{"id":8191,"date":"2021-07-29T04:08:13","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T20:08:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/?p=8191"},"modified":"2021-07-29T04:20:50","modified_gmt":"2021-07-28T20:20:50","slug":"annalen-der-physik-und-chemie%e7%9a%84%e5%bd%a9%e9%a1%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8191","title":{"rendered":"Annalen der Physik und Chemie\u7684\u5f69\u9875"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Avec L\u2019Histoire de L\u2019Acad\u00e9mie pour L\u2019Ann\u00e9e 1813 et 1814\u201d\uff1b1851\u5e74\u7684\u6807\u9898\u662f\u201cM\u00e9moires pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s a L\u2019Acad\u00e9mie Imp\u00e9riale des Sciences de St-P\u00e9tersbourg. par Divers\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0"","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2406,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/2406","url_meta":{"origin":8191,"position":1},"title":"\u5723\u6bcd\u739b\u4e3d\u4e9a\u7684Smoluchowski","author":"Andrew","date":"2011\u5e743\u670812\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u5723\u6bcd\u739b\u4e3d\u4e9a\u7684Smoluchowski \u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u5b66\u4e60Smoluchowski\u7684coagulation\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4e0aGoogle\u641c\u7d22\u201cSmoluchowski\u7406\u8bba\u201d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6807\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u5723\u6bcd\u739b\u4e3d\u4e9a\u7684Smoluchowski\u201d\u3002\u539f\u6765\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f04\u7684\uff0c\u628aSmoluchowski\u7684first name\u7ed9\u8bd1\u8fc7\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u6309\u7406\u4e5f\u6ca1\u9519\u3002\u8bf4\u4e0d\u5b9aSmoluchowski\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u7ed9\u8fd9\u5b69\u5b50\u9009\u62e9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u5c31\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u80fd\u50cf\u5723\u6bcd\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u90a3\u6837blessed\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u6d4bpotential barrier\u6211\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u770bSmoluchowski\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u5149\u6563\u5c04\uff08DLS\uff09\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u7c92\u5b50\u95f4\u7684pair potential\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6240\u8c13primary maximum\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4potential barrier\uff08Umax\uff09\u3002DLS\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6d4b\u5e73\u5747\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6837\u54c1\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u751faggrigation\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e73\u5747\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u5c31\u4f1a\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6d4b\u51fa\u3002Pusey\u7b49\uff08J. Chem. Phys. 1982, 77, 4270\uff09\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0b\u6807p\u662f\u6307\u7b2cp\u79cd\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3002N\u662f\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cf\u662f\u6563\u5c04\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u672c\u6765\u662f\u5355\u5206\u6563\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u805a\u96c6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u4e8c\u805a\u4f53\u3001\u4e09\u805a\u4f53\u5230p\u805a\u4f53\u7b49\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u5355\u5143\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5206\u6563\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u9002\u7528Pusey\u7684\u5f0f\u5b50\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5404p\u805a\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u90fd\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u6574\u4e2a\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64Pusey\u7684\u90a3\u6761\u5f0f\u5b50\u5c31\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a\u65f6\u95f4\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\uff1aVersmold & H\u00e4rtl\uff08J. Chem. Phys. 1983, 79, 4006\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u5047\u8bbe\u5404p\u805a\u4f53\u90fd\u662f\u7403\u4f53\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u90a3\u4e2a\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u4e0e\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5f0f\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5404\u4e2ap\u805a\u4f53\u4e0a\uff1b\u53e6\u6839\u636e\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u6563\u5c04\u5f3a\u5ea6f\u8ddf\u7c92\u5b50\u4f53\u79ef\uff08\u534a\u5f84\u7684\u7acb\u65b9\uff09\u6709\u5173\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u628aPusey\u7684\u5f0f\u5b50\u4e2dfp\u548cD0,p\u76f4\u63a5\u7528ap\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e86\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\uff1aSmoluchowski\u65b9\u7a0bNp(t\/t1\/2)=...\u7684\u7528\u5904\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7b97\u4e0a\u5f0f\u90a3\u4e24\u4e2ap\u7684\u77e9\u3002\u636eVersmold & H\u00e4rtl\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u6240\u5f15\u8ff0\uff0cp\u7684\u5747\u65b9\u503c\uff086\/3\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\u6709\u4eba\u7ed9\u51fa\u89e3\u6790\u89e3\u4e86\u3002\u53ef\u8fd95\/3\u9636\u77e9\u53ef\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff1fVersmold & H\u00e4rtl\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u65f6\u95f4t\/t1\/2\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff08\u5373aggregation\u521a\u53d1\u751f\u6ca1\u591a\u4e45\uff09\u628aSmoluchowski\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ed9\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u53d6\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bddp\u7684n\/3\u9636\u77e9\u968ft\/t1\/2\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5c31\u90fd\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u805a\u96c6\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u521d\u671f\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u57df\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7ed9\u51fa\u6570\u503c\u89e3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Smoluchowski\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7c92\u5b50\u4f53\u7cfb\u5728\u805a\u96c6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4f9d\u901f\u5173\u7cfbD(t)\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u90a3\u4e2at1\/2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u62ff\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53bb\u62df\u5408\u5b9e\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2at1\/2\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2at1\/2\u8ddf\u805a\u96c6\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u901f\u7387\u5e38\u6570k\u76f4\u63a5\u6709\u5173\uff1ak=1\/(t1\/2N0)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dN0\u662f\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08\u4e2a\u6570\u6bd4\u4f53\u79ef\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u51fak\u3002k\u53c8\u8ddf\u7c92\u5b50\u95f4\u7684pair potential\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\u5462\uff1f\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u901f\u7387\u5e38\u6570\u662f\u805a\u96c6\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u7387\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50\u78b0\u649e\u540e\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5f53\u7136\u8981\u514b\u670d\u6389\u4e24\u8005\u95f4\u7684potential barrier\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7c92\u5b50\u95f4\u7684potential barrier\u5c31\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u78b0\u649e\u5360\u603b\u78b0\u649e\u6570\u4e4b\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u603b\u78b0\u649e\u6570\u65e0\u975e\u5c31\u662f\u5e03\u6717\u8fd0\u52a8\u51b3\u5b9a\uff08\u7c98\u5ea6\u3001\u5c3a\u5bf8\u90fd\u5b9a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u5b9a\u7684\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u2014\u2014\u79f0\u4e3astability ratio\uff0cW\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u8ddfpotential barrier\u76f4\u63a5\u6709\u5173\u4e86\uff1a\u636e\u4f20\u4e0a\u5f0f\u662fN. Fuch\u7ed9\u7684\uff0c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u201c\u636e\u4f20\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u8fc7N. Fuch\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff08\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5fb7\u8bed\u7684\uff0c\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u77e5\u9053\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4e00\u63d0\u5230stability ratio\uff0c\u5c31\u5f15N. Fuch\u8fd9\u7bc7\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u79ef\u5206\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684U(r)\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e94\u82b1\u516b\u95e8\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48van der Waals\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u9759\u7535\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u4f4d\u963b\u4f5c\u7528\u7b49\u7b49\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u5927\u5806\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0bW\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u662f\u627e\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5f0f\u51d1\u5408\u7528\u7684\u3002Prieve and Ruckenstein\uff08J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 1980, 73, 539\uff09\u4e3a\u7403\u5f62\u7c92\u5b50\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0cW\u5c31\u8ddfpotential barrier\u6709\u5173\u4e86\u3002Smoluchowski\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u5f88\u591a\u6587\u7ae0\u4e00\u8bb2\u5230Smoluchowski\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u4ed6\u57281916\u548c1917\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e24\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5f15\u7528\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff1aZ. Phys. 1916, 17, 557; ibid. 1916, 17,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6"","block_context":{"text":"\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/featured"},"img":{"alt_text":"M. Smoluchowski","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/Smoluchowski_2-300x278.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":5990,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/5990","url_meta":{"origin":8191,"position":2},"title":"\u77e5\u4e4e\uff1a\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u5199\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u5728\u8001\u5e08\u773c\u91cc\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f","author":"Andrew","date":"2014\u5e744\u670827\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/question\/23548350 \u4e5f\u8bb8\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u4eec\u770b\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u7684\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u201c\u5c4e\u4e00\u6837\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u8001\u5e08\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u89d2\u8272\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bba\u6587\u9664\u4e86\u5bf9\u4ed6\u6709\u7528\u4e4b\u5916\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u4ed6\u6ca1\u7528\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u7528\u53bb\u601d\u8003\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u4f46\u8001\u5e08\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u7528\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u53bb\u54ea\u91cc\u627e\u4e86\uff0c\u770b\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u8bba\u6587\u591a\u6570\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u6559\u5b66\u3002 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