{"id":8906,"date":"2023-07-16T21:59:48","date_gmt":"2023-07-16T13:59:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/?p=8906"},"modified":"2023-07-16T22:00:04","modified_gmt":"2023-07-16T14:00:04","slug":"%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8e%e4%b8%87%e7%89%a9%e7%9a%86%e6%b5%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8906","title":{"rendered":"\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u4e07\u7269\u7686\u6d41\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"kcite-section\" kcite-section-id=\"8906\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e0e\u5148\u8d24\u5171\u9e23<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u660e\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u8f89\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u54f2\u5b66\u5b9d\u5e93\u3002\u666e\u901a\u516c\u6c11\u6559\u80b2\u5df2\u7ecf\u6559\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u591a\u5178\u6545\u3002\u4e16\u4e16\u4ee3\u4ee3\u7684\u666e\u901a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u53d7\u5b8c\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u540e\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u90fd\u4f1a\u5c0a\u5d07\u80fd\u5f15\u7ecf\u636e\u5178\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u6db5\u517b\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u662f\u8bf8\u5b50\u767e\u5bb6\u8bd7\u8bcd\u6b4c\u8d4b\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u662f\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u5723\u7ecf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4e0b\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u2014\u2014\u51e1\u662f\u60f3\u8981\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u90fd\u4e00\u5f8b\u4f1a\u6c42\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u2014\u2014\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u3002\u4f60\u54ea\u6015\u8bf4\u662f\u7275\u5f3a\u9644\u4f1a\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u5f52\u5c5e\u611f\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u8fd9\u4e24\u5927\u6587\u660e\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u5e72\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd1\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u57fa\u672c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5f00\u5b97\u7acb\u6d3e\u5c31\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\u4e86\u3002\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff08rheology\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u675c\u64b0\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f1a\u53ca\u4f1a\u520a\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4ee4\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7279\u522b\u5174\u594b\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u6401\u6211\u4eec\u6587\u5316\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0d\u7981\u8981\u541f\u8bd7\u4e00\u9996\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5148\u4eba\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u51b2\u52a8\uff0c\u60f3\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u6c47\u62a5\uff1a\u8001\u5934\u5b50\u4eec\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u505a\u6210\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0e\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u667a\u6167\u76f8\u6bd4\u5e73\u5eb8\u7410\u788e\u4e0d\u503c\u4e00\u63d0\uff0c\u4f46\u5de7\u7684\u662f\u5b83\u6070\u597d\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u60a8\u8001\u4eba\u5bb6\u4eec\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u51e0\u5343\u5e74\u540e\u4ecd\u5728\u4f60\u4eec\u667a\u6167\u7684\u5149\u8f89\u7167\u8f89\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M. Reiner\u5c31\u4e3a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6700\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6027\u8d21\u732e\u2014\u2014\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u2014\u2014\u9644\u4f1a\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u5148\u8d24\u7684\u667a\u6167\u3002\u4ed6\u627e\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u636e\u8bf4\u6765\u81ea\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8d6b\u62c9\u514b\u5229\u7279\u7684\u201c\u4e07\u7269\u7686\u6d41\u201d\uff08panta rhei\uff09\u8fd9\u6761\u89c2\u5ff5\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5723\u7ecf\u4e2d\u5148\u77e5\u8bd7\u4ebaDeborah\u7684\u8bd7\u53e5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u628a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e3a\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u65e0\u91cf\u7eb2\u4e16\u754c\u65b0\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\uff08Deborah\u6570\u548cWeissenberg\u6570\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u7b49\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8fd8\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\uff09\u65e0\u91cf\u7eb2\u6570\u4ee5\u6b64\u8bd7\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u5f04\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5c31\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e48\u5b66\u3002\u201c\u4e07\u7269\u7686\u6d41\u201d\u5565\u610f\u601d\uff1f\u54e6\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u7684\u3002Deborah\u662f\u8c01\uff1f\u54e6\uff0c\u5979\u662f\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u91cc\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u5c31\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u5347\u534e\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u533b\u5b66\u59cb\u7956\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u5e0c\u6ce2\u514b\u62c9\u5e95\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u533b\u5b66\u8ddf\u5e0c\u6ce2\u514b\u62c9\u5e95\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u4eba\u5bb6\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5148\u8d24\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u65b0\u5b66\u95ee\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u662f\u613f\u610f\u53bb\u5f70\u663e\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8c01\u8ba9\u662f\u4eba\u5bb6\u5148\u641e\u597d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u54b1\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7ea0\u7ed3\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eba\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u201c\u771f\u7406\u65e0\u56fd\u754c\u201d\uff08\u610f\u601d\u662f\u725b\u987f\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53ea\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u9002\u7528\u800c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\uff09\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u4e2a\u6587\u660e\u4e0b\u7684\u4eba\u91cd\u65b0\u5b66\u4e60\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