{"id":8116,"date":"2021-01-15T03:02:21","date_gmt":"2021-01-14T19:02:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/?p=8116"},"modified":"2021-01-16T03:08:28","modified_gmt":"2021-01-15T19:08:28","slug":"c-truesdell%e6%96%87%e7%ab%a0%e9%80%89%e6%ae%b5%e8%b5%8f%e8%af%bb%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8116","title":{"rendered":"C. Truesdell\u6587\u7ae0\u9009\u6bb5\u8d4f\u8bfb\uff08\u4e8c\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\n

Of course these discoveries have brought with them different attitudes toward theories of nature. Those who push forward the frontiers of experiment cannot wait for the thoughtful, critical, and hence cautious and slow analysis that mathematics has always demanded. Mathematicians, for their part, cannot afford to waste their time on physical theories of passing interest.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6709\u4e09\u53e5\u8bdd\u3002\u5927\u81f4\u610f\u601d\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u80fd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5f97\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u201cpassing interest\u201d\u5728\u6709\u9053\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e2d\u88ab\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u53ea\u662f\u8fc7\u773c\u763e\u7684\u201d\uff0cso mean\u2026\u2026\u767e\u5ea6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u662f\u201c\u8fc7\u773c\u70df\u4e91\u201d\uff0c360\u7ffb\u8bd1\u662f\u201c\u65e0\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u201d\uff0c\u7528\u6709\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u7528\u201c\u8f6c\u77ac\u5373\u901d\u201d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e0a\u767e\u5ea6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u539f\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u90fd\u4e0d\u7ea6\u800c\u540c\u5730\u628a\u201cphysical theories of passing interest\u201d\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u201cXXX\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u201d\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e0d\u662f\u7269\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u672c\u8eab\u8fc7\u773c\u70df\u4e91\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u6240\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u4f53\u7cfb\uff08\u5373\u90a3\u4e2ainterest\uff09\u662f\u8fc7\u773c\u70df\u4e91\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u867d\u7136\u7528\u4e86of\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u540e\u9762\u4fee\u9970\u524d\u9762\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3atheories of xxx\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662ftheories about\uff0c\u60ef\u4f8b\u4e0a\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u7528of\u7684\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8ddfinterest\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662ftheory of great help\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u540e\u9762\u4fee\u9970\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These contrasting standpoints are reconciled by a keener appraisal of the role a theory is to play. A theory is not a gospel to be believed and sworn upon as an article of faith, nor must two different and seemingly contradictory theories battle each other to the death. A theory is a mathematical model for an aspect of nature. One good theory extracts and exaggerates some facets of the truth. Another good theory may idealize other facets. A theory cannot duplicate nature, for if it did so in all respects, it would be isomorphic to nature itself and hence useless, a mere repetition of all the complexity which nature presents to us, that very complexity we frame theories to penetrate and set aside.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u67096\u53e5\u8bdd\u3002\u7b2c1\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u201cis to play\u201d\u662fbe to do sth.\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u8fd9\u91cc\u8868\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5e94\u7136\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u88ab\u5b89\u6392\u3001\u88ab\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u8981\u8bd1\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u597d\u50cf\u90fd\u7b80\u5355\u8bd1\u6210\u4e86\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u50cf\u5f00\u5934\u7684these\u6307\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u662f\u4e0a\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bb2\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u8981\u4e0a\u6765\u5c31\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201d\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u539f\u6587\u672c\u6765\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u201c\u627f\u4e0a\u542f\u4e0b\u201d\u5c31\u88ab\u4f60\u7ed9\u8bd1\u6ca1\u4e86\u3002\u51e1\u662f\u6709\u4ee3\u8bcd\u90fd\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5148\u641e\u6e05\u5b83\u6307\u8c01\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bd1\u5f97\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4e0a\u6765\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u8bd1\u4ee3\u8bcd\u7684\u901a\u4e49\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff0c\u6574\u53e5\u8bdd\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7406\u8bba\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u79cd\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u7f13\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c2\u53e5\u867d\u7136\u957f\u4f46\u662f\u4e2anot…nor\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b97\u96be\u61c2\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u5168\u79f0\u5224\u65ad\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4efb\u4e00\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u201cany\u201d\u800c\u7b80\u5355\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8bcd\u3002\u4f46\u4e2d\u6587\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u79f0\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u4f1a\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u91cf\u4fee\u9970\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u522b\u4e0a\u6765\u5c31\u65e0\u8111\u5730\u628a\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8bcd\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201d\u3002\u7b2c2\u53e5\u6709\u4e2d\u6587\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u201c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u662fxxx\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662fxxx\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u201cnor