{"id":6221,"date":"2015-01-28T00:59:08","date_gmt":"2015-01-27T16:59:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/?p=6221"},"modified":"2015-01-28T00:59:08","modified_gmt":"2015-01-27T16:59:08","slug":"j-chem-educ-%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84%e6%b5%81%e5%8f%98%e5%ad%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/6221","title":{"rendered":"J. Chem. Educ.\u4e0a\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u8ba2\u9605ACS\u7684J. Chem. Educ.<\/em>\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u6700\u8fd1\u5bc6\u96c6\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u51e0\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u53bb\u627e\u627eJ. Chem. Educ.<\/em>\u4ece\u521b\u520a\u4ee5\u6765\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u90fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528rheology\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u641c\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u91cc\u9762\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u6311\u9009\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

1929\u5e74\u6b63\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u90a3\u5e74\uff0cBingham\u5728J. Chem. Educ.<\/em>\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e24\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u79d1[1]<\/a><\/span>[2]<\/a><\/span>\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u9664\u4e86\u5c42\u6d41\u548c\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e4b\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u6d41\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u5c48\u670d\u548c\u5851\u6027\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u4ed6\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u8d28\u662f\u80f6\u4f53\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u5bbe\u6c49\u6d41\u4f53\u662f\u4ee5\u4ed6\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u7684\u30021930\u5e74\uff0cJ. Chem. Educ.<\/em>\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u5c40\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u6d88\u606f[3]<\/a><\/span>[4]<\/a><\/span>\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u4f1a\u8bae\u8bba\u6587\u53ca\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709Bingham\u3001Reiner\u548cScott-Blair\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u5176\u4e2dReiner\u6f14\u8bb2\u9898\u76ee\u7adf\u7136\u53eb\u505aThe General Equation of Flow!<\/em>\uff08\u539f\u6807\u9898\u5c31\u542b\u611f\u53f9\u53f7\uff09\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u5f88\u597d\u5947\u6f14\u8bb2\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u8df3\u5230\u4e8660\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cFerry\u5728J. Chem. Educ.<\/em>\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66[5]<\/a><\/span>\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0a\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u4e5f\u80fd\u50a8\u5b58\u80fd\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u88ab\u63a5\u4f38\u201d\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u71b5\u5f39\u6027\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u677e\u5f1b\u8c31\u3002<\/p>\n

Weissenberg\u6548\u5e94\u662f1940\u5e74\u4ee3\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u4e00\u76f4\u523060\u5e74\u4ee3\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u8fd8\u5904\u4e8e\u53d1\u73b0\u54ea\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\u4f1a\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u30021961\u5e74Nature<\/em>\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u86cb\u767d\u6709Weissenberg\u6548\u5e94[6]<\/a><\/span>\u3002\u5728J. Chem. Educ.<\/em>\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u80f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6f14\u793aWeissenberg\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u6750\u6599[7]<\/a><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u662f1920\u5e74\u3002\u8fd9\u521a\u597d\u4e5f\u662fStaudinger\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u8bba\u805a\u5408\u300b\u7684\u90a3\u5e74\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6982\u5ff5\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5b66\u8005\u5173\u6ce8\u590d\u6742\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u80f6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\u6837\u54c1\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u90fd\u53eb\u80f6\u4f53\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\uff08\u5f53\u53ebelastic aftereffect\uff09\u3001\u7c98\u5ea6\u7684\u526a\u5207\u901f\u7387\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u57281920\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5f97\u6bd4\u597d\u4e86\uff08\u4ee5Maxwell\u7528\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u666e\u904d\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\uff09[8]<\/a><\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4ee5\u864e\u514b\u548c\u725b\u987f\u4e3a\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6cca\u8083\u53f6\u3001\u67ef\u897f\u3001Maxwell\u548cBoltzmann\u7b49\u4eba\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u8fde\u7eed\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u56f4\u3002Reiner\u5728\u542c\u8bf4Bingham\u8981\u63d0\u51fa\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u56de\u590d\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ebf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u540e\u7eed\u8fd8\u6709Rivlin\u3001Oldroyd\u3001Noll\u3001Truesdell\u7b49\u4eba\u6cbf\u7740\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7406\u6027\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8def\u5b50\u8d70\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u540e\u6765\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u771f\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u4e4b\u540e\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ebf\u7814\u7a76\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53e6\u5916\u518d\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5Bingham\u5728J. Chem. Educ.<\/em>\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u7acb\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u5927\u5bb6\u6240\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u662f\u5851\u6027\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u5373\u8ddf\u5f53\u65f6\u5173\u4e8e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u672c\u6784\u65b9\u7a0b\u7814\u7a76\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u3001\u90a3\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u5c48\u670d\u5e94\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\uff08\u5728Bingham\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e73\u6db2\u6837\u54c1\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n

The hydraulicians were not aware that there is more than the one type of flow, and the type with which they were occupied did not help much in solving problems concerning the constitution of matter.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u6d41\u4f53\uff08\u662f\u6307\u80f6\u4f53\u5206\u6563\u4f53\u7cfb\uff09\u6837\u54c1\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u88ab\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u5316\u5b66\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u672a\u80fd\u53ca\u65f6\u5f15\u8d77\u4f20\u7edf\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n

