{"id":5,"date":"2008-10-09T02:13:00","date_gmt":"2008-10-08T18:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xgkwx.72pines.com\/2008\/10\/09\/%e6%96%b0%e5%a5%87%e5%a3%ab%e6%9f%a0%e6%aa%ac%e7%9a%84%e9%85%b8%e7%a2%b1%e5%8f%b2\/"},"modified":"2008-10-09T02:13:00","modified_gmt":"2008-10-08T18:13:00","slug":"%e6%96%b0%e5%a5%87%e5%a3%ab%e6%9f%a0%e6%aa%ac%e7%9a%84%e9%85%b8%e7%a2%b1%e5%8f%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/5","title":{"rendered":"\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u67e0\u6aac\u7684\u9178\u78b1\u53f2"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"kcite-section\" kcite-section-id=\"5\">\n<blockquote><p><strong>&#8220;Whatever you do, be enthusiastic about it.&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong><em>&#8211;Arnold O. Beckman<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4>\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1uav_SG4I\/AAAAAAAADw0\/ZmZl4xTtNoc\/s1600-h\/CFGE.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1uav_SG4I\/AAAAAAAADw0\/ZmZl4xTtNoc\/s400\/CFGE.gif\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\uff08Sunkist\uff09\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u719f\u6089\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u5c31\u8fdb\u53e3\u6c34\u679c\u513f\u548c\u7f50\u88c5\u679c\u6c41\u513f\u4e48\uff01\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5356\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u52a0\u5dde\u9633\u5149\u201d\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u201c\u8fd9\u4e1c\u897f\u201d\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1893\u5e74\uff0c\u8d77\u521d\u540d\u5b57\u53ebSouthern California Fruit Exchange\uff08\u5357\u52a0\u5dde\u6c34\u679c\u4ea4\u6613\/\u4f9b\u9500\u793e\uff1f\uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5356\u67d1\u6a58\u7684\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\u53ebcitrus\uff09\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u5b83\u5728\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u6709\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u679c\u56ed\uff0c\u81ea\u4ea7\u81ea\u9500\u4e86\u3002\u5230\u4e861905\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u52a0\u5dde\u6240\u6709\u67d1\u6a58\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u62e5\u67095000\u4e2a\u5458\u5de5\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u5b83\u628a\u540d\u5b57\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5357\u201d\u5b57\u53bb\u6389\u4e86\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u53ebCalifornia Fruit Growers Exchange\uff08\u52a0\u5dde\u6c34\u679c\u79cd\u690d\u548c\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\uff09\u4e09\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u6362\u6210\u4e86\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u201cSunkist\u201d\u2014\u2014\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c34\u679c\u54c1\u724c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u6c34\u679c\u5de8\u5934\u7684\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u9898\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0d\u592a\u597d\u7684\u67e0\u6aac\u4ea7\u54c1\u662f\u62ff\u53bb\u69a8\u6c41\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u679c\u51bb\u3001\u67e0\u6aac\u9178\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u526f\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u539f\u6599\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u526f\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u539f\u6599\u7684\u9178\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u9178\u5ea6\u7684\u539f\u6599\u5c31\u8981\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c<strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u539f\u6599\u67e0\u6aac\u6c41\u7684\u9178\u5ea6\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u67e0\u6aac\u526f\u4ea7\u54c1\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u7eb8\u6765\u7c97\u7565\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9178\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7cbe\u786e\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u6c22\u7535\u6781\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67e0\u6aac\u6c41\u539f\u6599\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u67e0\u6aac\u6c41\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u8150\u800c\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u4f1a\u4f7f\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u7eb8\u548c\u6c22\u7535\u6781\u5931\u6548\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u73bb\u7483\u7535\u6781\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u7535\u6781\u4e0d\u53d7\u67e0\u6aac\u6c41\u91cc\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u4fe1\u53f7\u975e\u5e38\u5fae\u5f31\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u91c7\u7528\u9ad8\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u7684\u68c0\u6d41\u8ba1\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u68c0\u6d41\u8ba1\u975e\u5e38\u5bb3\u6015\u9707\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u673a\u5668\u8f70\u9e23\u7684\u5382\u533a\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6ca1\u620f\u7684\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u7535\u6781\u7684\u5916\u58c1\u5f88\u8584\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u641e\u574f\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u91cc\uff0c\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u4eea\u5668\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5bfc\u7ebf\u7528\u624b\u5de5\u628a\u5143\u4ef6\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u8ddf\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u4e2d\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u5143\u4ef6\u90fd\u5f88\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7535\u6781\u9178\u5ea6\u8ba1\u8981\u5360\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u79cd\u79cd\u56f0\u96be\u4f7f\u5f97\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u5728\u6d4b\u91cf\u9178\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9762\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u4efb\u5316\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u7684Glen Joseph\u6c42\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u5f53\u526f\u6559\u6388\u7684Arnold O. Beckman\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>A. Beckman\u7684\u9178\u5ea6\u8ba1<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1w6rG0hOI\/AAAAAAAADw8\/G6GZ703YKAI\/s1600-h\/WE.