{"id":3305,"date":"2011-07-18T23:10:28","date_gmt":"2011-07-18T15:10:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/?p=3305"},"modified":"2022-06-03T21:45:19","modified_gmt":"2022-06-03T13:45:19","slug":"scott-blair%e8%ae%ba%e6%b5%81%e5%8f%98%e5%ad%a6%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%a4%e4%b8%aa%e7%9b%ae%e7%9a%84%e5%92%8c%e5%90%b5%e6%9e%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/3305","title":{"rendered":"Scott-Blair\u8bba\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u5435\u67b6"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"kcite-section\" kcite-section-id=\"3305\">\n\n<p>\u56de\u90d1\u878d\u8001\u5e08\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u8111\u4e2d\u7a81\u7136\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u611f\u5230\u6211\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8ddf\u4ed6\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6ce8\u5851\u6210\u578b\u7684\u4e66\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff1f\u987a\u4fbf\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e0b\u90d1\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u4e66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[AMAZONPRODUCT=364221262X]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-default is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u8fd8\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u6ce8\u5851\u6210\u5f62\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u662f\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u800c\u6211\u505a\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u4f30\u8ba1\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u611f\u89c9\u6a2a\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u9762\u524d\u7684\u4e24\u5ea7\u5927\u5c71\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u4f46\u90fd\u5f88\u6df1\u3002\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u82b1\u62db\u5728\u4e8eflow\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u6d41\u9053\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6324\u538b\u3001\u62c9\u4f38\u6d41\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8c\u6b21\u6d41\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u4f60\u5149\u7528\u4e2apowerlaw fluid\u90fd\u591f\u4f60\u73a9\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u5219\u7531\u4e8e\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u5806\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u95ee\u9898\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4f53\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u7b97\u4e0d\u6d41\u52a8\u90fd\u96be\u6b7b\u4eba\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u573a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u91cc\u8003\u8651\u6d41\u52a8\u81f3\u591a\u5c31\u662fdissipation-fluctuation theory\uff08DFT\uff0c\u5176\u601d\u60f3\u8bf4\u767d\u4e86\u5c31\u662f\u5e94\u529b\u677e\u5f1b\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u8d85\u8fc7\u7ebf\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u5c31\u5f88\u591f\u545b\u3002\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7edf\u4e00\u5730\u628a\u526a\u5207\u6d41\u548c\u62c9\u4f38\u6d41\u4e00\u8d77\u63cf\u8ff0\u597d\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u201c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\u7ecf\u4e0d\u8d77\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u6298\u817e\u3002\u597d\u591a\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u53ea\u9650\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cdflow\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6362\u4e00\u79cdflow\u5c31\u7acb\u9a6c\u6b47\u83dc\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u6309\u8bb8\u5143\u6cfd\u8001\u5e08\u66fe\u7ecf\u79c1\u4e0b\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u8fd8\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u63cf\u8ff0\u6e05\u695a\u201d\u4e86\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bdd\u5982\u679c\u8131\u79bb\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u53e5\u5927\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u56de\u90d1\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u4fe1\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86Scott Blair\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u4e0a\u8ff0\u201c\u4e24\u5ea7\u5927\u5c71\u201dScott-Blair\u5728<em>J. Sci. Instrum.<\/em>\uff08<strong>1940<\/strong>, <em>17<\/em>, 169\uff09\u91cc\u4e5f\u603b\u7ed3\u8fc7\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b57\u4e0d\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u884c\u4e91\u6d41\u6c34\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u5168\u5f15\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>There are two reasons for measuring rheological (flow and deformation) properties of industrial materials. On the one hand, a property hitherto unassessed is measured in the hope that it may be found to correlate with some quite different characteristic of the product. In some cases there are theoretical reasons for supposing such a connexion: in others the process is quite empirical. As examples, we may quote the determinations of the viscosity of dilute suspensions of flour in water, which were at one time frequently made as an index of the baking quality of the dough, or the connexion between the condition of flocculation and hence of the flow properties of thin clay pastes with the tilth of field soisls (i.e. potentialities as seed-beds).<\/p><p>More frequently, on the other hand, the rheologist attempts to imitate in a quantitative and objective way some measurement which has long been made subjectively by the expert in manufacture, This is not so much in order to replace men by machines as to give the expert a standard against which to compare his judgements and to ensure that different experts measure the same properties under the same names, although in some few cases the subjective judgement has tended to be altogether replaced in course of time.