u540c\u667a\u6167\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u8d44\u683c\u548c\u673a\u4f1a\u53bb\u5bf9\u5b83\u4f5c\u51fa\u6e90\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\/\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6545\u4e8b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u56fd\u5728\u767e\u5e9f\u5f85\u5174\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u51e0\u4f4d\u8001\u524d\u8f88\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6070\u597d\u90fd\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u70ed\u7231\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5199\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8457\u4f5c\u548c\u975e\u5b66\u672f\u7684\u6563\u6587\uff0c\u90fd\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u66f4\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u94fa\u8bbe\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6c1b\u56f4\u3002\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8c31\u5199\u7684\u7bc7\u7ae0\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u8574\u542b\u7740\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u548c\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7cbe\u795e\uff1b\u6bcf\u5f53\u540e\u4eba\u60f3\u201c\u4e0e\u5148\u8d24\u5171\u9e23\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u544a\u6170\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f53\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u6bd4\u4ece\u53e4\u4eba\u90a3\u91cc\u5f15\u7ecf\u636e\u5178\u66f4\u52a0\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u4f5c\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u641c\u96c6\uff0c\u53ea\u5217\u4e00\u4e0b\u7ed9\u6211\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c1\u95fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u662f\u94b1\u4fdd\u529f\u5e26\u5934\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u7b80\u53f2\u300b\u3002\u5206\u4e0a\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u4e0b\u7bc7\u3002\u4e0a\u7bc7\u662f\u8bd1\u81eaMorawetz\u7684\u539f\u8457<em>Polymers: The Origins and Growth of a Science<\/em>\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7bc7\u662f\u4eceSeymour\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u96c6 <em>History of Polymer Science and Technology<\/em>\u4e2d\u627e\u4e86\u51e0\u7bc7\u8bd1\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cMorawetz\u548cSeymour\u7684\u8fd9\u4e24\u90e8\u6587\u732e\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u201c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u5b8c\u6574\u548c\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u7b80\u53f2\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e0d\u5fd8\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u4e0b\u7bc7\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4eca\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u6280\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u6280\u6210\u5c31\u201d\u4e00\u7ae0\u8361\u6c14\u56de\u80a0\uff0c\u5199\u6ee1\u4e86\u8840\u6c57\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6587\u5b57\u4e0a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u79d1\u6280\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u5e73\u5b9e\u5ba2\u89c2\uff0c\u4f46\u6240\u5e78\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u4e24\u6bb5\u611f\u60c5\u5145\u6c9b\u7684\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u4ee3\u66ff\u6211\u8bfb\u5b8c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5386\u53f2\u540e\u7684\u611f\u53d7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u987a\u4e01\u6a61\u80f6\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u81ea\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5de5\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u4e24\u5904\u63d0\u53ca\u30021985\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u987a\u4e01\u6a61\u80f6\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u201d\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u8363\u83b7\u9996\u6b21\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u5956\u201d\u7279\u7b49\u5956\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u77f3\u6cb9\u5316\u5de5\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u7279\u7b49\u5956\u83b7\u5956\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5f25\u8db3\u81ea\u8c6a\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6211\u56fd\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u6280\u754c\u540c\u4ec1\u81ea60\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6233\u529b\u540c\u5fc3\u3001\u534f\u4f5c\u653b\u5173\u7684\u8f9b\u52e4\u52b3\u52a8\u4e0e\u4e30\u7855\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u7136\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u8bc4\u5956\u5f53\u65f6\u8ddd\u4eca\u5df2\u65f6\u9694\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u52a0\u4ee5\u201c\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d\u201d\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u52a8\u4e71\u3001\u4eba\u4e8b\u673a\u8272\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u758f\u6f0f\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u6240\u96be\u514d\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u767d\u63cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u52a0\u4ee5\u8bb0\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ee5\u8a8c\u5176\u76db\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b58\u5176\u771f\uff0c\u4e5f\u7528\u4ee5\u544a\u6170\u90a3\u8bb8\u591a\u66fe\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5455\u5fc3\u6ca5\u8840\u3001\u8270\u82e6\u594b\u6597\u3001\u4f46\u5176\u529f\u7ee9\u672a\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6070\u5f53\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u540c\u5fd7\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u56fd\u987a\u4e01\u751f\u4ea7\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5373\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u5b55\u80b2\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u6218\u653b\u5173\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u5efa\u8bbe\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e8c\u6b21\u73b0\u573a\u653b\u5173\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u662f\u8fc4\u4eca\u4ecd\u5728\u8fdb\u5c55\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5904\u4e8e\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u52a8\u4e71\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u53d7\u5230\u6b67\u89c6\u6253\u51fb\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5c61\u6709\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce2\u6f9c \u8d77\u4f0f\u3001\u60ca\u5fc3\u52a8\u9b44\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u65e2\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u5fe0\u8d1e\u521a\u6b63\u7684\u5199\u7167\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7edd\u65e0\u4ec5\u6709\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u79d1\u6280\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<cite>\u2014\u2014\u300a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u7b80\u53f2\u300b\u201c7-3 \u987a\u4e01\u6a61\u80f6\u53d1\u5c55\u7b80\u53f2\u201d<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u7f51\u5df2\u6545\u535a\u5ba2\u4e3b\u4eba\u90d1\u878d\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u5199\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u8ddf\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6563\u6587\u3002\u6211\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/5750\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"5750\">\u6000\u5ff5\u90d1\u878d\u8001\u5e08<\/a>\u6587\u4e2d\u7b80\u5355\u8868\u8fbe\u8fc7\u6211\u7684\u5d07\u656c\u4e4b\u60c5\u3002\u6211\u628a\u90e8\u5206\u8fd8\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u3001\u8ddf\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u5217\u8868\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/%e6%96%87%e9%9b%86\/%e9%83%91%e8%9e%8d%e6%b5%81%e5%8f%98%e5%ad%a6%e6%95%a3%e6%96%87\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1989\">\u90d1\u878d\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6563\u6587<\/a>\u3002\u5728\u300a\u6d41\u53d8\u7410\u8c08(3) \u2500 \u2500 \u4ece\u5b54\u592b\u5b50\u8bf4\u5230\u677e\u5f1b\u65f6\u95f4\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u90d1\u8001\u5e08\u63d0\u5230\uff0cTanner\u548cWalters\u5728\u64b0\u5199\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b54\u5b50\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u901d\u8005\u5982\u65af\u592b\u201d\uff0c\u4e0e\u8d6b\u62c9\u514b\u5229\u7279\u6240\u8bf4\u7684panta rhei\u4e0d\u8c0b\u800c\u5408\uff0c\u5c06\u4e8c\u8005\u76f8\u63d0\u5e76\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u4e2d\u897f\u201d\u4e4b\u5206\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6587\u660e\u8fd8\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u76f8\u4e92\u5f15\u8d77\u91cd\u89c6\u3001\u6b23\u8d4f\u548c\u5171\u9e23\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u2014\u2014\u8bb8\u5143\u6cfd\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\uff1a<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/gong.ustc.edu.cn\/2022\/0128\/c21215a559551\/page.htm\" target=\"_blank\">\u8bbf\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u53a6\u95e8\u5927\u5b66\u8bb8\u5143\u6cfd\u6559\u6388\uff1a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66 \u9ad8\u60c5\u9038\u97f5\u5f80\u4f55\u65b9<\/a>\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u53e4\u4eba\u4e91\u201c\u541b\u5b50\u548c\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5c0f\u4eba\u540c\u800c\u4e0d\u548c\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5404\u6709\u6240\u957f\uff0c\u4e92\u656c\u4e92\u5b66\uff1b\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u6613\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u96be\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u77db\u76fe\u591a\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u538b\u529b\u518d\u5927\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e5d\u6d41\u505a\u6cd5\u5c31\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u66f4\u96be\u521b\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u8981\u53d6\u5f97\u79d1\u7814\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u6210\u529f\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u4e3a\u4eba\u5904\u4e8b\u7684\u7d20\u8d28\u4e0e\u6027\u683c\u4e0a\u7684\u575a\u97e7\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u79d1\u7814\u5c16\u5b50\u4e0d\u514d\u662f\u82db\u6c42\u3002\u771f\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u4eec\u5b69\u5b50\u4ece\u5c0f\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4eba\u9645\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u53d8\u5f97\u673a\u654f\u5e73\u5eb8\uff0c\u78e8\u6389\u4e86\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7531\u8877\u70ed\u7231\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u51cf\u5c11\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6d6e\u8e81\uff0c\u79d1\u7814\u73af\u5883\u5c31\u597d\uff0c\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u9752\u5e74\u624d\u4fca\u6f5c\u5fc3\u94bb\u7814\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u8fbe\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u662f\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u660e\u661f\u4e0d\u9760\u523b\u610f\u6367\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5192\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6d77\u5916\u6709\u5fd7\u4eba\u624d\u4e0d\u8d4f\u91cd\u91d1\u4e5f\u4f1a\u56de\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u4ed6\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u4e43\u81f3\u8f6f\u7269\u8d28\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5927\u89c2\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-attachment-id=\"8915\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8906\/20230617_071143470_ios-%e5%a4%a7\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/20230617_071143470_iOS-\u5927.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1440,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"20230617_071143470_iOS (\u5927)\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/20230617_071143470_iOS-\u5927-1024x768.jpg\" src=\"http:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/20230617_071143470_iOS-\u5927-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8915\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/20230617_071143470_iOS-\u5927-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/20230617_071143470_iOS-\u5927-480x360.jpg 480w, https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/20230617_071143470_iOS-\u5927-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/20230617_071143470_iOS-\u5927-624x468.jpg 624w, https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/20230617_071143470_iOS-\u5927.