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1w6rG0hOI\/AAAAAAAADw8\/G6GZ703YKAI\/s320\/WE.gif\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>A. Beckman\u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u7684\u526f\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u526f\u4e1a\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9762\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u987e\u95ee\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u7684\u5934\u513fR. Millikan\u8fd8\u7ecf\u5e38\u628a\u627e\u4e0a\u95e8\u6765\u7684\u4e3b\u987e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7ed9Beckman\uff0c\u4e8e\u662fBeckman\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u4ea7\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9ad8\u624b\u4e5f\u662f\u540d\u58f0\u5728\u5916\u3002\u8fd9\u56deBeckman\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba9\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u7684\u8001\u540c\u5b66\u5931\u671b\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u897f\u65b9\u7535\u5b50\uff08Western Electric\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u90e8\u2014\u2014\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\uff0c\u6363\u9f13\u8fc7\u5f53\u65f6\u5174\u8d77\u7684\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\u7814\u7a76\u3002<strong>\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u653e\u5927\u5668\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u628a\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e86\u9178\u5ea6\u8ba1\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\uff01\u6709\u4e86\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\u7684\u653e\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u7535\u6781\u7684\u5916\u58c1\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u539a\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\u4fe1\u53f7\u5fae\u5f31\uff1b\u68c0\u6d41\u8ba1\u7684\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f4e\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u5bb3\u6015\u673a\u68b0\u9707\u52a8\u3002\u66f4\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u662f\uff0cBeckman\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u7535\u8def\u88c5\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7bb1\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u7bb1\u5b50\u5916\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u9762\u677f\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u548cpH\u503c\u8bfb\u6570\uff0c\u7bb1\u5b50\u4fa7\u9762\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u5c0f\u95e8\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u85cf\u7740\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7535\u6781\u3002\u73bb\u7483\u7535\u6781\u662f\u5f88\u7075\u654f\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u7684\uff0c\u5e73\u65f6\u7535\u6781\u85cf\u5728\u7bb1\u5b50\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7070\u5c18\u53c8\u9632\u6b62\u635f\u574f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u673a\u754c\u9762\uff08human-machine interface\uff09\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9769\u65b0\u2014\u2014\u628a\u6240\u6709\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\u90fd\u85cf\u5728\u7bb1\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u9762\u677f\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u9762\u677f\u4e0a\u8bfb\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1xXBDQvEI\/AAAAAAAADxE\/7Tj6XuXz0jQ\/s1600-h\/Patent1.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1xXBDQvEI\/AAAAAAAADxE\/7Tj6XuXz0jQ\/s400\/Patent1.gif\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fbf\u643a\u5f0f\u9178\u5ea6\u8ba1\u88abJoseph\u5e26\u56de\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u5382\u5b50\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee4Joseph\u6cae\u4e27\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e89\u7740\u501f\u6765\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u6574\u5929\u7528\u4e0d\u4e0a\uff01\uff01<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1x09VX2QI\/AAAAAAAADxM\/lq1CoIGnkU4\/s1600-h\/patent2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1x09VX2QI\/AAAAAAAADxM\/lq1CoIGnkU4\/s400\/patent2.jpg\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Beckman\u5176\u5b9e\u65e9\u4e24\u5e74\u548c\u51e0\u4e2a\u540c\u4e8b\u4e00\u8d77\u529e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u540d\u5802\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ebNational Technical Laboratories\uff08NTL\uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a8\u5e7f\u4ed6\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u4e0d\u7ed3\u5757\u58a8\u6c34\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u52a0\u6b63\u4e01\u9178\u2014\u2014\u81ed\u811a\u5473\u513f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u4efd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u4ed6\u628a\u4ed6\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u9178\u5ea6\u8ba1\u653e\u5230\u4e86NTL\u5356\uff0c\u4e00\u67b6\u5356195\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6708\u85aa\u3002\u800c\u6309\u7167\u5f53\u65f6\u5316\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u529e\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u624b\u5de5\u63a5\u7535\u5b50\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5360\u5730\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u8c03\u8bd5\u8d39\u65f6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u82b1500\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0cBeckman\u8fd9\u6b21\u53d1\u5927\u8d22\u4e86\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u76f4\u63a5\u6539\u6210\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d1d\u514b\u66fc\u5e93\u5c14\u7279\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u201d\