must two different and seemingly contradictory theories battle each other to the death\u201d\u5728\u540e\u6587\u4f1a\u6709\u4e2a\u547c\u5e94\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u9762\u8bb2\u5230\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4f1a\u518d\u63d0\u53ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u7b2c3\u53e5\u662f\u4e00\u53e5\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u8be5\u8bd1\u4e3a\uff1a\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u67d0\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u540c\u5b66\u90fd\u8bd1\u6210\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd\u6837\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u89c9\u5f97\u8fdd\u548c\u3002\u8bf4\u4e25\u91cd\u4e9b\u5e94\u8be5\u53ef\u80fd\u8fde\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u662f\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u90fd\u90fd\u6ca1\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e0b\u7684\u662f\u5168\u6587\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c2\u53e5\u548c\u7b2c3\u53e5\u5171\u540c\u7ec4\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u53cd\u4e00\u6b63\u3002\u7b2c2\u53e5\u53ea\u8bf4\u201c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\uff0c\u7b2c3\u53e5\u5219\u6b63\u9762\u8bf4\u51fa\u201c\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u56db\u53e5\u7684One\u548c\u7b2c\u4e94\u53e5\u7684Another\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u4e24\u53e5\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684facets\uff0c\u7b2c4\u53e5\u662fsome\u7b2c5\u53e5\u662fother\u4e5f\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u7b2c4\u53e5\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fc7\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\uff1b\u7b2c5\u53e5\u7528\u5c31\u8d76\u5feb\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcdmay\uff0c\u9000\u8ba9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u4e00\u79cd\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u800c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u8fd9\u65b9\u5938\u5927\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u90a3\u65b9\u7406\u60f3\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2atheory\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u6837good\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3agood\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u53e5\u4e2d\u662f\u91cd\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5e26\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u7406\u8bba\u5bf9\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u5938\u5927\u540d\u7406\u60f3\u5316\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u597d\u574f\u201d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6709\u5982\u97f3\u4e50\u822c\u7684dynamics\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u8d77\u6765\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u7b2c4\u53e5\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u62bc\u97f5extract and exaggerates\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u3002extract\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u673a\u7ffb\u4e00\u5f8b\u8bd1\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u63d0\u53d6\u201d\uff0c\u7167\u6284\u673a\u7ffb\u7684\u8bdd\u5c31\u592a\u7b28\u62d9\u4e86\uff0c\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u63d0\u70bc\u201d\u4e0d\u66f4\u597d\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c6\u53e5\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u662f\u8bed\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5355\u53e5\uff1f\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u4ecea mere repetition\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u5462\uff1f\u5176\u5b9e\uff0cit would be\u540e\u63a5\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u8868\u8bed\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8bed\u662f\u5e76\u5217\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7ec4isomorphic to nature itself and hence useless\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8868\u8bed\u662f\u540d\u8bcda mere repetition\u3002\u81f3\u4e8ethat vary complexity\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u662f\u524d\u9762\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u7684\u90a3\u4e2acomplexity\u7684\u540c\u4f4d\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528the\u7528that\uff0c\u8868\u201c\u6070\u4e3a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u800c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u8981\u8bd1\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd8\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u6bb5\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6298\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u5f00\u5934\u7528\u4e86\u4e2a\u201cOf course\u201d\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u201c\u8bda\u7136\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6574\u6bb5\u4e2d\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6c\u6298\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8f6c\u6298\u662f\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6bb5\u5f00\u5934\u70b9\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u201cThese contrasting standpoints are reconciled by xxx\u201d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e24\u6bb5\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5927\u6982\u50cf\u201c\u8bda\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e24\u6781\u5206\u5316\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u6df1\u5bf9\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u7f13\u548c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n<\/div> ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Of course these discoveries have brought with them different attitudes toward theories of nature. Those who push forward the frontiers of experiment cannot wait for the thoughtful, critical, and hence cautious and slow analysis that mathematics has always demanded. Mathematicians, for their part, cannot afford to waste their time on physical theories of passing interest. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[303],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rheo"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1aPvF-26U","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":8112,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8112","url_meta":{"origin":8116,"position":0},"title":"C. Truesdell\u6587\u7ae0\u9009\u6bb5\u8d4f\u8bfb\uff08\u4e00\uff09","author":"Andrew","date":"2021\u5e741\u670815\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"The ancient Greek philosophers speculated whether matter were an assembly of tiny, invisible, and immutable particles, or a continuous expanse. As the quantitative, mathematical science of the West developed, the debate continued but became more and more definite and detailed. The great theorists proposed specific mathematical theories, restricted to certain\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7b14\u8bb0"","block_context":{"text":"\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7b14\u8bb0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/rheo"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8122,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8122","url_meta":{"origin":8116,"position":1},"title":"C. Truesdell\u6587\u7ae0\u9009\u6bb5\u8d4f\u8bfb\uff08\u4e09\uff09","author":"Andrew","date":"2021\u5e741\u670815\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"If a theory were not simpler than the phenomena it was designed to model, it would serve no purpose. Like a portrait, it can represent only a part of the subject it pictures. This part it exaggerates, if only because it leaves out the rest. Its simplicity is its virtue,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7b14\u8bb0"","block_context":{"text":"\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7b14\u8bb0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/rheo"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8206,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8206","url_meta":{"origin":8116,"position":2},"title":"\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5386\u53f2\uff08\u4e00\uff09","author":"Andrew","date":"2021\u5e748\u670816\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u524d\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u505a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\uff08viscoelasticity\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u3002 \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0aMaria Grazia Ianniello\u4f5c\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u5de5\u4f5c\u200b(Ianniello 1993)\u200b\u200b*\u200b\uff0c\u6211\u5199\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u4e5f\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u5979\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u770b\u8fc7\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u732e\u7684\u539f\u6587\uff08\u89c1\u6b64\u6587\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u53bb\u770bIanniello\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u6587\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u5979\u5173\u6ce8\u7ec6\u8282\u8ddf\u6211\u4e00\u6837\u591a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u770b\u5f97\u548c\u60f3\u5f97\u6bd4\u6211\u66f4\u4ed4\u7ec6\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u5173\u7167\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e5f\u548c\u6211\u5f88\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5f88\u4fe1\u8d56\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u66f4\u65e9\u4e9b\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u8bba\u6587\u200b(D\u00f6rries 1991)\u200b\uff0c\u4ece\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u4f59\u6548\u201d\uff08Nachwirking\uff09\u4e0e\u201c\u8fdf\u6ede\u201d\uff08histeresis\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u56de\u987e\u4e8619\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u53f2\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u5982Ianniello\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d0\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u200b(Tanner and Walters 1998)\u200b\u7684\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u96be\u514d\u4e5f\u6d41\u4e8e\u6cdb\u6cdb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c97\u7565\u7684\u63d0\u7eb2\u548c\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u6765\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cHershel Markovitz\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u53f2\u603b\u7ed3\u66f4\u52a0\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u5411\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u66f4\u5bcc\u6709\u6d1e\u89c1\u200b(Markovitz 1968, 1977, 1985)\u200b\u3002\u200b(Doraiswamy 2002)\u200b\u4e5f\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5168\u9762\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6eaf\u6e90\u8d44\u6599\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u200b(Tanner 2002)\u200b\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u6d41\u53d8\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b66\u4e2d\u6b63\u5f26\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002 \u5df2\u6545\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u90d1\u878d\u8001\u5e08\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u5199\u6ee1\u4e86\u810d\u7099\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u53f2\u8bdd\u3002 1. \u4eca\u5929\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u201c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u201d \u201c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u201d\uff08viscoelasticity\uff09\u662f\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6216\u529b\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bcd\u3002 Ferry\u5bf9\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u552f\u8c61\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u200b(Ferry 1980)\u200b\u3002\u800c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u89c1\u4e8e\u5404\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6559\u6750\u3002\u503c\u63d0\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\u632f\u8361\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5728\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6846\u67b6\u5728\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u201c\u5927\u5e45\u632f\u8361\u526a\u5207\u201d\uff08large amplitude oscillatory shear\uff0cLAOS\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5927\u578b\u7efc\u8ff0\u200b(Hyun et al. 2011)\u200b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u65e9\u4e86\uff0c\u5176\u4e4b\u540e\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7efc\u8ff0\u6709\u200b(Bird