The analogy of Poiseuille’s law to Ohm’s law pointed out above has been overlooked, … This error would have been quickly corrected by a study of experimental results, but unfortunately on mixing many pairs of liquids there results some sort of chemical combination or dissociation with a concomitant change in the fluidity.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u662f\u590d\u6742\u6d41\u4f53\u540e\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u70b9\uff1a\u89e6\u53d8\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u786e\u7acb\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u80f6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u3002\u4ece\u524d\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e0a\u6f14\u8bb2\u7684\u4eba\u548c\u9898\u76ee\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u590d\u6742\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fRivlin\u3001Noll\u90a3\u62e8\u4eba\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u53d1\u5c55\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3Flory\u7684\u94fe\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e13\u8457\uff09\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u968f\u4e4b\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u624d\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4f53\u7cfb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u843d\u811a\u70b9\u300260\u5e74\u4ee3Ferry\u4ece\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u632f\u8361\u526a\u5207\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff09\u5230\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u505a\u4e86\u96c6\u5927\u6210\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66\u6807\u9898\u5c31\u53eb\u505aViscoelastic Properties of Polymers<\/em>\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff0c\u4eceLodge\u3001BKZ\u3001Doi-Edwards\u5230Marrucci\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u80fd\u591f\u975e\u5e38\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u9884\u6d4b\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u652f\u5316\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u6027\u8d28\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u80f6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff0c\u5728\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5149\u662f\u5c48\u670d\u5e94\u529b\u548c\u89e6\u53d8\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u957f\u671f\u6311\u6218\u7740\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4eea\u5668\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4f53\u79ef\u5206\u6570\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u80f6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u624d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e00\u76f4\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u548c\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u8fd8\u70ed\u95e8\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u66f4\u9051\u8bba\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e86\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0csoft glassy rheology\uff08SGR\uff09\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5f80\u7ec6\u5316\u6210\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6027\u539f\u7406\u80f6\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u8def\u8981\u8d70\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4ece\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u80f6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u5f15\u8d77\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u4ece\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u89d2\u5ea6\uff09\uff0c\u80f6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5374\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u843d\u540e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

J. Chem. Educ.<\/em>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u6559\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u671f\u520a\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u80f6\u4f53\u548c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u9886\u57df\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u4ea4\u53c9\u5ef6\u4f38\u5f97\u4e5f\u5f88\u5e7f\u3002\u5728J. Chem. Educ.<\/em>\u4e0a\u5e74\u4ee3\u8f83\u8fd1\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u8ddf\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6709\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u4e0d\u518d\u6545\u4f5c\u795e\u79d8\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8da3\u5473\u3002\u6211\u6700\u8fd1\u770b\u5230\u76842014\u5e74\u7684\u51e0\u7bc7\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u7ed9\u5b66\u751f\u4e0a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bfe\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u51fa\u7528PVA\u548c\u787c\u9178\u76d0\u5236\u5907\u65e0\u6bd2\u7684\u975e\u725b\u987f\u6d41\u4f53[9]<\/a><\/span>\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf4\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6559\u5b66\u751f\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5316\u88c5\u54c1\u3001\u8425\u517b\u54c1\u3001\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u7c7b\u522b\u3002[10]<\/a><\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7528\u5230\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u90fd\u662fBrookfield\u7c98\u5ea6\u8ba1\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u540e\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684supporting information\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u9891\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u91cc\u9762\u653e\u4e86N\u53f0Brookfield\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u7c98\u5ea6\u8ba1\uff0c\u6bcf\u53f0\u7c98\u5ea6\u8ba1\u914d\u4e00\u53f0\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u7b80\u76f4\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u516c\u5171\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8fd8\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bfe\u662f\u4e3a\u536b\u751f\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u5f00\u8bbe\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u8981\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u7684\u62a4\u536b\u7528\u54c1\u3001\u65e5\u7528\u54c1\u548c\u8425\u517b\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u679c\u7136\u6709\u94b1\u5c31\u662f\u4efb\u6027\u3002\u5012\u662f\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u7bc7\u8fd8\u5728arXiv\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\uff0c\u8bf4\u7531\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u4eea\u6bd4\u8f83\u6602\u8d35\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7ec6\u8282\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u7ed9\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u5236\u7684\u5ec9\u4ef7\u6d41\u53d8\u4eea\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u89c2\u6d4b\u526a\u5207\u589e\u7a20\u6d41\u4f53\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53bb\u770b\u526a\u5207\u589e\u7a20\u5462\uff1f\u6587\u4e2d\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n