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u8c01\u628arheology\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u6211\u66fe\u4f5c\u8fc7\u6709\u9650\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5efa\u56fd\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002\u6211\u80fd\u67e5\u5230\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u94b1\u4fdd\u529f\u3001\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u3001\u94b1\u4eba\u5143\u5728\u5efa\u56fd\u540e\u7684\u5934\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u7ea6\u800c\u540c\u5730\u628arheology\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u6d41\u53d8\u201d\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u6d41\u53d8\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u884c\u7684\u3002\u94b1\u4fdd\u529f\u5728H. Mark\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u4e8e1947\u5e74\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u83b7\u5f97\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u94b1\u4eba\u5143\u65e9\u5e74\u5728Wisconsin\u5927\u5b66\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\uff09\uff0c\u81f31948\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3rheology\u610f\u601d\u7684\u3002\u9648\u5b97\u57fa\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u6807\u9898\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86rheology\uff0c\u56de\u56fd\u540e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff081957\uff09\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u53ea\u7528\u4e86mechanical 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Scott-Blair\u7684\u4e66 \u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0cG. Scott-Blair\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4efb\u804c\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u98df\u54c1\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u95e8\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u98df\u54c1\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba8\u8bba\u6df1\u5ea6\u5c31\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e9a\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u3002\u626f\u8fdc\u4e00\u70b9\u513f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e2d\u4ee5\u201c\u6570\u5b66\u5f0f\u5b50\u7f14\u9020\u8005\u201d\u95fb\u540d\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u5982Rivlin\uff0cZapas\uff0cGent\uff0c\u5305\u62ecScott-Blair\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u90fd\u4efb\u804c\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u3002Rivlin\u4efb\u804c\u4e8eBritish Rubber Producers Research Association\uff08BRPRA\uff09\u3002Zapa\u4efb\u804c\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u5c40\u3002Gent\u4e5f\u5728BRPRA\u4efb\u8fc7\u804c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u80cc\u666f\u662f\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u65f6\u4ee3\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u4efb\u804c\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5de5\u4e1a\u754c\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u5c97\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b66\u672f\u4ea7\u51fa\u90fd\u4e0e\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u5341\u5206\u5951\u5408\u3002BKZ\uff08Z for Zapas\uff09\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u7684\u53ef\u6d4b\u6027\u800c\u4e3aRivlin\u7684\u201csimple materials\u201d\u589e\u52a0postulation\u3002\u5f0f\u5b50\u4e00\u5217\u5b8c\uff0c\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5c31\u4e0a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u53ef\u60dc\u7684\u662fScott-Blair\u7684\u539f\u4e66\u4e0d\u592a\u597d\u627e\u5230\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u4ed6\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u3002\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u591a\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7Scott-Blair\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u548c\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u518d\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eScott-Blair\u59bb\u5b50\u662f\u641e\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5c31\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u601d\u8003\u3002\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\uff08sensory assessment\uff09\u4eca\u5929\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u719f\u77e5\u5e76\u5927\u91cf\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u98df\u54c1\u548c\u65e5\u7528\u5316\u5de5\u54c1\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46Scott-Blair\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u5374\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4e89\u8bae\u3002 \u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u4e5f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u6d41\u53d8\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b66\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u4e0e\u611f\u89c2\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e38\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5355\u5355\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u98df\u54c1\u8bd5\u6837\u62ff\u5230\u65cb\u8f6c\u6d41\u53d8\u4eea\u4e0a\u65bd\u5c55\u4e00\u5927\u901a\u5404\u79cd\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ed9\u51fa\u4ec0\u4e48\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u2014\u2014\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u62ff\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bd5\u6837\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u534a\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u62ff\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bd5\u6837\u8fdb\u884c\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u8425\u9500\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u672c\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u518d\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u60f3\u201c\u5efa\u7acb\u6d41\u53d8\u6d4b\u91cf\u53c2\u6570\u4e0e\u611f\u89c2\u6548\u679c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5c06\u6765\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u53bb\u505a\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ece\u6d41\u53d8\u6d4b\u91cf\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c31\u9884\u6d4b\u51fa\u611f\u89c2\u6548\u679c\uff08\u4e5f\u8bb8\u7531\u4e8e\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\u7684\u5f00\u5c55\u6210\u672c\u786e\u5b9e\u8f83\u9ad8\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\u65e2\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u5f80\u5f80\u5e76\u4e0d\u666e\u9002\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u4e5f\u5927\u4e3a\u524a\u5f31\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u70ed\u8877\u4e8e\u7528\u6d41\u53d8\u4eea\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e00\u756a\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u6307\u5bfc\u5b9e\u8df5\u201d\u7684\u76f2\u76ee\u8ff7\u4fe1\u3002 2. Hans Gerd Muller\u7684\u4e66 H. Muller (1973), An Introduction to Food Rheology, Crane, Russak & Company, Inc. \u8fd9\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u98df\u54c1\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e66\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u7cbe\u54c1\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u503c\u5f97\u73cd\u85cf\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7OpenLibrary\u5728\u7ebf\u501f\u9605\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5d4c\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9605\u8bfb\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0a\u7f51\u624d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u663e\u793a\uff09\u3002 \u540cScott-Blair\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005Muller\u662f\u98df\u54c1\u7cfb\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff08Proctor Department of Food and Leather\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8462,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8462","url_meta":{"origin":8906,"position":1},"title":"\u6db2\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u3001\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e0e\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66","author":"Andrew","date":"2022\u5e746\u670816\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u6211\u5728\u77e5\u4e4e\u7f51\u7ad9\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u7b54\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6db2\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5728\u95ee\u201c\u80fd\u5426\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u63a8\u51fa\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8003\u8651\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u6216\u8fd1\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u5f3a\u5173\u8054\u6027\u8d28\u7406\u8bba\u4f1a\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u5173\u5fc3\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u5728\u5b88\u6052\u5f8b\u4e0b\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf4\u767d\u4e86\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u5c31\u662fNS\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u51fa\u6211\u6240\u6599\u3002\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u786e\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\u201d\u628a\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u76f4\u63a5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u3002 \u76f4\u63a5\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0d\u662f\u672c\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u4f1a\u81f3\u4eca\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u8fd9\u4e48\u7a84\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6211\u731c\u6d4b\u8fd9\u662f\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002 \u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff08rheology\uff09\u53e6\u7acb\u95e8\u6237\u662fBingham\u7684\u4e3b\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728 Reiner\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6563\u6587\u4e2d\u5c31\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u3002 When I arrived, Bingham said to me, \u201cHere you, a civil engineer, and I, a chemist, are working together at joint problems. With the development of colloid chemistry, such a situation will be more and more common. We therefore must establish a branch of physics where\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3305,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/3305","url_meta":{"origin":8906,"position":2},"title":"Scott-Blair\u8bba\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u5435\u67b6","author":"Andrew","date":"2011\u5e747\u670818\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u56de\u90d1\u878d\u8001\u5e08\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u8111\u4e2d\u7a81\u7136\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u611f\u5230\u6211\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8ddf\u4ed6\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6ce8\u5851\u6210\u578b\u7684\u4e66\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff1f\u987a\u4fbf\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e0b\u90d1\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u4e66\uff1a [AMAZONPRODUCT=364221262X] \u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u8fd8\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a \u6211\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u6ce8\u5851\u6210\u5f62\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u662f\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u800c\u6211\u505a\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u4f30\u8ba1\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u611f\u89c9\u6a2a\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u9762\u524d\u7684\u4e24\u5ea7\u5927\u5c71\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u4f46\u90fd\u5f88\u6df1\u3002\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u82b1\u62db\u5728\u4e8eflow\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u6d41\u9053\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6324\u538b\u3001\u62c9\u4f38\u6d41\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8c\u6b21\u6d41\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u4f60\u5149\u7528\u4e2apowerlaw fluid\u90fd\u591f\u4f60\u73a9\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u5219\u7531\u4e8e\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u5806\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u95ee\u9898\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4f53\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u7b97\u4e0d\u6d41\u52a8\u90fd\u96be\u6b7b\u4eba\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u573a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u91cc\u8003\u8651\u6d41\u52a8\u81f3\u591a\u5c31\u662fdissipation-fluctuation theory\uff08DFT\uff0c\u5176\u601d\u60f3\u8bf4\u767d\u4e86\u5c31\u662f\u5e94\u529b\u677e\u5f1b\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u8d85\u8fc7\u7ebf\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u5c31\u5f88\u591f\u545b\u3002\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7edf\u4e00\u5730\u628a\u526a\u5207\u6d41\u548c\u62c9\u4f38\u6d41\u4e00\u8d77\u63cf\u8ff0\u597d\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u201c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\u7ecf\u4e0d\u8d77\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u6298\u817e\u3002\u597d\u591a\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u53ea\u9650\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cdflow\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6362\u4e00\u79cdflow\u5c31\u7acb\u9a6c\u6b47\u83dc\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u6309\u8bb8\u5143\u6cfd\u8001\u5e08\u66fe\u7ecf\u79c1\u4e0b\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u8fd8\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u201d\u3002 \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u63cf\u8ff0\u6e05\u695a\u201d\u4e86\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bdd\u5982\u679c\u8131\u79bb\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u53e5\u5927\u8bdd\u3002 \u6211\u56de\u90d1\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u4fe1\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86Scott Blair\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u4e0a\u8ff0\u201c\u4e24\u5ea7\u5927\u5c71\u201dScott-Blair\u5728J. Sci. Instrum.