and Giacomin 2016)\u200b\u548c\u200b(Voigtmann 2014)\u200b\u3002 \u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u529b\u5b66\u4e4b\u5916\u6709\u66f4\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u677e\u5f1b\uff08\u5f1b\u8c6b\uff09\u73b0\u8c61\u200b\u2020\u200b\uff0c\u5728\u7535\u78c1\u5b66\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64Oppenheim\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u200b(Oppenheim et al. 1997)\u200b\u4e2d\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ddf\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u662f\u76f8\u901a\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u901a\u7528\u672c\u6784\u2014\u2014Boltzmann\u65b9\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u65f6\u4e0d\u53d8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5377\u79ef\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u53f2\u8ddf\u7535\u78c1\u5b66\u548c\u7535\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u5ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u3002 \u81f3\u4e8e\u5b8f\u89c2\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5b8f\u89c2\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5f1b\u8c6b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5b8f\u89c2\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5f1b\u8c6b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u70ed\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5730\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u54cd\u5e94\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u200b(Evans and Morriss 2008)\u200b\u548c\u200b(Kreuzer 1981)\u200b\u3002 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u5bf9\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u5728\u56de\u987e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u5173\u6ce8\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4eba\u4ece\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73b0\u8c61\u6240\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6700\u521d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8ddf\u4eca\u5929\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u548c\u5dee\u8ddd\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f\u4e4b\u540e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u201c\u677e\u5f1b\u201d\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\uff1f 2. \u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66 \u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\u5bf9\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u864e\u514b\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u725b\u987f\u7c98\u6027\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\u3002\u4ece\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u672c\u6784\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5e0c\u671b\u542c\u4f17\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80cc\u666f\u6709\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u200b\u2021\u200b\u3002 \u9996\u5148\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u6b27\u62c9\u628a\u725b\u987f\u8fd0\u52a8\u5b9a\u5f8b\u63a8\u5e7f\u81f3\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u5e76\u63a8\u5bfc\u4e86\u521a\u4f53\u548c\u7406\u60f3\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u200b(Truesdell 1960a, 1968)\u200b\u200b\u00a7\u200b\u3002\u8fd9\u5927\u6982\u662f\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002 \u5173\u4e8e\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f2f\u52aa\u5229\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ed61738\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684Hydrodynamica\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\u200b(Truesdell 1960a, 1968)\u200b\u3002\u4f2f\u52aa\u5229\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u673a\u68b0\u80fd\u4e0e\u91cd\u529b\u52bf\u80fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u3002\u4ec5\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u80fd\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b88\u6052\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u529b\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\uff08\u5373\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516c\u8bbe\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u4e0e\u70ed\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7b49\u4e00\u540c\u7ea0\u7f20\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u624d\u7b97\u786e\u7acb\u3002\u2026","rel":"","context":"In 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Truesdell\u6587\u7ae0\u9009\u6bb5\u8d4f\u8bfb\uff1a\u5f15\u5b50","author":"Andrew","date":"2021\u5e741\u670815\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u7ed9\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u4e0a\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8bfe\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bfe\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u7ed9\u5316\u7c7b\u548c\u6750\u6599\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u8865\u4e60\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u7269\u7406\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u672c\u6784\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u6211\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u8bb2\u6388\u6c34\u5e73\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5b66\u751f\u542c\u4e0d\u61c2\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bfe\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u4e3b\u8981\u602a\u6211\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bfe\u7684\u671f\u672b\u8003\u5bdf\u4e0d\u4ee5\u201c\u8003\u201d\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u4e86C. 