d1\u751f\u4e8e1950\u5e743\u6708\u3002 \u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u7406\u5b66\u90e8\u7684\u5bfa\u672c\u82f1\u3001\u5de5\u5b66\u90e8\u7684\u7a3b\u57a3\u535a\u3001\u519c\u5b66\u90e8\u7684\u85e4\u7530\u535a\u7b49\u4eba\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u53c2\u4e0e\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u8be5\u5b66\u4f1a\u540e\u6765\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u5bfa\u672c\u5148\u751f\u7b49\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6392\u65a5\u4f53\u79ef\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5fae\u6270\u5c55\u5f00\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c71\u672c\u4e09\u4e09\u4e09\u5148\u751f\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u62df\u7f51\u683c\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u6211\u4ea6\u4e0e\u4e98\u7406\u6559\u6388\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u56e2\u7c07\u53d8\u5206\u6cd5\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6eb6\u6db2\u7406\u8bba\u3002 \u5c71\u5ddd\u88d5\u5df3\uff08Hiromi Yamakawa\uff09\u5c31\u662fModern Theory\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6"","block_context":{"text":"\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/featured"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8504,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8504","url_meta":{"origin":9231,"position":4},"title":"\u6211\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u6709\u5173\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u7684 2\u30013 \u4e8b","author":"Andrew","date":"2022\u5e746\u670821\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u6309\uff1a\u6b64\u6587\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u6211\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\u7ae5\u771f\u6559\u6388\u3002","rel":"","context":"In "\u5173\u4e8e\u79d1\u7814\u7684\u6587\u7ae0"","block_context":{"text":"\u5173\u4e8e\u79d1\u7814\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8e%e7%a7%91%e7%a0%94%e7%9a%84%e6%96%87%e7%ab%a0"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8869,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8869","url_meta":{"origin":9231,"position":5},"title":"\u7531\u4e00\u4efd\u7b80\u5386\u7684\u8054\u60f3","author":"Andrew","date":"2023\u5e744\u67084\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u6211\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u4e0e\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5341\u5206\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u60f3\u627e\u627e\u770b\u4f5c\u8005Grigori Medvedev\u662f\u8c01\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8003\u8651\u5728\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5951\u673a\u7ed9\u4ed6\u53d1\u5c01\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7b80\u5386\u672c\u8eab\u900f\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u5c31\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u601d\u3002 \u4ed6\u662f\u5728\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u5b8c\u6210\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u751f\u6daf\u7684\u521d\u671f\u78b0\u5230\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u3002\u4ed6\u5148\u53bb\u4e86\u6ce2\u5170\u4e24\u5e74\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5230\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u666e\u6e21\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u4efb\u804c\u81f3\u4eca\u3002 \u4ed6\u535a\u58eb\u671f\u95f4\u662f\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u8d28\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08Institute of High-Molecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences\uff09\uff0c\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\u662f\u6db2\u6676\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u677e\u5f1b\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5bfc\u5e08\u662fYu Ya Gotlib\u3002 \u663e\u7136\uff0cMedvedev\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u662f\u504f\u5411\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08Gotlib\u672c\u4eba\u5728Amazon\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u641c\u5230\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u662fMolecular Mobility and Order in Polymer Systems\uff0c\u4e0eMedvedev\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u4e3b\u9898\u51e0\u4e4e\u76f8\u540c\u3002Gotlib\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Google Scholar\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u7aa5\u89c1\u4e00\u6591\u3002\u4ece\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6700\u65e9\u5e74\u4efd\u6765\u770b\uff0cGotlib\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u751f\u6daf\u5927\u6982\u5f00\u59cb\u4e8e1950\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u7814\u7a76\u9ad8\u805a\u7269\u3002\u6211\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u4ed6\u6700\u65e9\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u662f1953\u5e74\u5728ZHURNAL TEKHNICHESKOI FIZIKI\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\u8bd1\u4e3aJournal of Technical Physics\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u9898\u4e3aTEORIYA RELAKSATSIONNOGO SPEKTRA POLIMERNOI TSEPOCHKI\uff08\u805a\u5408\u7269\u94fe\u7684\u5f1b\u8c6b\u8c31\u7406\u8bba\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f5c\u8005\u662fM. V. Volkenstein\u3002 \u4e0d\u5931\u516c\u5e73\u5730\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4Volkenstein\u6bd4\u66f4\u8457\u540d\u4e9b\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u8005\u4e5f\u672a\u5fc5\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u3002Volkenstein\u7406\u5e94\u8457\u540d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aFlory\u5728\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u8ff0\u4e2d\u5c31\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728Volkenstein\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\u3002Volkenstein\u5728\u952e\u6784\u8c61\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bd4Flory\u5f00\u5c55\u5f97\u65e9\u3002Flory\u7684\u4e13\u8457Statistical Mechanics of Chain Molecules\u51fa\u7248\u540e\uff0cVolkenstein\u5728Biopolymers\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e66\u8bc4\uff0c\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5de8\u4eba\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eca\u5929\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u77e5\u5374\u6e0a\u6e90\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u4e3a\u6570\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u9ad8\u5149\u65f6\u523b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u63d2\u4e00\u53e5\u3002\u4ece\u6211\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u8fc7Flory\u7684\u90a3\u672cStatistical Mechanics of Chain Molecules\u5c31\u53bb\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6709\u5341\u5206\u72ec\u7acb\u4e14\u4eca\u5929\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u4e3b\u65e8\uff0c\u662f\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u822c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u94fe\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ae0\u8282\uff08\u5305\u62ecFlory\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u66f4\u4e3a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u8457\u4f5cPrinciple of Polymer Chemistry\uff09\u6240\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u8303\u7574\u7684\u3002Flory\u5728Statistical ~\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ed6\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8eKuhn\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5c11\u89c1\u4e8e\u5e38\u89c4\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u6211\u518d\u53e6\u5916\u5199\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e1c\u897f\u6765\u804a\u804a\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002 \u4f46\u65e0\u5eb8\u7f6e\u7591\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6b63\u9762\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11Volkenstein\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u540e\u8005\u5341\u5206\u5f00\u5fc3\u3002 \u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u671f\u520aBiopolymers\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u9ad8\u5149\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6df1\u5ea6\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u7684\u4e3b\u7ebf\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u672c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7269\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u78b0\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u4e86Biopolymers\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u666e\u9002\u7406\u8bba\u3002Volkenstein\u672c\u4eba\u5c31\u5341\u5206\u5173\u6ce8\u751f\u7269\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u4ed6\u505a\u7406\u8bba\u65f6\u5fc3\u91cc\u60f3\u7740\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u751f\u7269\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u3002 \u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5341\u5206\u6ce8\u610f\u7a81\u51fa\u4fc4\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4ea4\u8054\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6eb6\u80c0\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684Flory-Rehner\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4f1a\u6539\u4e3aFrenkel-Flory-Rehner\u7406\u8bba\u3002Volkenstein\u5728\u8c08\u5230de Gennes\u7684\u6807\u5ea6\u7406\u8bba\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u63d0\u5230\u4e86I.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0"","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9231","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9231"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9231\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9235,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9231\/revisions\/9235"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9231"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}