A student laboratory experiment will excite more interest if it is novel, if it explores a dramatic phenomenon, and if it is related to students\u2019 everyday experience.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u62c5\u4efb\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5728\u6211\u62c5\u4efb\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4ee3\u8bfe\u673a\u4f1a\u4e2d\u8bb2\u8fc7\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u90fd\u662f\u53ea\u80fd\u62bd\u51fa1\u52302\u4e2a\u8bfe\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e48\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff0c\u8bb2\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u6548\u679c\uff1f\u6211\u60f3\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u7559\u4e0b\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5bf9\u4e8e\u770b\u677e\u9f20\u4f1a\u3001\u679c\u58f3\u65f6\u4ee3\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4ee3\uff0c\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u4e0a\u5370\u7684\u9648\u5e74\u9ed1\u767d\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u636e\uff08\u65e0\u5eb8\u7f6e\u7591\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u2014\u2014\uff09\uff0c\u753b\u98ce\u8ddf\u8bed\u6587\u4e66\u4e0a\u7684\u675c\u752b\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u5176\u538b\u6291\u611f\u4ee4\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u5fcd\u4e0d\u4f4f\u7eb7\u7eb7\u7ed9\u5b83\u521b\u4f5c\u5404\u79cd\u540c\u4eba\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u79d1\u5b66\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u5145\u6ee1\u6d3b\u751f\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7406\u7531\u548c\u6e90\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u60ca\u5947\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86Sheldon\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u58f0bazzinga\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u75f4\u8ff7\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u96be\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

References<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. <\/a>\nE.C. Bingham, \"Rheology. I. The nature of fluid flow\", Journal of Chemical Education<\/i>, vol. 6, pp. 1113, 1929. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021\/ed006p1113<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n
  2. <\/a>\nE.C. Bingham, \"Rheology. II. The nature of plastic flow and its relation to fluid flow\", Journal of Chemical Education<\/i>, vol. 6, pp. 1206, 1929. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021\/ed006p1206<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n
  3. <\/a>\n. Science Service, \"New science of flow christened rheology\", Journal of Chemical Education<\/i>, vol. 7, pp. 890, 1930. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021\/ed007p890<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n
  4. <\/a>\n\"Preliminary program of the Society of Rheology\", Journal of Chemical Education<\/i>, vol. 7, pp. 129, 1930. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021\/ed007p129<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n
  5. <\/a>\nJ.D. Ferry, \"Rheology in the world of neglected dimensions\", Journal of Chemical Education<\/i>, vol. 38, pp. 110, 1961. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021\/ed038p110<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n
  6. <\/a>\nH.G. MULLER, \"Weissenberg Effect in the Thick White of the Hen's Egg\", Nature<\/i>, vol. 189, pp. 213-214, 1961. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/189213b0<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n
  7. <\/a>\nJ.H. Wiegand, \"Demonstrating the Weissenberg effect with gelatin\", Journal of Chemical Education<\/i>, vol. 40, pp. 475, 1963. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021\/ed040p475<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n
  8. <\/a>\nH. Markovitz, \"The emergence of rheology\", Physics Today<\/i>, vol. 21, pp. 23-30, 1968. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1063\/1.3034918<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n
  9. <\/a>\nG.A. Hurst, M. Bella, and C.G. Salzmann, \"The Rheological Properties of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Gels from Rotational Viscometry\", Journal of Chemical Education<\/i>, vol. 92, pp. 940-945, 2014. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021\/ed500415r<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n
  10. <\/a>\nC. Faustino, A.F. Bettencourt, A. Alfaia, and L. Pinheiro, \"Introducing Students to Rheological Classification of Foods, Cosmetics, and Pharmaceutical Excipients Using Common Viscous Materials\", Journal of Chemical Education<\/i>, vol. 92, pp. 936-939, 2015. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021\/ed4008364<\/a>\n\n\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<\/div> ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u8ba2\u9605ACS\u7684J. Chem. Educ.\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u6700\u8fd1\u5bc6\u96c6\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u51e0\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u53bb\u627e\u627eJ. Chem. Educ.\u4ece\u521b\u520a\u4ee5\u6765\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u90fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u3002 \u7528rheology\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u641c\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u91cc\u9762\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u6311\u9009\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fa\u6765\u3002 1929\u5e74\u6b63\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u90a3\u5e74\uff0cBingham\u5728J. Chem. Educ.\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e24\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u9664\u4e86\u5c42\u6d41\u548c\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e4b\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u6d41\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u5c48\u670d\u548c\u5851\u6027\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u4ed6\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u8d28\u662f\u80f6\u4f53\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u5bbe\u6c49\u6d41\u4f53\u662f\u4ee5\u4ed6\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u7684\u30021930\u5e74\uff0cJ. Chem. Educ.\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u5c40\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u4f1a\u8bae\u8bba\u6587\u53ca\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709Bingham\u3001Reiner\u548cScott-Blair\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u5176\u4e2dReiner\u6f14\u8bb2\u9898\u76ee\u7adf\u7136\u53eb\u505aThe General Equation of Flow!\uff08\u539f\u6807\u9898\u5c31\u542b\u611f\u53f9\u53f7\uff09\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u5f88\u597d\u5947\u6f14\u8bb2\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u3002 \u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u8df3\u5230\u4e8660\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cFerry\u5728J. Chem. Educ.