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u79d1\u7814\u4eea\u5668\u516c\u53f8\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u725b\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.beckmancoulter.com.cn\/\">http:\/\/www.beckmancoulter.com.cn<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9178\u5ea6\u8ba1\u5c31\u662f\u4eca\u5929pH\u8ba1\u7684\u539f\u578b\u3002pH\u503c\u662f\u6eb6\u6db2\u9178\u78b1\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u91cf\u5ea6\u6982\u5ff5\uff0cpH\u8ba1\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0a\u5f88\u96be\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f03\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u3002\u5404\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u641e\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u6765\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u53d1\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u786e\u3001\u51c6\u786e\u3001\u7b80\u6613\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u7f8e\u56fd\u5d1b\u8d77\u7684\u529f\u81e3<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1yCKTjo0I\/AAAAAAAADxU\/8ewZC8IpcJE\/s1600-h\/oxygen_analyzer9.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1yCKTjo0I\/AAAAAAAADxU\/8ewZC8IpcJE\/s200\/oxygen_analyzer9.jpg\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>A. Beckman\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u8fd8\u53d1\u660e\u6216\u6539\u826f\u4e86\u7d2b\u5916\u548c\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u5ea6\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8d2f\u5f7b\u96c6\u6210\u5316\u3001\u4fbf\u643a\u548c\u4eba\u673a\u754c\u9762\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4ed6\u7684\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u5ea6\u8ba1\u4ea7\u54c1\u88ab\u519b\u65b9\u7528\u4e8e\u76d8\u5c3c\u897f\u6797\u3001\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20A\uff08\u589e\u5f3a\u58eb\u5175\u591c\u89c6\u80fd\u529b\uff09\u3001\u98de\u673a\u6c7d\u6cb9\u548cTNT\u70b8\u836f\uff08\u641e\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u77e5\u9053\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u8c31\u5427\uff09\u3002Beckman\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u9632\u9707\u9ad8\u7075\u654f\u7535\u4f4d\u5668\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u96f7\u8fbe\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5173\u952e\u7684\u9632\u9707\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u79cd\u96f7\u8fbe\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u673a\u52a8\u706b\u70ae\u4f5c\u6218\u5355\u5143\u4e2d\u3002Beckman\u8fd8\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u5c3e\u6c14\u5149\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u590d\u6742\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u50ac\u751f\u51fa\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u63a7\u5236\u6761\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u70df\u96fe\u9884\u8b66\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e5f\u662f\u9996\u5148\u5728\u6218\u573a\u4e0a\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002Beckman\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u8fd8\u4e3a\u519b\u961f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u7531L. Pauling\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u9c8d\u6797\uff09\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u6c27\u6c14\u8ba1\uff08\u53f3\u56fe\uff09\u3002\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u7cbe\u5bc6\u4eea\u5668\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u6781\u5177\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46Beckman\u7684NTL\u516c\u53f8\u51fa\u8272\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86Beckman\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u751f\u4ea7\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4eea\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1yORUt5_I\/AAAAAAAADxc\/tQNrePUSvV4\/s1600-h\/massspectrometer+copy.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1yORUt5_I\/AAAAAAAADxc\/tQNrePUSvV4\/s320\/massspectrometer+copy.gif\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>\u6218\u540e\uff0cNTL\u516c\u53f8\u8f6c\u6c11\u7528\uff0c\u6539\u6210Beckman Instruments\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5356\u751f\u5316\u68c0\u6d4b\u4eea\u5668\u548c\u79bb\u5fc3\u673a\uff0c\u5927\u7ea2\u5927\u706b\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u662f\uff0c1956\u5e74W. Shockley\u51fa\u94b1\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3aBeckman\u4eea\u5668\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aShockley\u7684\u5988\u5988\u4f4f\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u7684Palo Alto\uff0c\u5e74\u7eaa\u5927\u4e86\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u7167\u987e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b5d\u5b50Shockley\u5c31\u548c\u52a0\u5dde\u7684Beckman\u4e00\u8d77\u5efa\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u5728\u79bb\u8001\u4eba\u5bb6\u4e0d\u8fdc\u7684Mountain View\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u628a\u8fd9\u5730\u65b9\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u7845\u8c37\u201d\uff08Shockley\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u7845\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\u9517\u7684\u4eba\uff09\uff0c1957\u5e74\uff0cShockley\u4e0d\u5e72\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u624b\u4e0b\u7684\u516b\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u81ea\u5df1\u53c8\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u516c\u53f8Fairchild Semiconductor(\u98de\u5146\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\uff0c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fairchildsemi.com\/cn\/\">http:\/\/www.fairchildsemi.com\/cn\/<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5458\u5de5\uff1aR. Noyce\u548cG. Moore\u540e\u6765\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u540e\u8bdd\u4e86\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4Beckman\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eea\u5668\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u5148\u9a71\uff0c\u5176\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0d\u4e9a\u4e8e\u7231\u8fea\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1yaUWMZCI\/AAAAAAAADxk\/3vQ5OOKQK5I\/s1600-h\/beckman-orch.