{"id":301,"date":"2008-08-16T13:17:52","date_gmt":"2008-08-16T05:17:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/walking.72pines.com\/archives\/301"},"modified":"2011-03-20T14:31:59","modified_gmt":"2011-03-20T06:31:59","slug":"%e2%80%9c%e5%85%b1%e6%8c%af%e8%ae%ba%e2%80%9d%e5%be%80%e4%ba%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/301","title":{"rendered":"\u201c\u5171\u632f\u8bba\u201d\u5f80\u4e8b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"kcite-section\" kcite-section-id=\"301\">\n<p><a href=\"void(0);\/*1218565562143*\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.sciencenet.cn\/upload\/blog\/images\/2008\/8\/200881322525637.jpg\" align=\"left\" border=\"0\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><\/a>\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u6211\u56fd\u968f\u82cf\u8054\u8001\u5927\u54e5\u4e4b\u540e\u6380\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u80a1\u6279\u5224\u201c\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7406\u8bba\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5171\u632f\u8bba\u201d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6539\u9020\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u82cf\u8054\u662f51\u5e74\u641e\u8d77\u6279\u5224\u5171\u632f\u8bba\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u901a \u62a5\u300b\u521b\u520a\u4ee5\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u8001\u5927\u54e5\u7684\u5c3e\u5df4\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u4ecb\u7ecd\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u6211\u56fd\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u573a\u601d\u60f3\u6539\u9020\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u901a\u62a5\u300b\u4e8e\u662f\u5c31\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u91cc\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6539\u9020\u7684\u653f \u6cbb\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u4e00\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u901a\u62a5\u300b\u4e00\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u5c31\u9a6c\u4e0a\u601d\u60f3\u6539\u9020\u4e86\u3002\u5c31\u6279\u5224\u5171\u632f\u8bba\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4eceCNKI\u91cc\u8fd8\u52c9\u5f3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u641c\u5230\u4e00\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u5510\u6556\u5e86\u90a3 \u7bc7\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u8085\u6e05\u5316\u5b78\u69cb\u9020\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7684\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300b\u5df2\u7ecf\u641c\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u300a\u5510\u6556\u5e86\u6587\u96c6\u300b\u91cc\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u300b\u5374\u53ef\u4ee5 \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\uff0c\u8bba\u8c03\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u5f90\u5149\u5baa\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u300a\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5171\u632f\u8bba\u7684\u6279\u5224\u300b\u3002\u300a\u5316\u5b66\u901a\u62a5\u300b\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7ed3\u6784\u7406\u8bba\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f1a\u603b\u7ed3\u201d\uff0c\u628a\u5f53\u65f6\u5173\u4e8e\u5171\u632f\u8bba\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u4f1a\u60c5\u51b5\u62a5\u544a \u4e86\u4e00\u901a\u3002\u6211\u641c\u5230\u5510\u6709\u797a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5219\u5168\u662f\u5728\u652f\u6301\u5171\u632f\u8bba\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u5c31\u662fPauling\u3002\u4ed6\u771f\u591f\u4e49\u6c14\u5440\uff01\u5176\u5b9e\u5510\u6556\u5e86\u548c\u5f90\u5149\u5baa\u5199\u4e00\u7bc7\u300a\u8083\u6e05\u300b\u6216\u8005\u300a\u6279\u5224\u300b \u4e5f\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u8ddf\u5510\u6709\u797a\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6587\u9769\u65f6\u671f\u7167\u6837\u88ab\u6279\u5012\u6279\u81ed\u3002\u56fe\u4e3a\u300a\u65b0\u4e1c\u5317\u4eba\u5927\u300b\u521b\u520a\u53f7\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u65b0\u4e1c\u5317\u4eba\u5927\u5c31\u662f\u6587\u9769\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5409\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencenet.cn\/upload\/blog\/file\/2008\/8\/20088132124874616.pdf\"><font color=\"#0000ff\">\u5916\u56fd\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5199\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u6279\u5224\u5171\u632f\u8bba\u7684\u5386\u53f2<\/font><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencenet.cn\/upload\/blog\/file\/2008\/8\/200881325448700325.pdf\"><font color=\"#0000ff\">\u6211\u56fd\u5bf9\u5316\u5b66\u5171\u632f\u8bba\u6279\u5224\u7684\u5c0f\u53f2<\/font><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencenet.cn\/upload\/blog\/file\/2008\/8\/200881323649528853.pdf\"><font color=\"#0000ff\">\u5f90\u5149\u5baa\u7684\u6587\u7ae0<\/font><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencenet.cn\/upload\/blog\/file\/2008\/8\/20088132205079310.pdf\"><font color=\"#0000ff\">\u5510\u6556\u5e86\u7684\u6587\u7ae0<\/font><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencenet.cn\/upload\/blog\/file\/2008\/8\/20088132452153890.pdf\"><font color=\"#0000ff\">\u5510\u6709\u797a\u4e00\u9488\u89c1\u8840\u5730\u70b9\u51fa\u4e86\u5171\u632f\u8bba\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28<\/font><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencenet.cn\/upload\/blog\/file\/2008\/8\/200881321353793589.