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curve","author":"Andrew","date":"2014\u5e744\u670820\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u611f\u8c22\u5404\u4f4d\u7b54\u9898\u7684\u524d\u8f88\uff0c\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5a92\u4f53\u5b66\u8005\u6279\u5224\u5996\u9b54\u5316\u7684\u201c\u5e94\u8bd5\u6559\u80b2\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u8eab\u8fb9\u8bb8\u591a90\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u5e94\u8bd5\u6559\u80b2\u4e0b\u7684\u53ef\u601c\u866b\uff0c\u88abGPA\u5de6\u53f3\u4e86\u5fc3\u667a\uff0c\u8981\u51fa\u56fd\uff0c\u8981\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4ee3\u89c9\u5f97\u6700\u5751\u7239\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u9ad8\u4e2d\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5927\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u6c42\u77e5\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\u6765\u4e86\u5927\u5b66\u786e\u53d1\u73b0\u662f\u9ad8\u4e2d\u52a0\u5f3a\u7248\u3002\u5c31\u4e1a\u5982\u6b64\u4e25\u5cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e0d\u8ba4\u53ef\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u672c\u79d1\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5acc\u5f03\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u88ab\u8d76\u7740\u8003\u7814\uff0c\u8003\u7814\u4e0d\u8003\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u5c31\u6254\u6389\uff1b\u8eab\u5904\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u4e8c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5c0f\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u4e0d\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u672c\u79d1\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u5e76\u4e0d\u5dee\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f53\u8c05\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u4e0a\u8bfe\u5c31\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u4ec0\u4e48\u77e5\u8bc6\u53ef\u80fd\u8003\u7814\u8981\u7528\u5230\uff0c\u590d\u8bd5\u8981\u95ee\u5230\uff0c\u8981\u7740\u91cd\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7f16\u5728\u4e86\u90a3\u672c\u5916\u6821\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u770b\u7684\u6559\u6750\u91cc\u3002 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\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u6253\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ebgrade on a curve\u3002\u6211\u5f53\u5e74\u9ad8\u8003\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6807\u51c6\u5206\u201d\u8ba1\u5206\u5236\u5ea6\u5c31\u662fgrade on a curve\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u770bMIT\u8bfe\u7a0bIntroduction to Solid State Chemistry\u65f6\u90a3\u4e2a\u6559\u6388\u8bf4\uff1a We do not grade on a curve. Your success does not come at the expense of your neighbor. \u5982\u679c\u4e00\u95e8\u8003\u8bd5\u7684\u8ba1\u5206\u65b9\u5f0f\u662fgrade on a curve\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u60f3\u62ff\u5230\u4e2d\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u4f60\u8981\u505a\u5bf9\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u6253\u8d25\u8fc7\u534a\u6570\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u8005\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u9898\u76ee\u5f88\u96be\u4f60\u53ea\u670950\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u6570\u5728\u73ed\u4e0a\u6392\u540d\u5df2\u7ecf\u9760\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u662f\u4e2d\u4e0a\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u9898\u76ee\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u4f60\u62ff\u4e8699\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u90fd\u662f100\u5206\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u843d\u5728\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u3002\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6700\u8d31\u7684\u4e00\u6761\uff1a\u66f2\u7ebf\u540e\u9762\u4e00\u622a\u5c3e\u5df4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u591a\u5c11\u5206\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u8dd1\u4e0d\u8d62\u5168\u73ed\u7684\u6700\u540e\u90a3\u51e0\u540d\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c\u3002\u8d31\u7684\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u4e00\u622a\u6709\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff0c\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u7aef\u70b9\u63a8\u514d\u4fdd\u7814\u3002 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on a curve\u3002 \u804a\u70b9\u8fdc\u7684\u3002 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Scott-Blair\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4efb\u804c\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u98df\u54c1\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u95e8\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u98df\u54c1\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba8\u8bba\u6df1\u5ea6\u5c31\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e9a\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u3002\u626f\u8fdc\u4e00\u70b9\u513f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e2d\u4ee5\u201c\u6570\u5b66\u5f0f\u5b50\u7f14\u9020\u8005\u201d\u95fb\u540d\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u5982Rivlin\uff0cZapas\uff0cGent\uff0c\u5305\u62ecScott-Blair\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u90fd\u4efb\u804c\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u3002Rivlin\u4efb\u804c\u4e8eBritish Rubber Producers Research