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1yaUWMZCI\/AAAAAAAADxk\/3vQ5OOKQK5I\/s200\/beckman-orch.jpg\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>A. Beckman\u662f\u4e2a\u6148\u5584\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u8001\u5a46Mabel\u8054\u540d\u6210\u7acb\u4e86Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation\u4e13\u95e8\u8d44\u52a9\u975e\u5546\u4e1a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c11\u4eba\u77e5\u9053Beckman\u5f39\u94a2\u7434\u5f88\u6709\u4e00\u624b\u3002\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4ed6\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u821e\u8e48\u4e50\u56e2(\u5de6\u56fe\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u65f6\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u65e0\u58f0\u7535\u5f71\u4f34\u594f\u6765\u8d5a\u53d6\u96f6\u7528\u94b1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1yisxLlnI\/AAAAAAAADxs\/xH5YDPSYhB4\/s1600-h\/img15.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/_h7Xs_pnQ_sE\/SO1yisxLlnI\/AAAAAAAADxs\/xH5YDPSYhB4\/s200\/img15.jpg\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>A. Beckman\u57282004\u5e745\u670818\u65e5\u53bb\u4e16\u3002\u4ed6\u751f\u4e8e1900\u5e744\u670810\u53f7\u3002\u56e0\u6b642000\u5e74\u76844\u670810\u53f7\u662f\u4ed6\u7684100\u5c81\u751f\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5316\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684Chemical &amp; Engineering News\u5f53\u65f6\u5c31\u520a\u767b\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u4ed6\u7684\u4f20\u8bb0\uff0c\u6709\u6743\u9650\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u70b9\u5f00\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/isubscribe\/journals\/cen\/78\/i15\/html\/7815prof.html\" target=\"blank\"><em>Chem. Eng. News<\/em>, <strong>2000<\/strong>, <em>78<\/em>, 17-20<\/a>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- kcite active, but no citations found -->\n<\/div> <!-- kcite-section 5 -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Whatever you do, be enthusiastic about it.&#8221; &#8211;Arnold O. Beckman \u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u7684\u95ee\u9898 \u65b0\u5947\u58eb\uff08Sunkist\uff09\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u719f\u6089\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u5c31\u8fdb\u53e3\u6c34\u679c\u513f\u548c\u7f50\u88c5\u679c\u6c41\u513f\u4e48\uff01\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5356\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u52a0\u5dde\u9633\u5149\u201d\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u201c\u8fd9\u4e1c\u897f\u201d\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u3002 \u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1893\u5e74\uff0c\u8d77\u521d\u540d\u5b57\u53ebSouthern California Fruit Exchange\uff08\u5357\u52a0\u5dde\u6c34\u679c\u4ea4\u6613\/\u4f9b\u9500\u793e\uff1f\uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5356\u67d1\u6a58\u7684\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\u53ebcitrus\uff09\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u5b83\u5728\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u6709\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u679c\u56ed\uff0c\u81ea\u4ea7\u81ea\u9500\u4e86\u3002\u5230\u4e861905\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u52a0\u5dde\u6240\u6709\u67d1\u6a58\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u62e5\u67095000\u4e2a\u5458\u5de5\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u5b83\u628a\u540d\u5b57\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5357\u201d\u5b57\u53bb\u6389\u4e86\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u53ebCalifornia Fruit Growers Exchange\uff08\u52a0\u5dde\u6c34\u679c\u79cd\u690d\u548c\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\uff09\u4e09\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u6362\u6210\u4e86\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u201cSunkist\u201d\u2014\u2014\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c34\u679c\u54c1\u724c\u3002 \u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u6c34\u679c\u5de8\u5934\u7684\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u9898\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0d\u592a\u597d\u7684\u67e0\u6aac\u4ea7\u54c1\u662f\u62ff\u53bb\u69a8\u6c41\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u679c\u51bb\u3001\u67e0\u6aac\u9178\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u526f\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u539f\u6599\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u526f\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u539f\u6599\u7684\u9178\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u9178\u5ea6\u7684\u539f\u6599\u5c31\u8981\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u539f\u6599\u67e0\u6aac\u6c41\u7684\u9178\u5ea6\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u67e0\u6aac\u526f\u4ea7\u54c1\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u7eb8\u6765\u7c97\u7565\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9178\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7cbe\u786e\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u6c22\u7535\u6781\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67e0\u6aac\u6c41\u539f\u6599\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u67e0\u6aac\u6c41\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u8150\u800c\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u4f1a\u4f7f\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u7eb8\u548c\u6c22\u7535\u6781\u5931\u6548\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u73bb\u7483\u7535\u6781\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u7535\u6781\u4e0d\u53d7\u67e0\u6aac\u6c41\u91cc\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u4fe1\u53f7\u975e\u5e38\u5fae\u5f31\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u91c7\u7528\u9ad8\