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Scott-Blair\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f15\u7528\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\u5199\u5f97\u597d\u50cf\u4e00\u7bc7essay\u4e00\u6837\u4eb2\u5207\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u540e\u9762\u518d\u8bf4\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5f15\u6587\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u7ed3\u6784-\u6027\u80fd\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u627e\u5230\u51c6\u786e\u3001\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u524d\u8005\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u4f1a\u52a8\u7528\u5230\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u7ed3\u6784-\u6027\u80fd\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u559c\u6b22\u8bf4\u201c\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7269\u7406\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5316\u5b66\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u5c3a\u5ea6\u548c<em>pVT<\/em>\u533a\u95f4\u786e\u5b9e\u5c31\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u3002\u5426\u5219\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\u7c92\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u4e5f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u7ed3\u6784-\u6027\u80fd\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b66\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6700\u6709\u8868\u5f81\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6574\u4e2a\u76f4\u7ebf\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4e2a\u659c\u7387\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e00\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u91cf\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d1\u73b0\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u659c\u7387\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u65e2\u7136\u8c08\u5230\u201c\u6d4b\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6709\u6d4b\u4e0d\u51c6\u539f\u7406\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5f15\u7528\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7684\u8bdd\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7684\u90a3\u6bb5\u5f88\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8bdd\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u5e94\u9a8c\u5728\u6211\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u6d41\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9\u6837\u54c1\u65bd\u52a0\u5c0f\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u5f62\u53d8\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u54c1\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6837\u54c1\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f62\u53d8\u65f6\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5e94\u529b\u677e\u5f1b\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u7c98\u5f39\u8c31\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u505a\u6cd5\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u662fDFT\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u9762\u5bf9\u50cf\u87ba\u6746\u6324\u51fa\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f60\u518d\u53bb\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e94\u529b\u677e\u5f1b\u90a3\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u5f88\u7b28\u62d9\u5f88\u53ef\u7b11\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u505a\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u9636\u8dc3\u526a\u5207\u3001\u62c9\u4f38\u2026\u2026\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u5728\u4e8eScott-Blair\u8bf4\u7684\u201cdifferent experts measure the same properties under the same names\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u3002\u4f60\u8981\u6d4b\u6837\u54c1\u6d41\u52a8\u65f6\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u5f97\u8ba9\u6837\u54c1\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u800c\u6d41\u52a8\u6539\u53d8\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u53c8\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u201c\u6d41\u52a8\u201d\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u672c\u6765\u662f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u73b0\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u5dee\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u5e78\u8fd0\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u6837\u54c1\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7b80\u5355\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5355\u5206\u6563\u7ebf\u5f62\u67d4\u6027\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff09\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e00\u590d\u6742\u70b9\u513f\uff0ctime-dependence\u5c31\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u89e6\u53d8\u6027\u5c31\u6765\u4e86\uff0cdifferent experts\u6240measure\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662fthe same properties under the same names\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5c31\u5404\u81ea\u4e3a\u653f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u540e\u7684Barnes\u5728\u5199Thixotropy &#8212; a review\uff08<em>J. Non-Newt. Fluid Mech.<\/em> <strong>1997<\/strong>, <em>70<\/em>, 1\uff09\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8bf4Scott Blair\u81ea\u79f0\u201cthe whole subject [of thixotropy] is so very new\u201d\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u516b\u5341\u591a\u7bc7\u76f8\u5173\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u7b97\u54ea\u6015\u6709800\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u516c\u8ba4\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u5957\u8def\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u5404\u81ea\u4e3a\u653f\uff0c\u4e0dcomparable\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7269\u7406\u90a3\u4e00\u5757\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u73b0\u5728\u7279\u522b\u70ed\u95e8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u8fd9\u4e00\u5757\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6211\u611f\u89c9\u4eba\u4eec\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53bb\u9119\u89c6\u4e00\u5207\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u521a\u624d\u5173\u4e8e\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6211\u591a\u8bf4\u4e00\u70b9\u513f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Barnes\u5728\u4ed6\u7684review\u91cc\u8fd8\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Readers with an interest in the historical derivation of scientific expressions are directed to Scott-Blair [10], p.52. All Scott-Blair&#8217;s books were written as personal memoirs and are very evocative of the man himself for those who knew him.