\uff081940, 17, 169\uff09\u91cc\u4e5f\u603b\u7ed3\u8fc7\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b57\u4e0d\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u884c\u4e91\u6d41\u6c34\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u5168\u5f15\uff1a There are two reasons for measuring rheological (flow and deformation) properties of industrial materials. On the one hand, a property hitherto unassessed is measured in the hope that it may be found to correlate with some quite\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":6221,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/6221","url_meta":{"origin":8906,"position":3},"title":"J. Chem. Educ.\u4e0a\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66","author":"Andrew","date":"2015\u5e741\u670828\u65e5","format":"aside","excerpt":"\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u8ba2\u9605ACS\u7684J. Chem. Educ.\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u6700\u8fd1\u5bc6\u96c6\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u51e0\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u53bb\u627e\u627eJ. Chem. Educ.\u4ece\u521b\u520a\u4ee5\u6765\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u90fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u3002 \u7528rheology\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u641c\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u91cc\u9762\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u6311\u9009\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fa\u6765\u3002 1929\u5e74\u6b63\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u90a3\u5e74\uff0cBingham\u5728J. Chem. Educ.\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e24\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u9664\u4e86\u5c42\u6d41\u548c\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e4b\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u6d41\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u5c48\u670d\u548c\u5851\u6027\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u4ed6\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u8d28\u662f\u80f6\u4f53\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u5bbe\u6c49\u6d41\u4f53\u662f\u4ee5\u4ed6\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u7684\u30021930\u5e74\uff0cJ. Chem. Educ.\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u5c40\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u4f1a\u8bae\u8bba\u6587\u53ca\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709Bingham\u3001Reiner\u548cScott-Blair\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u5176\u4e2dReiner\u6f14\u8bb2\u9898\u76ee\u7adf\u7136\u53eb\u505aThe General Equation of Flow!\uff08\u539f\u6807\u9898\u5c31\u542b\u611f\u53f9\u53f7\uff09\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u5f88\u597d\u5947\u6f14\u8bb2\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u3002 \u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u8df3\u5230\u4e8660\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cFerry\u5728J. Chem. Educ.\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0a\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u4e5f\u80fd\u50a8\u5b58\u80fd\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u88ab\u63a5\u4f38\u201d\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u71b5\u5f39\u6027\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u677e\u5f1b\u8c31\u3002 Weissenberg\u6548\u5e94\u662f1940\u5e74\u4ee3\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u4e00\u76f4\u523060\u5e74\u4ee3\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u8fd8\u5904\u4e8e\u53d1\u73b0\u54ea\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\u4f1a\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u30021961\u5e74Nature\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u86cb\u767d\u6709Weissenberg\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5728J. Chem. Educ.\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u80f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6f14\u793aWeissenberg\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002 \u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u662f1920\u5e74\u3002\u8fd9\u521a\u597d\u4e5f\u662fStaudinger\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u8bba\u805a\u5408\u300b\u7684\u90a3\u5e74\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6982\u5ff5\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5b66\u8005\u5173\u6ce8\u590d\u6742\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u80f6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\u6837\u54c1\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u90fd\u53eb\u80f6\u4f53\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\uff08\u5f53\u53ebelastic aftereffect\uff09\u3001\u7c98\u5ea6\u7684\u526a\u5207\u901f\u7387\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u57281920\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5f97\u6bd4\u597d\u4e86\uff08\u4ee5Maxwell\u7528\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u666e\u904d\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4ee5\u864e\u514b\u548c\u725b\u987f\u4e3a\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6cca\u8083\u53f6\u3001\u67ef\u897f\u3001Maxwell\u548cBoltzmann\u7b49\u4eba\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u8fde\u7eed\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u56f4\u3002Reiner\u5728\u542c\u8bf4Bingham\u8981\u63d0\u51fa\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u56de\u590d\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ebf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u540e\u7eed\u8fd8\u6709Rivlin\u3001Oldroyd\u3001Noll\u3001Truesdell\u7b49\u4eba\u6cbf\u7740\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7406\u6027\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8def\u5b50\u8d70\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u540e\u6765\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u771f\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u4e4b\u540e\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ebf\u7814\u7a76\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53e6\u5916\u518d\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5Bingham\u5728J. Chem. Educ.