\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0a\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u4e5f\u80fd\u50a8\u5b58\u80fd\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u88ab\u63a5\u4f38\u201d\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u71b5\u5f39\u6027\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u677e\u5f1b\u8c31\u3002 Weissenberg\u6548\u5e94\u662f1940\u5e74\u4ee3\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u4e00\u76f4\u523060\u5e74\u4ee3\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u8fd8\u5904\u4e8e\u53d1\u73b0\u54ea\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\u4f1a\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u30021961\u5e74Nature\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u86cb\u767d\u6709Weissenberg\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5728J. Chem. Educ.\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u80f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6f14\u793aWeissenberg\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002 \u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u662f1920\u5e74\u3002\u8fd9\u521a\u597d\u4e5f\u662fStaudinger\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u8bba\u805a\u5408\u300b\u7684\u90a3\u5e74\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6982\u5ff5\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5b66\u8005\u5173\u6ce8\u590d\u6742\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u80f6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\u6837\u54c1\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u90fd\u53eb\u80f6\u4f53\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\uff08\u5f53\u53ebelastic aftereffect\uff09\u3001\u7c98\u5ea6\u7684\u526a\u5207\u901f\u7387\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u57281920\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5f97\u6bd4\u597d\u4e86\uff08\u4ee5Maxwell\u7528\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u666e\u904d\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4ee5\u864e\u514b\u548c\u725b\u987f\u4e3a\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6cca\u8083\u53f6\u3001\u67ef\u897f\u3001Maxwell\u548cBoltzmann\u7b49\u4eba\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u8fde\u7eed\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u56f4\u3002Reiner\u5728\u542c\u8bf4Bingham\u8981\u63d0\u51fa\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u56de\u590d\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ebf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u540e\u7eed\u8fd8\u6709Rivlin\u3001Oldroyd\u3001Noll\u3001Truesdell\u7b49\u4eba\u6cbf\u7740\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7406\u6027\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8def\u5b50\u8d70\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u540e\u6765\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u771f\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u4e4b\u540e\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ebf\u7814\u7a76\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53e6\u5916\u518d\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5Bingham\u5728J. Chem. Educ.\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u7acb\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u5927\u5bb6\u6240\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u662f\u5851\u6027\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u5373\u8ddf\u5f53\u65f6\u5173\u4e8e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u672c\u6784\u65b9\u7a0b\u7814\u7a76\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u3001\u90a3\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u5c48\u670d\u5e94\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\uff08\u5728Bingham\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e73\u6db2\u6837\u54c1\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a The hydraulicians were not aware that there is more than the one type of flow, and the type with which they were occupied did not help much in solving problems […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[212],"tags":[51,165],"class_list":["post-6221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-aside","hentry","category-tagged","tag-education","tag-rheology","post_format-post-format-aside"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1aPvF-1Cl","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":8462,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8462","url_meta":{"origin":6221,"position":0},"title":"\u6db2\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u3001\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e0e\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66","author":"Andrew","date":"2022\u5e746\u670816\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u6211\u5728\u77e5\u4e4e\u7f51\u7ad9\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u7b54\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6db2\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u539f\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5728\u95ee\u201c\u80fd\u5426\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u63a8\u51fa\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8003\u8651\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u6216\u8fd1\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u5f3a\u5173\u8054\u6027\u8d28\u7406\u8bba\u4f1a\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u5173\u5fc3\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u5728\u5b88\u6052\u5f8b\u4e0b\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf4\u767d\u4e86\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u5c31\u662fNS\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u51fa\u6211\u6240\u6599\u3002\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u786e\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\u201d\u628a\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u76f4\u63a5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u3002 \u76f4\u63a5\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0d\u662f\u672c\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u4f1a\u81f3\u4eca\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u8fd9\u4e48\u7a84\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6211\u731c\u6d4b\u8fd9\u662f\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002 \u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff08rheology\uff09\u53e6\u7acb\u95e8\u6237\u662fBingham\u7684\u4e3b\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728 Reiner\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6563\u6587\u4e2d\u5c31\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u3002 When I arrived, Bingham said to me, \u201cHere you, a civil engineer, and I, a chemist, are working together at joint problems. With the development of colloid chemistry, such a situation will be more and more common. We therefore must establish a branch of physics where\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0"","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":9291,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/9291","url_meta":{"origin":6221,"position":1},"title":"\u201c\u5fae\u6d41\u53d8\u201d\u672f\u8bed\u53f2","author":"Andrew","date":"2025\u5e7410\u670819\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201c\u5fae\u6d41\u53d8\u201d\uff08microrheology\uff09\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\u7684\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u662f\u4e13\u6307III. \u901a\u8fc7\u80f6\u4f53\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u70ed\u8fd0\u52a8\u7edf\u8ba1\u89c4\u5f8b\u53cd\u63a8\u60ac\u6d6e\u4ecb\u8d28\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u8ddf\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u533a\u522b\u3002 \u6839\u636e\u6211\u67e5\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u201cmicrorheology\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u73b0\u5728M. Reiner\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8bb2\u4e49\uff08Markus Reiner (1943), Ten Lectures on Theoretical Rheology, Rubin Mass\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e03\u8bb2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5957\u8bb2\u4e49\u540e\u6765\u5206\u522b\u57281949\u5e74\u548c1960\u5e74\u51fa\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248\u6709\u4e2d\u8bd1\u672c\uff1aM. \u96f7\u8bb7\u8457\uff0c\u90ed\u6709\u4e2d\u7b49\u8bd1\u300a\u7406\u8bba\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8bb2\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u7531\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u4e8e1965\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5927\u6982\u662f\u6307I. \u4ece\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u63a8\u51fa\u5b8f\u89c2\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0e\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u76f8\u533a\u522b\u3002\u540e\u8005\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u201cmacrorheology\u201d\u3002 \u5927\u6982\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u80f6\u4f53\u7c92\u5b50\u60ac\u6d6e\u6db2\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u5148\u9a71Stanley G. Mason\uff081914-1987\uff09\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5173\u4e8eMason\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d44\u6599\u53ef\u89c1\u4ed6\u7684\u81ea\u8ff0\u548c\u540e\u8f88\u5199\u7684appreciation\u3002Mason\u57281950\u5e74\u4ee3\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u6b63\u5f0f\u7814\u7a76\u60ac\u6d6e\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u4ed6\u521b\u7acb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u662fII. \u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7c92\u5b50\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u6d41\u573a\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5230\u4e86Mason\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u201cmicrorheology\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u53d8\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u624b\u6bb5\u3002Mason\u4e5f\u63a8\u5bfc\u8fc7\u80f6\u4f53\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u7528\u201cmicrorheology\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u63cf\u8481\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 Mason\u7684\u53ca\u5176\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u52301970\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u201cmicrorheology\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ea\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u96f6\u661f\u613f\u610f\u4f7f\u7528Reiner\u8bb2\u4e49\u7684\u8001\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u51af\u5143\u6862\u5148\u751f\u30021970\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u201cmicrorheology\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u88ab\u8840\u6db2\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5927\u91cf\u91c7\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4ecd\u662f\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8eMason\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002 \u6211\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u53d8\u6210\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u7b2cIII\u79cd\u7684\u6700\u65e9\u8bba\u6587\u662f1985\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u3002 \u4e0e\u201cmicrorheology\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u5341\u5206\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u201cmicroviscosity\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u53cd\u800c\u6700\u65e9\u5c31\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u4eca\u5929\u5bf9microrheology\u5e94\u8be5\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u57281929\u5e74\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5e74\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0cE. Kraemer & R. Williamson\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u201c\u6469\u64e6\u201d\uff08friction\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u5b8f\u89c2\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u7c98\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u7c92\u5b50\u4e0e\u5468\u56f4\u6d41\u573a\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u6469\u64e6\uff0c\u4e09\u662f\u7c92\u5b50\u5f62\u53d8\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6469\u64e6\u3002\u201cmicroviscosity\u201d\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5728IV. \u5fae\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0b\u7684\u7c98\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0e\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0b\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d4b\u5f97\u7684\u7c98\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u65e9\u5728\u201c\u80f6\u4f53\u201d\uff08colloid\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u675c\u64b0\u8005Thomas Graham\u57281861\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5c31\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u3002\u76d0\u5728\u660e\u80f6\u6216\u743c\u8102\u51dd\u80f6\u4e2d\u7684\u6269\u6563\u6bd4\u5c11\u6162\u4e0d\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u8005\u7684\u7c98\u5ea6\u6bd4\u6c34\u9ad8\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4ee4\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u5fae\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7269\u4f53\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\u7684\u7c98\u5ea6\u662f\u8ddf\u5b8f\u89c2\u6d4b\u91cf\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73b0\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u6563\u7684\u6548\u679c\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u7c98\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5728Einstein--Stokes\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u628a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u5173\u4e8eEinstein--Stokes\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u504f\u79bb\u5f53\u4f5c\u7c98\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u5173\u4e8eEinstein--Stokes\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u504f\u79bb\u5f53\u4f5c\u534a\u5f84\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fa\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u534a\u5f84\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u54b1\u505a\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f88\u5c11\u770b\u5230\u6709\u4ea4\u53c9\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u522b\u8bf4\u6709\u4eba\u53bbreconcile\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4e00\u6d3e\u4eba\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b8f\u89c2\