{"id":4395,"date":"2012-01-05T00:01:52","date_gmt":"2012-01-04T16:01:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/?p=4395"},"modified":"2012-01-05T00:04:21","modified_gmt":"2012-01-04T16:04:21","slug":"%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e5%8f%ab%e5%af%b9%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%e6%84%9f%e5%85%b4%e8%b6%a3%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/4395","title":{"rendered":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u201c\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u201d\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"kcite-section\" kcite-section-id=\"4395\">\n<p>\u770b\u4e86<a href=\"http:\/\/www.douban.com\/group\/topic\/26640666\/\">\u91cf\u5b50\u718a\u732b\u5728\u8c46\u74e3\u8f6c\u7684\u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\uff0c\u65e2\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\u88ab\u8bf4\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u786e\u5b9e\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u89c9\u5f97\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u6210\u4e3a\u8ba9\u4eba\u201c\u5e61\u7136\u89c9\u9192\u201d\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u6052\u8a00\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u9053\u7406\u90fd\u662f\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u5173\u5fc3\u548c\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u90fd\u80fd\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e00\u53e5\u201c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u201d\u80fd\u591f\u9003\u907f\u6389\u7684\u666e\u904d\u771f\u7406\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u50cf\u6211\u8fd9\u6837\u5e38\u5e38\u53d8\u4e86\u6001\u4f3c\u5730\u4e0d\u65ad\u53cd\u601d\u81ea\u5df1\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4eba\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4e8b\u540e\u80fd\u53cd\u601d\u4e00\u4e0b\u7684\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u6211\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5c31\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u628a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u505a\u8fd0\u52a8\u8981\u558a1234\u3002\u6211\u505a\u4e861\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u505c\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u5bf91\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u53cd\u601d\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u91cc\u5012\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u503c\u5f97\u62ff\u51fa\u6765\u8bf4\u8bf4\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u95ee\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4f1a\u6765\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u505a\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f60\u4f1a\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff1f\u4eba\u5bb6\u4e5f\u95ee\u8fc7\u6211\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u6709\u6240\u8c13\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662ffallacy\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684fallacy\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u6211\u4ece\u5c0f\u5c31\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u201d\u5927\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u5c0f\u5c31\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d8\u6210\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u6211\u8bf4\u8fd9\u662ffallacy\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5174\u8da3\u90fd\u662fsuperficial\u3002\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u8bf4\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4f60\u7238\u7238\u5988\u5988\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e70\u4e00\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b66\u6f2b\u753b\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u4f60\u770b\u4e86\u5f88\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5174\u8da3\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u7238\u7238\u5988\u5988\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u771f\u4e56\uff0c\u771f\u597d\u5b66\u3002\u201d\u5938\u5956\u51e0\u6b21\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u591a\u770b\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u4e0d\u61c2\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u505a\u79d1\u5b66\u5c31\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5927\u591a\u6570\u8bf4\u6211\u5bf9\u8111\u79d1\u5b66\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u771f\u7684\u505a\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u56de\u4e8b\u3002Real interest comes from doing science. <\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb2\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6211\u505a\u79d1\u5b66\u505a\u4e86\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u624d\u53d1\u73b0\u79d1\u5b66\u771f\u7684\u662f\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6211\u662f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u3002\uff08\u5174\u8da3\uff09\u662f\u6162\u6162\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u540c\u5b66\u8fdb\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u7ed9\u4f60\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\u4f60\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f60\u600e\u4e48\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff1f\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u9a6c\u4e0a \u80fd\u51fa\u4e00\u7bc7Nature paper\uff0c\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff1f\u53ea\u6709\u4f60\u505a\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f60\u597d\u597d\u505a\uff0c\u505a\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u6709positive reward\u6765\u4e86\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u4e86\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u4e4b\u524d\u90a3\u6837\u8981\u6709Nature paper\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u505a\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u6ca1\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u591a\u5927\u7684\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u505a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u624d\u771f\u7684\u6709\uff08\u5174\u8da3\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u4f60\u5bf9\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6211\u60f3\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u4f60build up\u79d1\u5b66\u8981\u65e9\uff0c\u8d8a\u65e9\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u83b7\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3apositive reward\uff0c\u4f60\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aproject\u505a\u987a\u4e86\uff0c\u505a\u6210\u529f\u4e86\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u6765\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u51fa\u4e00\u7bc7paper\uff0c\u4f60\u7684contribution\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u662f\u8ddf\u7740\u5e08\u5144\u4e00\u8d77\u505a\uff0c\u505a\u6210\u529f\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u662fpositive