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u7684\u68c0\u6d41\u8ba1\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u68c0\u6d41\u8ba1\u975e\u5e38\u5bb3\u6015\u9707\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u673a\u5668\u8f70\u9e23\u7684\u5382\u533a\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6ca1\u620f\u7684\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u7535\u6781\u7684\u5916\u58c1\u5f88\u8584\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u641e\u574f\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u91cc\uff0c\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u4eea\u5668\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5bfc\u7ebf\u7528\u624b\u5de5\u628a\u5143\u4ef6\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u8ddf\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u4e2d\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u5143\u4ef6\u90fd\u5f88\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7535\u6781\u9178\u5ea6\u8ba1\u8981\u5360\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u79cd\u79cd\u56f0\u96be\u4f7f\u5f97\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u5728\u6d4b\u91cf\u9178\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9762\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u4efb\u5316\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u7684Glen Joseph\u6c42\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u5f53\u526f\u6559\u6388\u7684Arnold O. Beckman\u3002 A. Beckman\u7684\u9178\u5ea6\u8ba1 A. Beckman\u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u7684\u526f\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u526f\u4e1a\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9762\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u987e\u95ee\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u7684\u5934\u513fR. Millikan\u8fd8\u7ecf\u5e38\u628a\u627e\u4e0a\u95e8\u6765\u7684\u4e3b\u987e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7ed9Beckman\uff0c\u4e8e\u662fBeckman\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u4ea7\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9ad8\u624b\u4e5f\u662f\u540d\u58f0\u5728\u5916\u3002\u8fd9\u56deBeckman\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba9\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u7684\u8001\u540c\u5b66\u5931\u671b\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u897f\u65b9\u7535\u5b50\uff08Western Electric\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u90e8\u2014\u2014\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\uff0c\u6363\u9f13\u8fc7\u5f53\u65f6\u5174\u8d77\u7684\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u653e\u5927\u5668\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u628a\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e86\u9178\u5ea6\u8ba1\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\uff01\u6709\u4e86\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1\u7684\u653e\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u7535\u6781\u7684\u5916\u58c1\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u539a\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\u4fe1\u53f7\u5fae\u5f31\uff1b\u68c0\u6d41\u8ba1\u7684\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f4e\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u5bb3\u6015\u673a\u68b0\u9707\u52a8\u3002\u66f4\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u662f\uff0cBeckman\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u7535\u8def\u88c5\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7bb1\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u7bb1\u5b50\u5916\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u9762\u677f\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u548cpH\u503c\u8bfb\u6570\uff0c\u7bb1\u5b50\u4fa7\u9762\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u5c0f\u95e8\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u85cf\u7740\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7535\u6781\u3002\u73bb\u7483\u7535\u6781\u662f\u5f88\u7075\u654f\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u7684\uff0c\u5e73\u65f6\u7535\u6781\u85cf\u5728\u7bb1\u5b50\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7070\u5c18\u53c8\u9632\u6b62\u635f\u574f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u673a\u754c\u9762\uff08human-machine interface\uff09\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9769\u65b0\u2014\u2014\u628a\u6240\u6709\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\u90fd\u85cf\u5728\u7bb1\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u9762\u677f\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u9762\u677f\u4e0a\u8bfb\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fbf\u643a\u5f0f\u9178\u5ea6\u8ba1\u88abJoseph\u5e26\u56de\u65b0\u5947\u58eb\u5382\u5b50\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee4Joseph\u6cae\u4e27\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e89\u7740\u501f\u6765\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u6574\u5929\u7528\u4e0d\u4e0a\uff01\uff01 Beckman\u5176\u5b9e\u65e9\u4e24\u5e74\u548c\u51e0\u4e2a\u540c\u4e8b\u4e00\u8d77\u529e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u540d\u5802\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ebNational Technical Laboratories\uff08NTL\uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a8\u5e7f\u4ed6\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u4e0d\u7ed3\u5757\u58a8\u6c34\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u52a0\u6b63\u4e01\u9178\u2014\u2014\u81ed\u811a\u5473\u513f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u4efd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u4ed6\u628a\u4ed6\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u9178\u5ea6\u8ba1\u653e\u5230\u4e86NTL\u5356\uff0c\u4e00\u67b6\u5356195\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6708\u85aa\u3002\u800c\u6309\u7167\u5f53\u65f6\u5316\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u529e\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u624b\u5de5\u63a5\u7535\u5b50\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5360\u5730\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u8c03\u8bd5\u8d39\u65f6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u82b1500\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0cBeckman\u8fd9\u6b21\u53d1\u5927\u8d22\u4e86\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u76f4\u63a5\u6539\u6210\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d1d\u514b\u66fc\u5e93\u5c14\u7279\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u201d\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u79d1\u7814\u4eea\u5668\u516c\u53f8\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u725b\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.beckmancoulter.com.cn\u3002 