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7c98\u5ea6\uff0c\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u660e\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6d3e\u4eba\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6000\u7591\u5206\u5b50\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u534a\u5f84\u201d\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u6d3e\u4eba\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u6d4b\u80f6\u4f53\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u60ac\u6d6e\u6db2\u4e2d\u6216\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u534a\u5f84\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u6216\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u5747\u65b9\u56de\u8f6c\u534a\u5f84\uff09\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u805a\u5408\u7269\u8bd5\u6837\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5206\u5b50\u5c3a\u5bf8\u53ea\u6709\u5e73\u5747\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8fd8\u53d7\u6eb6\u5242\u6eb6\u8d28\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u800c\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u88ab\u9690\u542b\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002","rel":"","context":"In 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\u2014\u2014\u81f3\u4eca\u770b\u6765\u4ecd\u628a\u8be5\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u65f6\uff081988\u5e74\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9a\u578b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u603b\u7ed3\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u79f0\u4e3a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u201c\u7ecf\u5178\u6a21\u578b\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff08hydrodynamic\uff09\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u660e\u660e\u6eb6\u8d28\u5206\u5b50\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6eb6\u8d28\u5219\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u6bb5\u5355\u5143\uff09\u4e0e\u6eb6\u5242\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u5dee\u522b\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u5374\u89c6\u540e\u8005\u4e3a\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u89c6\u524d\u8005\u4e3a\u60ac\u6d6e\u5728\u540e\u8005\u5f53\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u5e03\u6717\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u80f6\u4f53\u7c92\u5b50\u3002\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6240\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u5728\u89c2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5373\u6db2\u4f53\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6781\u9650\uff08hydrodynamic limit\uff09\uff0c\u8be6\u89c1The Theory of Simple Liquids\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f39\u6027\u54d1\u94c3\u3001Rouse--Zimm\u548cDoi--Edwards\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b64\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u662f\u90fd\u501f\u52a9\u4e86\u80f6\u4f53\u60ac\u6d6e\u6db2\u7684\u504f\u5e94\u529b\u5f20\u91cf\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7531Kramers\u63d0\u51fa\uff0cKirkwood\u96c6\u5927\u6210\u3002\u6b64\u5373\u4e3a\u8bb8\u8001\u5e08\u539f\u6587\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u8ffd\u6eaf\u523040\u5e74\u4ee3\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u5230\u4e86Smoluschowski\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684Oseen\u5f20\u91cf\u3002 \u76f8\u6bd4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u539f\u7406\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u53d1\u5c55\u8f83\u665a\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7b2c\u4e00\u539f\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u5fae\u89c2\u5355\u5143\uff08\u805a\u5408\u7269\u94fe\u6bb5\u5355\u5143\u6216\u6eb6\u5242\u5206\u5b50\uff09\u7684Hamiltonian\u51fa\u53d1\u5efa\u7acb\u76f8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684Liouville\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1b\u8fd0\u7528Zwanzig--Mori\u6295\u5f71\u7b97\u7b26\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u822c\u76f8\u7a7a\u95f4\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5e7f\u4e49Langevin\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1b\u518d\u8fd0\u7528\u67d0\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u8026\u5408\u7406\u8bba\uff08mode-coupling theory\uff09\u6765\u5f97\u5230\u8bb0\u5fc6\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5305\u62ec\u7c98\u5ea6\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u8f93\u9001\u6027\u8d28\u3002Zwanzig--Mori\u6295\u5f71\u7b97\u7b26\u6cd5\u53ef\u89c1Theory of Simple Liquids\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u6a21\u5f0f\u8026\u5408\u7406\u8bba\u7531Kawasaki\u4e8e70\u5e74\u4ee3\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u6700\u521d\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e34\u754c\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u975e\u4e34\u754c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1Keyes\u7684\u7efc\u8ff01\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u662fK. Schweizer\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5230\u5e94\u529b\u5f20\u91cf\u6216\u7c98\u5ea6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u63a8\u5bfc\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u6709\u9884\u6d4b\u7ebf\u6027\u8f93\u8fd0\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u7ebf\u6027\u54cd\u5e94\u7406\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6210\u719f\u7684\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1Evans & Morriss\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7ae0\u8282\u3002","rel":"","context":"In "\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0"","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":7136,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/7136","url_meta":{"origin":6221,"position":3},"title":"Barcena, H., & Chen, P.\u2026","author":"Andrew","date":"2016\u5e749\u67084\u65e5","format":"link","excerpt":"Barcena, H., & Chen, P. (2016). An Anesthetic Drug Demonstration and an Introductory Antioxidant Activity Experiment with \u201cEugene, the Sleepy Fish\u201d Journal of Chemical Education, 93 (1), 202-205 DOI: 10.1021\/ed5008469 \u8fd9\u7bc7\u53d1\u8868\u5728J. Chem. 