\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u7acb\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u5927\u5bb6\u6240\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u662f\u5851\u6027\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u5373\u8ddf\u5f53\u65f6\u5173\u4e8e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u672c\u6784\u65b9\u7a0b\u7814\u7a76\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u3001\u90a3\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u5c48\u670d\u5e94\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\uff08\u5728Bingham\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e73\u6db2\u6837\u54c1\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a The hydraulicians were not aware that there is more than the one type of flow, and the type with which they were occupied did not\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8206,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8206","url_meta":{"origin":8906,"position":4},"title":"\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5386\u53f2\uff08\u4e00\uff09","author":"Andrew","date":"2021\u5e748\u670816\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u524d\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u505a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\uff08viscoelasticity\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u3002 \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0aMaria Grazia Ianniello\u4f5c\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u5de5\u4f5c\u200b(Ianniello 1993)\u200b\u200b*\u200b\uff0c\u6211\u5199\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u4e5f\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u5979\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u770b\u8fc7\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u732e\u7684\u539f\u6587\uff08\u89c1\u6b64\u6587\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u53bb\u770bIanniello\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u6587\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u5979\u5173\u6ce8\u7ec6\u8282\u8ddf\u6211\u4e00\u6837\u591a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u770b\u5f97\u548c\u60f3\u5f97\u6bd4\u6211\u66f4\u4ed4\u7ec6\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u5173\u7167\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e5f\u548c\u6211\u5f88\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5f88\u4fe1\u8d56\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u66f4\u65e9\u4e9b\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u8bba\u6587\u200b(D\u00f6rries 1991)\u200b\uff0c\u4ece\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u4f59\u6548\u201d\uff08Nachwirking\uff09\u4e0e\u201c\u8fdf\u6ede\u201d\uff08histeresis\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u56de\u987e\u4e8619\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u53f2\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u5982Ianniello\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d0\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u200b(Tanner and Walters 1998)\u200b\u7684\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u96be\u514d\u4e5f\u6d41\u4e8e\u6cdb\u6cdb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c97\u7565\u7684\u63d0\u7eb2\u548c\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u6765\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cHershel Markovitz\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u53f2\u603b\u7ed3\u66f4\u52a0\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u5411\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u66f4\u5bcc\u6709\u6d1e\u89c1\u200b(Markovitz 1968, 1977, 1985)\u200b\u3002\u200b(Doraiswamy 2002)\u200b\u4e5f\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5168\u9762\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6eaf\u6e90\u8d44\u6599\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u200b(Tanner 2002)\u200b\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u6d41\u53d8\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b66\u4e2d\u6b63\u5f26\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002 \u5df2\u6545\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u90d1\u878d\u8001\u5e08\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u5199\u6ee1\u4e86\u810d\u7099\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u53f2\u8bdd\u3002 1. \u4eca\u5929\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u201c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u201d \u201c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u201d\uff08viscoelasticity\uff09\u662f\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6216\u529b\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bcd\u3002 Ferry\u5bf9\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u552f\u8c61\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u200b(Ferry 1980)\u200b\u3002\u800c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u89c1\u4e8e\u5404\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6559\u6750\u3002\u503c\u63d0\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\u632f\u8361\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5728\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6846\u67b6\u5728\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u201c\u5927\u5e45\u632f\u8361\u526a\u5207\u201d\uff08large amplitude oscillatory shear\uff0cLAOS\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5927\u578b\u7efc\u8ff0\u200b(Hyun et al. 2011)\u200b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u65e9\u4e86\uff0c\u5176\u4e4b\u540e\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7efc\u8ff0\u6709\u200b(Bird and Giacomin 2016)\u200b\u548c\u200b(Voigtmann 2014)\u200b\u3002 \u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u529b\u5b66\u4e4b\u5916\u6709\u66f4\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u677e\u5f1b\uff08\u5f1b\u8c6b\uff09\u73b0\u8c61\u200b\u2020\u200b\uff0c\u5728\u7535\u78c1\u5b66\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64Oppenheim\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u200b(Oppenheim et al. 1997)\u200b\u4e2d\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ddf\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u662f\u76f8\u901a\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u901a\u7528\u672c\u6784\u2014\u2014Boltzmann\u65b9\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u65f6\u4e0d\u53d8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5377\u79ef\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u53f2\u8ddf\u7535\u78c1\u5b66\u548c\u7535\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u5ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u3002 \u81f3\u4e8e\u5b8f\u89c2\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5b8f\u89c2\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5f1b\u8c6b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5b8f\u89c2\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5f1b\u8c6b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u70ed\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5730\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u54cd\u5e94\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u200b(Evans