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Pauling\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u9c8d\u6797\uff09\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u6c27\u6c14\u8ba1\uff08\u53f3\u56fe\uff09\u3002\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u7cbe\u5bc6\u4eea\u5668\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u6781\u5177\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46Beckman\u7684NTL\u516c\u53f8\u51fa\u8272\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86Beckman\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u751f\u4ea7\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4eea\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002 \u6218\u540e\uff0cNTL\u516c\u53f8\u8f6c\u6c11\u7528\uff0c\u6539\u6210Beckman Instruments\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5356\u751f\u5316\u68c0\u6d4b\u4eea\u5668\u548c\u79bb\u5fc3\u673a\uff0c\u5927\u7ea2\u5927\u706b\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u662f\uff0c1956\u5e74W. Shockley\u51fa\u94b1\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3aBeckman\u4eea\u5668\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aShockley\u7684\u5988\u5988\u4f4f\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u7684Palo Alto\uff0c\u5e74\u7eaa\u5927\u4e86\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u7167\u987e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b5d\u5b50Shockley\u5c31\u548c\u52a0\u5dde\u7684Beckman\u4e00\u8d77\u5efa\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u5728\u79bb\u8001\u4eba\u5bb6\u4e0d\u8fdc\u7684Mountain View\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u628a\u8fd9\u5730\u65b9\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u7845\u8c37\u201d\uff08Shockley\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u7845\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\u9517\u7684\u4eba\uff09\uff0c1957\u5e74\uff0cShockley\u4e0d\u5e72\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u624b\u4e0b\u7684\u516b\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u81ea\u5df1\u53c8\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u516c\u53f8Fairchild Semiconductor(\u98de\u5146\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\uff0chttp:\/\/www.fairchildsemi.com\/cn\/\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5458\u5de5\uff1aR. Noyce\u548cG. Moore\u540e\u6765\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u540e\u8bdd\u4e86\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4Beckman\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eea\u5668\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u5148\u9a71\uff0c\u5176\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0d\u4e9a\u4e8e\u7231\u8fea\u751f\u3002 A. 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Rev.\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0e\u300a\u5357\u65b9\u5468\u672b\u300b\u62a5\u9053\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u91cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u3002\u7565\u7ffb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u5206\u7c7b\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8d70\u9a6c\u89c2\u82b1\uff0c\u5927\u89c2\u56ed\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u6709\u4e2a\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u505a\u6c5e\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48FRET\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u5468\u56db\u665a\u4e0a\u7684seminar\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u5370\u8c61\u6bd4\u8f83\u6df1\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u4e0b\u9650\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u8981\u68c0\u6d4b\u91cd\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u3002\u91cc\u9762A\u578bB\u578bO\u578b\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u6709\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u662f\u8981\u68c0\u6c5e\u2014\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8981\u68c0\u51fa\u5c11\u91cf\u6c5e\u2014\u2014\u6240\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u548c\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0b\u9650\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5176\u6b21\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u4fbf\u4e8e\u505a\u6210\u4fbf\u643a\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u3002\u4e0a\u7f51\u641c\u4e00\u4e0bportable heavy metal detection\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u76ee\u524dcommercially available\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u7406\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee4\u6211\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u3002\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0a\u6765\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u91c7\u7528DNA\u5206\u5b50\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u94c5\u7684\u4e1c\u4e1c\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u9ad8\u5c16\u7cbe\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0d\u5fae\u5de8\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u7248\u672c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u636e\u79f0\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7684\u662f\u4ecb\u5b54\u6750\u6599\u7535\u6781\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u8fd8\u6709\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u5355\u5c42\u819c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u725b\u903c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\u91c7\u7528