reward\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u8981\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u96be\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u51fa\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f60\u7684failure\u662f\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u600e\u4e48\u505a\uff0c\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u96be\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5230\u6700\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5c31\u611f\u5230frustrated\uff0c\u4e09\u5e74\u56db\u5e74\u540e\u4f60\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u79d1\u666e\u662f\u626f\u86cb\u201d\u7684\u660e\u8bc1\u3002\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u8981\u628a\u79d1\u666e\u201c\u8d2c\u201d\u4e3a\u201c\u4ece\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u6316\u6398\u4eba\u6587\u610f\u5473\u201d\uff0c\u504f\u504f\u4e0d\u53d7\u79d1\u666e\u201c\u5fd7\u613f\u5206\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u5f85\u89c1\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u6837\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e00\u76f4\u575a\u79f0\u662f\u5728\u201c\u4f20\u64ad\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u201c\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u5927\u4f17\u9700\u6c42\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u5927\u4f17\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u672a\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u201c\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u201d\uff1f\u5168\u662f\u5047\u7684\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u6587\u8fb9\u89d2\u6599\u201d\u3001\u730e\u5947\u3001\u540d\u4eba\u4f5a\u4e8b\u4e4b\u7c7b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6d3b\u8be5\u677e\u9f20\u4f1a\u8f9b\u8f9b\u82e6\u82e6\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u79d1\u666e\u5c0f\u54c1\u3001\u4e13\u680f\u5728\u5e73\u5a92\u5145\u5176\u91cf\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0a\u5468\u672b\u526f\u520a\u7684\u53f3\u4e0b\u89d2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e86\u6269\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u677e\u9f20\u4f1a\u8981\u89e6\u52a8\u65b0\u95fb\u70ed\u70b9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53c8\u6709\u4e86\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u65b0\u95fb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u79d1\u666e\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u79d1\u666e\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u98df\u54c1\u548c\u65e5\u7528\u5546\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u201c\u8865\u4e60\u5e16\u201d\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u79d1\u666e\u6211\u4e5f\u65e9\u5c31\u6279\u8bc4\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd8\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u674e\u864e\u519b\u5728\u5fae\u535a\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u3010\u79d1\u6280\u4f20\u8c23\u624d\u662f\u4e3b\u6d41\u30112005\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u6211\u5e94\u6e56\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u79d1\u6280\u4f20\u64ad\u6240\u6240\u957f\u674e\u6d69\u9e23\u6559\u6388\u9080\u8bf7\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u5728\u5cb3\u9e93\u4e66\u9662\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u4f20\u64ad\u8bba\u575b\u3002\u8f6e\u5230\u6211\u53d1\u8a00\u65f6\uff0c\u8131\u53e3\u800c\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u79d1\u6280\u4f20\u64ad\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u79d1\u6280\u4f20\u8c23\u624d\u662f\u4e3b\u6d41\u201d\u3002\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u7b11\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4e00\u672c\u6b63\u7ecf\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u201d\u3002\u51e0\u5e74\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u201c\u79d1\u6280\u4f20\u8c23\u201d\u4e4b\u4e8b\u5728\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u5c61\u5c61\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u8c23\u4f20\u4e0d\u8c23\u4f20\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5a92\u4f53\u53d8\u6210\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u6218\u573a\u3002\u73af\u7403\u65f6\u62a5\u6709\u591a\u79bb\u8c31\uff0c\u5357\u65b9\u62a5\u7cfb\u5c31\u540c\u6837\u6709\u591a\u79bb\u8c31\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u677e\u9f20\u4f1a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u56fa\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u662f\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u8c23\u4f20\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u6c11\u7cb9\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u5728\u5b9e\u4e8b\u6c42\u662f\u5730\u4e3a\u76f8\u5173\u5229\u76ca\u65b9\u8fa9\u62a4\u65f6\u4e0d\u7ed9\u529b\u3001\u4e0d\u5168\u9762\u3001\u907f\u91cd\u5c31\u8f7b\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u628a\u5229\u76ca\u65b9\u9a82\u5012\u8ba8\u597d\u4e00\u4e0b\u7f51\u6c11\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u592a\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7231\u800c\u5ba3\u4f20\u7c73\u996d\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7231\u5c0f\u4e09\u8fd8\u62c6\u6563\u522b\u4eba\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e86\u5462\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u521a\u770b\u5b8cSoviet Scientist in China\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66<a 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kcite active, but no citations found -->\n<\/div> <!-- kcite-section 4395 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interest comes from doing science. \u6211\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb2\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6211\u505a\u79d1\u5b66\u505a\u4e86\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u624d\u53d1\u73b0\u79d1\u5b66\u771f\u7684\u662f\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6211\u662f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u3002\uff08\u5174\u8da3\uff09\u662f\u6162\u6162\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u540c\u5b66\u8fdb\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u7ed9\u4f60\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\u4f60\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f60\u600e\u4e48\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff1f\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u9a6c\u4e0a \u80fd\u51fa\u4e00\u7bc7Nature paper\uff0c\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff1f\u53ea\u6709\u4f60\u505a\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f60\u597d\u597d\u505a\uff0c\u505a\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u6709positive reward\u6765\u4e86\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u4e86\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u4e4b\u524d\u90a3\u6837\u8981\u6709Nature paper\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u505a\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u6ca1\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u591a\u5927\u7684\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u505a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u624d\u771f\u7684\u6709\uff08\u5174\u8da3\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u4f60\u5bf9\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6211\u60f3\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u4f60build up\u79d1\u5b66\u8981\u65e9\uff0c\u8d8a\u65e9\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u83b7\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3apositive 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