and Morriss 2008)\u200b\u548c\u200b(Kreuzer 1981)\u200b\u3002 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u5bf9\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u5728\u56de\u987e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u5173\u6ce8\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4eba\u4ece\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73b0\u8c61\u6240\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6700\u521d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8ddf\u4eca\u5929\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u548c\u5dee\u8ddd\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f\u4e4b\u540e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u201c\u677e\u5f1b\u201d\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\uff1f 2. \u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66 \u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\u5bf9\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u864e\u514b\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u725b\u987f\u7c98\u6027\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\u3002\u4ece\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u672c\u6784\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5e0c\u671b\u542c\u4f17\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80cc\u666f\u6709\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u200b\u2021\u200b\u3002 \u9996\u5148\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u6b27\u62c9\u628a\u725b\u987f\u8fd0\u52a8\u5b9a\u5f8b\u63a8\u5e7f\u81f3\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u5e76\u63a8\u5bfc\u4e86\u521a\u4f53\u548c\u7406\u60f3\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u200b(Truesdell 1960a, 1968)\u200b\u200b\u00a7\u200b\u3002\u8fd9\u5927\u6982\u662f\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002 \u5173\u4e8e\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f2f\u52aa\u5229\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ed61738\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684Hydrodynamica\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\u200b(Truesdell 1960a, 1968)\u200b\u3002\u4f2f\u52aa\u5229\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u673a\u68b0\u80fd\u4e0e\u91cd\u529b\u52bf\u80fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u3002\u4ec5\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u80fd\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b88\u6052\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u529b\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\uff08\u5373\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516c\u8bbe\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u4e0e\u70ed\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7b49\u4e00\u540c\u7ea0\u7f20\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u624d\u7b97\u786e\u7acb\u3002\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":7124,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/7124","url_meta":{"origin":8906,"position":5},"title":"\u957f\u66252016\uff083\uff09","author":"Andrew","date":"2016\u5e747\u670829\u65e5","format":"aside","excerpt":"\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u4f53\u7cfb\u6216\u8005\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5149\u505a\u6d41\u53d8\u5c31\u80fd\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u8d85\u652f\u5316\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u76f8\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ddf\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u4e0b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u505a\u5176\u4ed6\u8868\u5f81\u5373\u53ef\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u4fbf\u5229\u201d\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u613f\u610f\u4e86\u89e3\u6d41\u53d8\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u505a\u6d41\u53d8\u3002\u6d41\u53d8\u4eea\u573a\u5546\u63a8\u9500\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f3a\u5316\u3002\u5f3a\u8c03\u6d41\u53d8\u6d4b\u91cf\u7ed3\u679c\u201c\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u201d\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u201c\u770b\u51fa\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\u201d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5de5\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u80fd\u7528\u5230\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u592a\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u4fbf\u5229\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u201c\u5df2\u77e5\u201d\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u800c\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e86\u89e3\u672a\u77e5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u4fbf\u5229\u201d\u4f7f\u5f97\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u53d8\u9000\u5316\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u662f\u6709\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u3002\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u201c\u7814\u7a76\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5f62\u53d8\u4e0e\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u8bb2\u8bfe\u65f6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e49\u559c\u6b22\u518d\u52a0\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u7814\u7a76\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5f62\u53d8\u4e0e\u6d41\u52a8\u53ca\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u591a\u4f59\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u201cXX\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u505c\u7559\u4e8e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u8ffd\u6c42\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u3002\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u53ca\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u4e0d\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bdd\u539f\u56e0\u4e0d\u660e\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u91cd\u70b9\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u539f\u56e0\u4e0d\u660e\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u53bb\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4e8e\u5229\u7528\u5df2\u77e5\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u68c0\u6d4b\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u628a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5f53\u6210\u68c0\u6d4b\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5bf9\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u201c\u6d41\u53d8\u4eea\u4e0a\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u201csimple 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