X-\u5c04\u7ebf\u8367\u5149\u6cd5\uff08XRF\uff09\u7684\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f83ordinary\u4e86\u3002\u672c\u6765\uff0c\u505a\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u524d\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u91cc\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4eec\uff09\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8d1f\u8d23\u6539\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u6280\u672f\u597d\u597d\u513f\u5730\u653e\u5728\u90a3\u513f\u4e86\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7528\u4e0d\u7528\u3001\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u3001\u7528\u591a\u5c11\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u662f\u4e0d\u7528\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e5f\u6ca1\u8d44\u683c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u6309\u7167\u7c7b\u4f3c\u300a\u5357\u65b9\u5468\u672b\u300b\u8fd9\u79cd\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u4f17\u9662\u58eb\u4eec\u90fd\u65e0\u4e0d\u201c\u5fe7\u5fc3\u5fe1\u5fe1\u201d\u554a\u3002\u597d\u50cf\u4ed6\u4eec\u5373\u7136\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u8fde\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u201c\u9020\u4e0d\u9020\u798f\u767e\u59d3\u201d\u4e5f\u8d23\u65e0\u65c1\u8d37\u4e86\u4f3c\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u6765\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u5370\u8c61\u90fd\u7b3c\u7f69\u5728\u611a\u6627\u7684\u8bb0\u8005\u548c\u540c\u6837\u611a\u6627\u7684\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u5934\u4e0a\u3002","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u8bc4\u8bba&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u8bc4\u8bba","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/personal\/%e8%af%84%e8%ae%ba"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8","url_meta":{"origin":5,"position":2},"title":"\u5173\u4e8e\u771f\u7a7a\u7684\u7f8e\u4e3d\u5f80\u4e8b","author":"Andrew","date":"2008\u5e7410\u67089\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"Horror 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vacui\u503e\u5411\u3002 \u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u623f\u95f4\u7684\u51cc\u4e71\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e5f\u9887\u6709horror vacui\u98ce\u683c\u3002 \u8bf4\u56de\u5230\u79d1\u5b66\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u4f3d\u4fd0\u7565\u90fd\u8fd8\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u538c\u6076\u771f\u7a7a\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u771f\u7a7a\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u81ea\u7136\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u7ef4\u6301\u771f\u7a7a\uff0c\u4eba\u5c31\u8981\u8ddf\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u7740\u5e72\u3002\u76f4\u52301643\u5e74\u4ed6\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u6258\u91cc\u62c6\u5229\uff08Evangelista Torricelli\uff09\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u6c14\u538b\u8ba1\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u7a7a\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u771f\u7a7a\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u771f\u7a7a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7ecf\u4eba\u529b\u800c\u81ea\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u538c\u6076\u771f\u7a7a\u7684\u201c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u201d\u3002 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Chem.\u3001Chem. Eur. J.\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u819c\u62dcJ. Stoddart\u3001G. Whitesides\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5f88\u559c\u6b22\u770bAdv. Mater.\u4e0a\u9762\u65b0\u5947\u7684\u3001\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u201d\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u8bfb\u535a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u770bPhys. Rev.\u7cfb\u5217\u591a\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff0cGReader\u679c\u65ad\u9000\u8ba2Adv. Mater.\u3001JACS\u3001Angew. Chem.\uff0c\u72c2\u8ba2arXiv\u3002 \u7855\u58eb\u65f6\u4ee3\u8ddd\u79bb\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc7\u5341\u5e74\u4e86\u3002\u65f6\u9694\u5341\u5e74\u91cd\u65b0\u770b\u5230Stoddart\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u5c3d\u662f\u7855\u58eb\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u60f3\u5230\u5f53\u65f6\u5929\u5929\u770b\u8ddf\u6211\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f88\u591a\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002\u8bb0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4e2d\u53481\u70b9\u5b88\u7740\u98de\u9e3d\u79bb\u5fc3\u673a\u5206\u79bb\u6211\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u53c8\u60f3\u5230\u4e86\u5728\u5bbf\u820d\u7528\u7535\u8111\u770bPDF\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7528\u7684\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684Google Reader\u3002\u53c8\u60f3\u5230\u4e86\u5728\u5bbf\u820d\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u8ddf\u5ba4\u53cb\u4e00\u8d77\u53eb\u7684\u5916\u5356\uff0c\u62bd\u7684\u70df\uff0c\u542c\u7684\u6b4c\uff0c\u5403\u7684\u5bb5\u591c\u548c\u559d\u7684\u9152\u3002\u770b\u5230Stoddart\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u5728\u8111\u4e2d\u4e00\u79d2\u949f\u5c3d\u6570\u95ea\u73b0\u3002 \u5582\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74\u90a3\u4e2a\u6211\uff0c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u5417\u2014\u2014Stoddart\u4eca\u5e74\u62ff\u8bfa\u5956\u4e86\uff01","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u751f\u6d3b&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u751f\u6d3b","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/personal\/nonsense"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":9187,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/9187","url_meta":{"origin":5,"position":4},"title":"\u538b\u654f\u80f6\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6545\u4e8b","author":"Andrew","date":"2025\u5e744\u67085\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u538b\u654f\u80f6\uff08pressure-sensitive