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Ferry\uff0c\u65e9\u671fAkron\u5927\u5b66\u505a\u6a61\u80f6\u7684\uff09\u3002\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e5f\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u505a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u201c\u5316\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u5173\u5fc3\u52a0\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u2014\u2014\u7279\u522b\u662f\u586b\u5145\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u505a\u5f88\u591a\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eJournal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics\u4e0a\u9762\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u505a\u6a61\u80f6\u62c9\u4f38\uff0c\u6574\u5929\u5904\u7406\u6709\u9650\u5f62\u53d8\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u6363\u9f13\u672c\u6784\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u62e8\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u505a\u5206\u6563\u4f53\u7cfb\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e73\u6db2\u3001\u60ac\u6d6e\u6db2\u3001\u8fd8\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u8bf4\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u201cpaste\u201d\uff0c\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u98df\u54c1\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8fd9\u4e00\u5927\u7fa4\u3002\u8fd9\u62e8\u4eba\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u4e0d\u9700\u8981oven\uff0c\u6574\u5929\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u5de6\u53f3\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e0b\u677f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u56fa\u5b9apeltier\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u540c\u8f74\u5706\u7b52\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53f0\u5e72\u5e72\u51c0\u51c0\u2026\u2026\u8fde\u60ef\u4f8b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u505a\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6d41\u53d8\u7684\u559c\u6b22\u7528Weissenberg\u6570\u800c\u505a\u80f6\u4f53\u7684\u5e38\u7528P\u00e9clet\u6570\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u6821\u5f00\u8bbe\u7684\u201c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u53ea\u504f\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u8be5\u9662\u7cfb\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4e13\u957f\u670d\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u62b1\u7740\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u70b9\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6709\u597d\u5904\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u5f88\u5c11\u542c\u5230\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6309\u7167\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5b66\u79d1\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u72b6\u6765\u4f20\u6388\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf\u90a3\u4e9b\u505a\u6750\u6599\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u98df\u54c1\u5b66\u5076\u5c14\u7528\u6d41\u53d8\u4eea\u6d4b\u4e00\u4e0b\u7c98\u5ea6\u800c\u5df2\u7684\u4eba\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e3b\u8981\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u5168\u9762\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8bf4\u201c\u505a\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u4e0d\u61c2\u80f6\u4f53\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e2\u7136\u4f60\u662f\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f60\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u627f\u62c5\u4e3a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5ba1\u7a3f\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u81f3\u5c11\u6211\u611f\u89c9\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4f4e\u5230\u201c\u61c2\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u61c2\u80f6\u4f53\u201d\u3001\u201c\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\u5f20\u91cf\u201d\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f60\u65e2\u7136\u5728\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8981\u5e2e\u5fd9\u5ba1\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u771f\u7684\u4e0d\u61c2\u8981\u8d81\u65e9\u56de\u590d\u7f16\u8f91\u8fd9\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff1b\u4f46\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u7a84\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e86\u4f60\u4e0d\u8be5\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u61c2\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u591a\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u53bb\u770b\u61c2\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u671f\u520aJ.Rheol.\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6bd4\u8981\u6c42\u53bb\u770b\u61c2PRL\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u7ae0\u96be\u5ea6\u8981\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\u4e86\uff08J. Rheol.\u6587\u7ae0\u6570\u91cf\u5c11\uff0c\u518d\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u592a\u8d85\u51fa\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8303\u56f4\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e3a\u4f55\u4e0d\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bfb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u4f60\u6070\u597d\u7814\u7a76\u8bfe\u9898\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f60\u5c31\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u61c2\u4ec0\u4e48\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u501f\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u601d\u8003\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u5904\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a\u5708\u5b50\uff0c\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e2a\u5708\u5b50\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u624d\u4f1a\u771f\u7684\u88ab\u4e00\u4e2a\u5708\u5b50\u800c\u63a5\u7eb3\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u957f\u4e45\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u6bd5\u7adf\u201c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u79d1\u5fc5\u4fee\u8bfe\uff0c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5236\u8ba2\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u6559\u5b66\u5927\u7eb2\u201d\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u540d\u8bcd\u89e3\u91ca\u3001\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u786c\u6027\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6559\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u2014\u2014\u4f5c\u8005\u7231\u600e\u4e48\u5199\u600e\u4e48\u5199\uff0c\u7231\u5199\u5565\u5199\u5565\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u82cf\u8054\u5f0f\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u5b66\u79d1\u6846\u67b6\u201d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e60\u60ef\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f1a\u5c31\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u6559\u80b2\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u8ba9\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u548c\u9752\u5e74\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u548c\u573a\u5408\u53bb\u63a5\u89e6general\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u8981\u5e2e\u52a9\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u4ece\u201c\u62ff\u53bb\u6d4b\u6d4b\u7c98\u5ea6\u201d\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u5c3d\u5feb\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u201c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u4e07\u7269\u201d\u7684\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5c3d\u5feb\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d8\u6210\u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u4eba\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u201c\u4ea4\u6d41\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6e38\u73a9\u201d\u662f\u5f88\u6d6a\u8d39\u5b9d\u8d35\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u548c\u91d1\u94b1\uff09\u7684\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u5e74\u8f7b\u6559\u5e08\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u5c31\u66f4\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u573a\u5408\u80fd\u591f\u5145\u6ee1\u7740\u5927\u725b\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91d1\u7389\u826f\u8a00\u3002\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e86\u725b\u4eba\u5bf9\u5b66\u79d1\u53d1\u5c55\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5b8f\u5927\u8bdd\u9898\u201d\u7684\u5173\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u597d\u4e8b\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u3002 \u4ece\u6700\u8fd1\u51e0\u671f\u7684Rheol. Bull.