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u6587\u732e[10]\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[AMAZONPRODUCT=B0007J1J9A]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e70\u4e0b\u4e86\uff0c\u4f30\u8ba1\u8981\u4e0b\u4e2a\u6708\u624d\u80fdship\u5230\u5e7f\u5dde\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u6211\u8fd8\u4e70\u4e86Scott-Blair\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[AMAZONPRODUCT=B0000CHRBO]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u66f4\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4e66\u3002\u5728<em>Journal of Nervous &amp; Mental Disease<\/em> <strong>1956<\/strong>, <em>123<\/em>, 499\u4e0a\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u4e66\u8bc4\uff08\u7b97\u662f\u201c\u8de8\u754c\u201d\u4e86\uff09\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u5728\u770b\u5230\u539f\u4e66\u524d\u5c31\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u5927\u81f4\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Most scientists do not even try to distinguish with accuracy between what is real in a measured dimension and what is but a result of abstract logical classification. He describes briefly some of the essential features, the similarities and differences, of spatial, psychological and physical dimensions of space and of time. The author points out that the scales and concepts of measurement cannot be the same in all science and that, e.g., physics and psychology (including psychoanalysis) need their own specific definition of dimension and measuring units.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Scott-Blair\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u9f13\u5439\u8981\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u53d1\u660e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684dimension\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e2d\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0d\u5bf9\u771f\u5b9e\u65f6\u95f4\u4f5c\u56fe\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u201cdimensionless\u201d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4f5c\u56fe\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u5f88\u591adimensionless\u7684\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<em>De<\/em>\u3001<em>We<\/em><em>\u3001<\/em><em>Pe<\/em>\u3001<em>Ca<\/em>\u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d6\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u9891\u7387\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fe\u7684\u6a2a\u5750\u6807\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u80cc\u666f\u4f46\u521a\u8fdb\u5165\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u4eba\u6293\u72c2\uff0c\u4f46\u786e\u662f\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u7684\u667a\u6167\u6240\u5728\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0cScott-Blair\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u88ab\u6279\u4e3amysticism\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u539f\u6587\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46Scott-Blair\u597d\u50cf\u5f88\u4e0d\u5feb\uff0c\u5728<em>Br. J. Appl. Phys.<\/em> <strong>1951<\/strong>, <em>2<\/em>, 60\u4e0a\u56de\u5e94\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u6307\u8d23\u3002\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u79cddimension\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u5b9e\u8d28\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\uff0c\u90fd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5e7f\u8303\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u5e26\u6765mysticism\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u9664\u4e86\u539f\u6709\u7684mysticism\uff0c\u662f\u597d\u7684science\u3002<\/p>\n<!-- kcite active, but no citations found -->\n<\/div> <!-- kcite-section 3305 -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u56de\u90d1\u878d\u8001\u5e08\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u8111\u4e2d\u7a81\u7136\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u611f\u5230\u6211\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8ddf\u4ed6\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6ce8\u5851\u6210\u578b\u7684\u4e66\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff1f\u987a\u4fbf\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e0b\u90d1\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u4e66\uff1a [AMAZONPRODUCT=364221262X] \u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u8fd8\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a \u6211\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u6ce8\u5851\u6210\u5f62\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u662f\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u800c\u6211\u505a\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u4f30\u8ba1\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u611f\u89c9\u6a2a\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u9762\u524d\u7684\u4e24\u5ea7\u5927\u5c71\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u4f46\u90fd\u5f88\u6df1\u3002\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u82b1\u62db\u5728\u4e8eflow\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u6d41\u9053\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6324\u538b\u3001\u62c9\u4f38\u6d41\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8c\u6b21\u6d41\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u4f60\u5149\u7528\u4e2apowerlaw