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J. Flory\u7684\u201c\u90a3\u672c\u4e66\u201d\u2014\u2014Principles of Polymer Chemistry\u4e2d\uff08\u51fa\u7248\u4e8e1953\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u7531\u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u0301\u043b \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0301\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0301\u0439\u043d\uff08M. V. Volkenstein\uff09\u57281959\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0439\uff08\u805a\u5408\u7269\u94fe\u7684\u6784\u8c61\u7edf\u8ba1\uff09\u4e2d\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u30021963\u5e74\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\uff0cP. J. Flory\u5728\u5e8f\u4e2d\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8d5e\u8d4f\u4e86\u8be5\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u540e\u8005\u7684\u201c\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u201d\u2014\u2014Statistical Mechanics of Chain Molecules\u4e5f\u4e8e1969\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u65cb\u8f6c\u5f02\u6784\u6001\u2014\u2014\u8ba1\u7b97\u771f\u5b9e\u805a\u5408\u7269\u94fe\u7edf\u8ba1\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8fd1\u4f3c\u601d\u60f3\u2014\u2014\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u52a0\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\uff09\u3002 M. Volkenstein\u539f\u8457\u5c01\u9762 \u65cb\u8f6c\u5f02\u6784\u6001\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u63cf\u8ff0\u771f\u5b9e\u94fe\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u952e\u8282\u590d\u6742\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u81ea\u4e0d\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u952e\u8282\u65cb\u8f6c\u52bf\u80fd\u66f2\u7ebf\u2014\u2014\u6709\u4e86\u53ef\u5199\u4e0b\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6570\u5b66\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4ece\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5047\u8bbe\u9020\u6210\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u6570\u5b66\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u79bb\u6563\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u5f88\u50cf\u7531\u201c\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u201d\u5230\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u6070\u597d\u662f\u7535\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u95ee\u4e16\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u79bb\u6563\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u4ee3\u6570\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u843d\u5b9e\u5230\u8f6c\u79fb\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e0a\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u65cb\u8f6c\u5f02\u6784\u6001\u5047\u8bbe\u5bf9\u771f\u5b9e\u94fe\u8fdb\u884c\u79bb\u6563\u5316\u63cf\u8ff0\u540e\uff0c\u6709\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u51fa\u94fe\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7528\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u8fd9\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u5174\u594b\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u95e8\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u800c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6027\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u9879\u7406\u8bba\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u201c\u53e6\u591650%\u52aa\u529b\u201d\u3002Volkenstein\u539f\u4e66\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u5076\u6781\u77e9\u6d4b\u91cf\u3001\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u3001Kerr\u6548\u5e94\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u65cb\u8f6c\u5f02\u6784\u6001\u5047\u8bbe\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u85cf\u5728\u590d\u6742\u800c\u95f4\u63a5\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u591a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5047\u5b9a\uff08\u6bd4\u5982valence-optical scheme\uff09\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002 \u4ece\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u6db2\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u82e5\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u524d\u8005\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u524d\u4e8e\u540e\u8005\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u514d\u4e0d\u4e86\u8981\u5728\u6db2\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6709\u5148\u950b\u5f0f\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u8fd9\u5728Flory\u7684Principles in Polymer Chemistry\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u662f\u6709\u6240\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u7edf\u8ba1\u90e8\u5206\uff0cFlory\u201c\u5570\u55e6\u201d\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bdd\uff08p. 497 sec. 1a\u7684\u7b2c2\u81ea\u7136\u6bb5\uff09\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u9053\u51fa\u4e86\u6db2\u4f53\u7684\u5f84\u5411\u5206\u5e03\u51fd\u6570\u6982\u5ff5\uff01\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0cVolkenstein\u7684\u539f\u4e66\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u0412\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0438\u043d\uff08V. A. Kargin\uff09\u5173\u4e8e\u6db2\u6001\u7684\u843d\u540e\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728Kargin\u5f53\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u6297\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u540c\u884c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u3002\u0418\u043b\u044c\u044f\u0301 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0301\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041b\u0438\u0301\u0444\u0448\u0438\u0446\uff08I. M. Lifshitz\uff09\u7684\u66f4\u52a0\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u89c2\u70b9\uff081968\u5e74\uff09\u88ab\u63a8\u8fdf\u5230\u65af\u5927\u6797\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u518d\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u76f4\u63a5\u770bFlory\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002Flory\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u548c\u540e\u671f\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u540c\u4e8b\u548c\u5b66\u751f\uff1aJ. Mark\u3001A. Abe\u3001R. Jernigan\u3001A. Tonelli\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6d4b\u91cf\u7ed3\u679c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86Volkenstein\u94fe\u7edf\u8ba1\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8457\u540d\u63d2\u56fe\u3002 \u7528Monte Carlo\u6a21\u62df\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7acb\u4f53\u5f02\u6784\u65e0\u89c4\u94fe\u7279\u5f81\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e0e\u7406\u8bba\u8ba1\u7b97\u7279\u5f81\u6bd4\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u56fe","rel":"","context":"In "\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6"","block_context":{"text":"\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/featured"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.jpg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8116"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8133,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8116\/revisions\/8133"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}