\u8fd8\u7559\u610f\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u524d\u8f88\u53bb\u4e16\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0cN. Tschoegl\u548cA. Gent\uff0c\u6070\u597d\u90fd\u662f\u6a61\u80f6\u9886\u57df\u7684\u540d\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5206\u522b\u5199\u5728\u4e86\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f39\u6027\u4f53\u5927\u5e45\u62c9\u4f38\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6700\u597d\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e0a\uff1aBST\u6a21\u578b\u548cGent\u6a21\u578b\u3002BST\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u4eba\uff1aBlatz\u3001Sharda\u548cTschoegl\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728Trans. Soc. Rheol. 1974, 18, 145\u3002Gent\u6a21\u578b\u6bd4\u6211\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u8981\u665a\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728Rubber Chem. Technol. 1996, 69, 59\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u6700\u521d\u90fd\u662f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u5728\u592a\u597d\u7528\u3002\u540e\u6765\u90fd\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u6e0a\u6e90\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u628aBST\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570n\u8ddf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5206\u5f62\u7ef4\u6570df\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u628aGent\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570Jm\u8ddf\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u957f\u5ea6lp\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u7eaa\u5ff5Gent\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5199\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e2d\u89c4\u4e2d\u77e9\uff0c\u800c\u7eaa\u5ff5Tschoegl\u7684\u5c31\u6709\u4e9b\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u539f\u6765\u540e\u8005\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u5b66\u672f\u5708\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e0a\u8fc7\u4e8c\u6218\u7684\u6218\u573a\u771f\u771f\u6b63\u6b63\u5730\u6253\u8fc7\u4ed7\uff0c\u6302\u8fc7\u5f69\u3002\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u505a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6218\u540e\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e86\u3002\u6bcf\u6bcf\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e74\u4efd\uff0c\u6211\u8111\u4e2d\u603b\u662f\u4f1a\u6d6e\u73b0\u51fa\u64ad\u653e\u8fc7\u5feb\u3001\u6709\u70b9\u53d8\u8d28\u7684\u65e0\u58f0\u9ed1\u767d\u80f6\u7247\u89c6\u9891\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u519b\u961f\u8d70\u6b63\u6b65\uff0c\u5c06\u519b\u8bb2\u8bdd\u62bd\u70df\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u90fd\u504f\u5feb\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6d6e\u73b0\u51fa\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u82f1\u8bed\u54ac\u5b57\u548c\u97f3\u8c03\uff08\u6bd4\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u54ac\u5b57\u8981\u4e00\u672c\u6b63\u7ecf\u5730\u591a\uff09\uff0c\u8054\u7cfb\u5230\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e94\u3001\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u7f8e\u56fd\u65e5\u7528\u5316\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u9ed1\u767d\u7535\u89c6\u5e7f\u544a\u4e0a\u3002\u672c\u6784\u65b9\u7a0b\u548c\u5f20\u91cf\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u67af\u71e5\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u89e3\u6570\u5b66\u9898\u548c\u89e3\u66f4\u96be\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u201c\u535a\u58eb\u201d\u5c31\u771f\u7684\u53d8\u6210\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u4eba\u201d\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u90fd\u5f88\u5dee\uff0c\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u53d7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u6c14\u606f\u611f\u67d3\u624d\u60f3\u4ece\u4e8b\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u754c\u53d1\u8868\u7684paper\uff0c\u7ffb\u5f00Macromolecules\u3001J. Polym. Sci. A\/B\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u591a\u5c11\u79d1\u5b66\uff08science\uff09\u6c14\u606f\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5947\u6280\u6deb\u5de7\uff08tricks\uff09\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a84\u548c\u548c\u51b7\u95e8\u7684\u5c0f\u5708\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5e7f\u5927\u6750\u6599\u5b66\u7eb3\u7c73\u5b66\u8f6f\u7269\u8d28\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u5929\u5929\u53bb\u53d7Adv. Mater.\u3001JACS\u3001Angew. Chem.\u8bef\u5bfc\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5982\u591a\u770b\u770bJ. Rheol.\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c0f\u520a\u7269\u6765\u5f97\u53d7\u76ca\uff0cJ. Rheol.\u8fd8\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7ef4\u6301\u4e86\u4e94\u3001\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u54c1\u4f4d\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u8001\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u9646\u7eed\u79bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u54c1\u4f4d\u8fd8\u80fd\u6491\u591a\u4e45\u3002\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e2d\u5e74PI\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u7fa4\u975e\u5e38\u529f\u5229\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u7ed9\u6bcf\u672c\u520a\u7269\u52a0\u4e0a\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u5c01\u9762\u3001\u5c01\u4e8c\uff0c\u548cgraphical abstract\uff0c\u5174\u9ad8\u91c7\u70c8\u5730\u628aresearch articles\u6362\u6210communications\uff0c\u5927\u6b65\u8de8\u5165\u201c\u8bfb\u56fe\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u3002 Esso\u516c\u53f8\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u7535\u89c6\u5e7f\u544a\uff08\u56fd\u5185\u9700\u8981\u7ffb\u5899\uff09\uff1a","rel":"","context":"In "\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0"","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"Number of members of rheology society.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Untitled.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Untitled.png?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Untitled.png?resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Untitled.png?resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6221","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6221"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6221\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6253,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6221\/revisions\/6253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6221"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6221"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6221"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}