fluid\u90fd\u591f\u4f60\u73a9\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u5219\u7531\u4e8e\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u5806\u3002\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u95ee\u9898\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4f53\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u7b97\u4e0d\u6d41\u52a8\u90fd\u96be\u6b7b\u4eba\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u573a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u91cc\u8003\u8651\u6d41\u52a8\u81f3\u591a\u5c31\u662fdissipation-fluctuation theory\uff08DFT\uff0c\u5176\u601d\u60f3\u8bf4\u767d\u4e86\u5c31\u662f\u5e94\u529b\u677e\u5f1b\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u8d85\u8fc7\u7ebf\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u5c31\u5f88\u591f\u545b\u3002\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7edf\u4e00\u5730\u628a\u526a\u5207\u6d41\u548c\u62c9\u4f38\u6d41\u4e00\u8d77\u63cf\u8ff0\u597d\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u201c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\u7ecf\u4e0d\u8d77\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u6298\u817e\u3002\u597d\u591a\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u53ea\u9650\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cdflow\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6362\u4e00\u79cdflow\u5c31\u7acb\u9a6c\u6b47\u83dc\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u6309\u8bb8\u5143\u6cfd\u8001\u5e08\u66fe\u7ecf\u79c1\u4e0b\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u8fd8\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u201d\u3002 \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u63cf\u8ff0\u6e05\u695a\u201d\u4e86\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bdd\u5982\u679c\u8131\u79bb\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u53e5\u5927\u8bdd\u3002 \u6211\u56de\u90d1\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u4fe1\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86Scott Blair\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u4e0a\u8ff0\u201c\u4e24\u5ea7\u5927\u5c71\u201dScott-Blair\u5728J. Sci. Instrum.\uff081940, 17, 169\uff09\u91cc\u4e5f\u603b\u7ed3\u8fc7\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b57\u4e0d\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u884c\u4e91\u6d41\u6c34\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u5168\u5f15\uff1a There are two reasons for measuring rheological (flow and deformation) properties of industrial materials. On the one hand, a property hitherto unassessed is measured in the hope that it may be found to correlate with some quite different characteristic of the product. 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With the development of colloid chemistry, such a situation will be more and more common. We therefore must establish a branch of physics where\u2026","rel":"","context":"In 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Chem. Educ.\u4e0a\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66","author":"Andrew","date":"2015\u5e741\u670828\u65e5","format":"aside","excerpt":"\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u8ba2\u9605ACS\u7684J. Chem. Educ.\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u6700\u8fd1\u5bc6\u96c6\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u51e0\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u53bb\u627e\u627eJ. Chem. Educ.\u4ece\u521b\u520a\u4ee5\u6765\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u90fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u3002 \u7528rheology\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u641c\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u91cc\u9762\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u6311\u9009\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fa\u6765\u3002 1929\u5e74\u6b63\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u90a3\u5e74\uff0cBingham\u5728J. Chem. 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Educ.\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u5c40\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u4f1a\u8bae\u8bba\u6587\u53ca\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709Bingham\u3001Reiner\u548cScott-Blair\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u5176\u4e2dReiner\u6f14\u8bb2\u9898\u76ee\u7adf\u7136\u53eb\u505aThe General Equation of Flow!\uff08\u539f\u6807\u9898\u5c31\u542b\u611f\u53f9\u53f7\uff09\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u5f88\u597d\u5947\u6f14\u8bb2\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u3002 \u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u8df3\u5230\u4e8660\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cFerry\u5728J. Chem. Educ.\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0a\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u4e5f\u80fd\u50a8\u5b58\u80fd\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u88ab\u63a5\u4f38\u201d\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u71b5\u5f39\u6027\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u677e\u5f1b\u8c31\u3002 Weissenberg\u6548\u5e94\u662f1940\u5e74\u4ee3\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u4e00\u76f4\u523060\u5e74\u4ee3\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u8fd8\u5904\u4e8e\u53d1\u73b0\u54ea\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\u4f1a\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u30021961\u5e74Nature\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u86cb\u767d\u6709Weissenberg\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5728J. 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Educ.