Association\uff08BRPRA\uff09\u3002Zapa\u4efb\u804c\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u5c40\u3002Gent\u4e5f\u5728BRPRA\u4efb\u8fc7\u804c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u80cc\u666f\u662f\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u65f6\u4ee3\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u4efb\u804c\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5de5\u4e1a\u754c\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u5c97\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b66\u672f\u4ea7\u51fa\u90fd\u4e0e\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u5341\u5206\u5951\u5408\u3002BKZ\uff08Z for Zapas\uff09\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u7684\u53ef\u6d4b\u6027\u800c\u4e3aRivlin\u7684\u201csimple materials\u201d\u589e\u52a0postulation\u3002\u5f0f\u5b50\u4e00\u5217\u5b8c\uff0c\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5c31\u4e0a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u53ef\u60dc\u7684\u662fScott-Blair\u7684\u539f\u4e66\u4e0d\u592a\u597d\u627e\u5230\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u4ed6\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u3002\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u591a\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7Scott-Blair\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u548c\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u518d\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eScott-Blair\u59bb\u5b50\u662f\u641e\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5c31\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u601d\u8003\u3002\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\uff08sensory assessment\uff09\u4eca\u5929\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u719f\u77e5\u5e76\u5927\u91cf\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u98df\u54c1\u548c\u65e5\u7528\u5316\u5de5\u54c1\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46Scott-Blair\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u5374\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4e89\u8bae\u3002 \u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u4e5f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u6d41\u53d8\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b66\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u4e0e\u611f\u89c2\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e38\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5355\u5355\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u98df\u54c1\u8bd5\u6837\u62ff\u5230\u65cb\u8f6c\u6d41\u53d8\u4eea\u4e0a\u65bd\u5c55\u4e00\u5927\u901a\u5404\u79cd\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ed9\u51fa\u4ec0\u4e48\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u2014\u2014\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u62ff\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bd5\u6837\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u534a\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u62ff\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bd5\u6837\u8fdb\u884c\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u8425\u9500\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u672c\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u518d\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u60f3\u201c\u5efa\u7acb\u6d41\u53d8\u6d4b\u91cf\u53c2\u6570\u4e0e\u611f\u89c2\u6548\u679c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5c06\u6765\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u53bb\u505a\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ece\u6d41\u53d8\u6d4b\u91cf\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c31\u9884\u6d4b\u51fa\u611f\u89c2\u6548\u679c\uff08\u4e5f\u8bb8\u7531\u4e8e\u611f\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\u7684\u5f00\u5c55\u6210\u672c\u786e\u5b9e\u8f83\u9ad8\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\u65e2\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u5f80\u5f80\u5e76\u4e0d\u666e\u9002\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u4e5f\u5927\u4e3a\u524a\u5f31\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u70ed\u8877\u4e8e\u7528\u6d41\u53d8\u4eea\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e00\u756a\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u6307\u5bfc\u5b9e\u8df5\u201d\u7684\u76f2\u76ee\u8ff7\u4fe1\u3002 2. Hans Gerd Muller\u7684\u4e66 H. Muller (1973), An Introduction to Food Rheology, Crane, Russak & Company, Inc. \u8fd9\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u98df\u54c1\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e66\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u7cbe\u54c1\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u503c\u5f97\u73cd\u85cf\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7OpenLibrary\u5728\u7ebf\u501f\u9605\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5d4c\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9605\u8bfb\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0a\u7f51\u624d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u663e\u793a\uff09\u3002 \u540cScott-Blair\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005Muller\u662f\u98df\u54c1\u7cfb\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff08Proctor Department of Food and Leather\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5561","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5561"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5561\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5561"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5561"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5561"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}