adhesive\uff0cPSA\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u5e73\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4e0d\u5e72\u80f6\u3002\u5377\u6210\u4e00\u5377\u5356\u7684\u900f\u660e\u80f6\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f62\u6001\u3002Post-it\u4fbf\u5229\u8d34\u4e0a\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5c42\u80f6\u7c98\u5242\u4e5f\u662f\u538b\u654f\u80f6\u3002\u538b\u654f\u80f6\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u63ed\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u7c98\u5f97\u4f4f\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u5bf9\u770b\u4f3c\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4ece\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u5408\u7406\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u2014\u2014\u7c98\u5f97\u4f4f\u662f\u8ba8\u8bba\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u5bb9\u6613\u63ed\u5219\u662f\u6682\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u7ec6\u81f4\u8c03\u6574\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u80fd\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u4e43\u81f3\u6210\u529f\u5b9e\u73b0\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u662f\u6e90\u81ea3M\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5df2\u6545\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6Carl A. Dahlquist\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u6027\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5224\u636e\u2014\u2014Dahlquist\u5224\u636e\uff08Dahlquist criteria\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u4ed6\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u7684\u3002Dahlquist\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u6b63\u662f\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u5e74\u4ee3\u2014\u2014\u51b7\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u4e24\u7bc7\u8ba3\u544a\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u7bc7\u548c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u2014\u2014\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u590d\u539f\u4e86Dahlquist\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u548c\u65f6\u4ee3\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4ea4\u7ec7\u3002\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\uff08materials science and engineering\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u840c\u82bd\u7684\uff081974\u5e74\u7684COSMAT\u62a5\u544a\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u51e0\u4e4e\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u4ea4\u53c9\u5b66\u79d1\u201d\uff08interdisciplines\uff09\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u30021977\u5e74\uff0cDahlquist\u5728Interdisciplinary Science Reviews\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u6587\u7ae0Adhesion An Interdisciplinary Science\uff0c\u6240\u7f57\u5217\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u80f6\u7c98\u5242\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u4eca\u5929\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u8f6f\u7269\u8d28\u7269\u7406\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u4e5f\u6070\u597d\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u4ece\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6027\u8bd5\u9519\u7684\u201c\u9ed1\u6697\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u8d70\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u8fbe\u5230\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e0d\u4e4f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u548c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5145\u5f53\u4e3b\u89d2\u7684\u6750\u6599\u5de5\u7a0b\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684COSMAT\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u662f\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u201c\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u59cb\u4f5c\u607f\u8005\u3002\u538b\u654f\u80f6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff08performance\uff09\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u9ad8\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff08property\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6c34\u5e73\u63d0\u51fa\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u538b\u654f\u80f6\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5206\u79bb\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7194\u4f53\u6216\u6d53\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7c98\u5f39\u8c31\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u672b\u7aef\u3001\u5e73\u53f0\u3001\u8f6c\u53d8\u548c\u73bb\u7483\u533a\uff08terminal\/plateau\/transition\/glass zones\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u538b\u654f\u80f6\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u5408\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u53ef\u88ab\u6539\u79f0\u4e3atack zone\u3001shear zone\u548cpeel zone\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u538b\u654f\u80f6\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u8fdc\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u538b\u654f\u80f6\u6750\u6599\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u526a\u5207\u53d8\u7a00\u6027\u548c\u89e6\u53d8\u6027\u6062\u590d\u662f\u4e24\u5927\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u5e94\u538b\u654f\u80f6\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u6027\u8d28\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u50cfDahlquist\u57281977\u5e74\u7684\u90a3\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee5\u5de5\u4e1a\u4ea7\u54c1\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u7269\u8d28\u7269\u7406\u6216\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5728\u8f6f\u7269\u8d28\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u5174\u672a\u827e\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u7a00\u5c11\u800c\u96be\u7279\u2014\u2014\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5b66\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002","rel":"","context":"In 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and widely 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