\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u80f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6f14\u793aWeissenberg\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002 \u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u662f1920\u5e74\u3002\u8fd9\u521a\u597d\u4e5f\u662fStaudinger\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u8bba\u805a\u5408\u300b\u7684\u90a3\u5e74\uff0c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6982\u5ff5\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5b66\u8005\u5173\u6ce8\u590d\u6742\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u80f6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\u6837\u54c1\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u90fd\u53eb\u80f6\u4f53\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\uff08\u5f53\u53ebelastic aftereffect\uff09\u3001\u7c98\u5ea6\u7684\u526a\u5207\u901f\u7387\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u57281920\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5f97\u6bd4\u597d\u4e86\uff08\u4ee5Maxwell\u7528\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u666e\u904d\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4ee5\u864e\u514b\u548c\u725b\u987f\u4e3a\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6cca\u8083\u53f6\u3001\u67ef\u897f\u3001Maxwell\u548cBoltzmann\u7b49\u4eba\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u8fde\u7eed\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u56f4\u3002Reiner\u5728\u542c\u8bf4Bingham\u8981\u63d0\u51fa\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u56de\u590d\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ebf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u540e\u7eed\u8fd8\u6709Rivlin\u3001Oldroyd\u3001Noll\u3001Truesdell\u7b49\u4eba\u6cbf\u7740\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7406\u6027\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8def\u5b50\u8d70\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u540e\u6765\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u771f\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u4e4b\u540e\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ebf\u7814\u7a76\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53e6\u5916\u518d\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5Bingham\u5728J. Chem. Educ.\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u7acb\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u5927\u5bb6\u6240\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u662f\u5851\u6027\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u5373\u8ddf\u5f53\u65f6\u5173\u4e8e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u672c\u6784\u65b9\u7a0b\u7814\u7a76\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u3001\u90a3\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u5c48\u670d\u5e94\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\uff08\u5728Bingham\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e73\u6db2\u6837\u54c1\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a The hydraulicians were not aware that there is more than the one type of flow, and the type with which they were occupied did not\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8206,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/8206","url_meta":{"origin":3305,"position":5},"title":"\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5386\u53f2\uff08\u4e00\uff09","author":"Andrew","date":"2021\u5e748\u670816\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u524d\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u505a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\uff08viscoelasticity\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u3002 \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0aMaria Grazia Ianniello\u4f5c\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u5de5\u4f5c\u200b(Ianniello 1993)\u200b\u200b*\u200b\uff0c\u6211\u5199\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u4e5f\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u5979\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u770b\u8fc7\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u732e\u7684\u539f\u6587\uff08\u89c1\u6b64\u6587\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u53bb\u770bIanniello\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u6587\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u5979\u5173\u6ce8\u7ec6\u8282\u8ddf\u6211\u4e00\u6837\u591a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u770b\u5f97\u548c\u60f3\u5f97\u6bd4\u6211\u66f4\u4ed4\u7ec6\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u5173\u7167\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e5f\u548c\u6211\u5f88\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5f88\u4fe1\u8d56\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u66f4\u65e9\u4e9b\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u8bba\u6587\u200b(D\u00f6rries 1991)\u200b\uff0c\u4ece\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u4f59\u6548\u201d\uff08Nachwirking\uff09\u4e0e\u201c\u8fdf\u6ede\u201d\uff08histeresis\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u56de\u987e\u4e8619\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u53f2\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u5982Ianniello\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d0\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u200b(Tanner and Walters 1998)\u200b\u7684\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u96be\u514d\u4e5f\u6d41\u4e8e\u6cdb\u6cdb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c97\u7565\u7684\u63d0\u7eb2\u548c\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u6765\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cHershel Markovitz\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u53f2\u603b\u7ed3\u66f4\u52a0\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u5411\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u66f4\u5bcc\u6709\u6d1e\u89c1\u200b(Markovitz 1968, 1977, 1985)\u200b\u3002\u200b(Doraiswamy 2002)\u200b\u4e5f\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5168\u9762\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6eaf\u6e90\u8d44\u6599\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u200b(Tanner 2002)\u200b\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u6d41\u53d8\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b66\u4e2d\u6b63\u5f26\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002 \u5df2\u6545\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5bb6\u90d1\u878d\u8001\u5e08\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u5199\u6ee1\u4e86\u810d\u7099\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u53f2\u8bdd\u3002 1. \u4eca\u5929\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u201c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u201d \u201c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u201d\uff08viscoelasticity\uff09\u662f\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6216\u529b\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bcd\u3002 Ferry\u5bf9\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u552f\u8c61\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u200b(Ferry 1980)\u200b\u3002\u800c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u89c1\u4e8e\u5404\u4e2a\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u6559\u6750\u3002\u503c\u63d0\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\u632f\u8361\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5728\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6846\u67b6\u5728\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u201c\u5927\u5e45\u632f\u8361\u526a\u5207\u201d\uff08large amplitude oscillatory shear\uff0cLAOS\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5927\u578b\u7efc\u8ff0\u200b(Hyun et al. 2011)\u200b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u65e9\u4e86\uff0c\u5176\u4e4b\u540e\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7efc\u8ff0\u6709\u200b(Bird and Giacomin 2016)\u200b\u548c\u200b(Voigtmann 2014)\u200b\u3002 \u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u529b\u5b66\u4e4b\u5916\u6709\u66f4\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u677e\u5f1b\uff08\u5f1b\u8c6b\uff09\u73b0\u8c61\u200b\u2020\u200b\uff0c\u5728\u7535\u78c1\u5b66\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64Oppenheim\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u200b(Oppenheim et al. 1997)\u200b\u4e2d\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ddf\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u662f\u76f8\u901a\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u901a\u7528\u672c\u6784\u2014\u2014Boltzmann\u65b9\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u65f6\u4e0d\u53d8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5377\u79ef\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u53f2\u8ddf\u7535\u78c1\u5b66\u548c\u7535\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u5ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u3002 \u81f3\u4e8e\u5b8f\u89c2\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5b8f\u89c2\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5f1b\u8c6b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5b8f\u89c2\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5f1b\u8c6b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u70ed\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5730\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u54cd\u5e94\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u200b(Evans and Morriss 2008)\u200b\u548c\u200b(Kreuzer 1981)\u200b\u3002 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u5bf9\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u5728\u56de\u987e\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u5173\u6ce8\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4eba\u4ece\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73b0\u8c61\u6240\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6700\u521d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8ddf\u4eca\u5929\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u548c\u5dee\u8ddd\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f\u4e4b\u540e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u201c\u677e\u5f1b\u201d\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\uff1f 2. \u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66 \u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\u5bf9\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u864e\u514b\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u725b\u987f\u7c98\u6027\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\u3002\u4ece\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u672c\u6784\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5e0c\u671b\u542c\u4f17\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80cc\u666f\u6709\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u200b\u2021\u200b\u3002 \u9996\u5148\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u6b27\u62c9\u628a\u725b\u987f\u8fd0\u52a8\u5b9a\u5f8b\u63a8\u5e7f\u81f3\u8fde\u7eed\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u5e76\u63a8\u5bfc\u4e86\u521a\u4f53\u548c\u7406\u60f3\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u200b(Truesdell 1960a, 1968)\u200b\u200b\u00a7\u200b\u3002\u8fd9\u5927\u6982\u662f\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002 \u5173\u4e8e\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f2f\u52aa\u5229\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ed61738\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684Hydrodynamica\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\u200b(Truesdell 1960a, 1968)\u200b\u3002\u4f2f\u52aa\u5229\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u673a\u68b0\u80fd\u4e0e\u91cd\u529b\u52bf\u80fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u3002\u4ec5\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u80fd\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b88\u6052\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u529b\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\uff08\u5373\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516c\u8bbe\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u4e0e\u70ed\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7b49\u4e00\u540c\u7ea0\u7f20\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u624d\u7b97\u786e\u7acb\u3002\u2026","rel":"","context":"In 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