\"><font color=\"#0000ff\">\u4e00\u7bc7J. 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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6258\u91cc\u62c6\u5229\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd8\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u963b\u529b\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u521a\u624d\u8bf4\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u6709\u4eba\u79c1\u4e0b\u91cc\u76f8\u4fe1\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\uff0c\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u5c31\u66f4\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5e38\u5e38\u628a\u7126\u70b9\u653e\u5728Pierre Gassendi \uff081592-1655\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0a\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3a\u8c03\u548c\u4f0a\u58c1\u9e20\u9c81\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u7ecf\u9662\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff08\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u5784\u65ad\u5730\u4f4d\uff09\u505a\u4e86\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd8\u8ddf\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u5435\u8fc7\u67b6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e3a\u6cd5\u56fd\u626b\u6e05\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5b66\u8bde\u751f\u524d\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u969c\u788d\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u70b9\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03Gassendi\u3002\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e5d\u4ee3\u8bfa\u68ee\u4f2f\u5170\u4f2f\u7235\uff08Earl of Northumberland\uff09\u3001\u201c\u7cbe\u7075\u4f2f\u7235\u201d\uff08The Wizard Earl\uff09Henry Percy\uff081585-1632\uff09\u5c31\u517b\u4e86\u4e00\u5806\u4e1a\u4f59\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\u8005\uff0c\u8fd9\u5806\u4eba\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u8bfa\u68ee\u4f2f\u5170\u5708\u201d\uff08Northumberland Circle\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u57f9\u6839\uff08Francis Bacon\uff0c1561-1626\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u540c\u610f\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\u8005\u8fd8\u6709\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u970d\u5e03\u65af\uff08Thomas Hobbes\uff0c1588-1697\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u6709\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\u8005\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd8\u6709\u88ab\u70e7\u6b7b\u7684\u5e03\u9c81\u8bfa\uff08Giordano Bruno\uff0c1548-1600\uff09\u662f\u610f\u5927\u5229\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u90fd\u6bd4Gassendi\u65e9\u5f97\u591a\u3002 \u539f\u5b50\u8bba\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\uff0c\u4fe1\u4e0d\u4fe1\u5949\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\uff0c\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5b66\u4e43\u81f3\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u51c6\u5907\u662f\u6e90\u81ea\u4ee5\u57f9\u6839\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u80a1\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\u5174\u8d77\u7684\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u7136\u800c\u57f9\u6839\u6ca1\u6709\u62ff\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u53bb\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u662f\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u65b0\u5de5\u5177\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53cd\u9a73\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u7684\u300a\u5de5\u5177\u7bc7\u300b\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u5f52\u7eb3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u662f\u4f3d\u4fd0\u7565\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u5c31\u63d0\u5021\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u51a5\u60f3\u6765\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u7528\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\u6765\u793a\u8303\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u201d\uff08\u89c1John 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W. H. Kolbe\uff09\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u8bae\u201d\u3002\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u65cb\u5149\u6027\u662f\u5df4\u65af\u5fb7\uff08L. Pasteur\uff09\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u662f\u8303\u7279\u970d\u592b\uff08J. H. Van't Hoff\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8303\u7279\u970d\u592b\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u673a\u7269\u4e2d\u56db\u4ef7\u78b3\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u952e\u5c31\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5448\u5e73\u9762\u5341\u5b57\u72b6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u8003\u8651\u65cb\u5149\u6027\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7ed3\u6784\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5217\u7ec4\u5408\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u73b0\u5b9e\u5f02\u6784\u7269\u7684\u6570\u76ee\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8303\u7279\u970d\u592b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u56db\u4ef7\u78b3\u7684\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u56db\u4e2a\u952e\u4e4b\u95f4\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u91cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7b49\u6027\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u6709\u673a\u7269\u5149\u5b66\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u8303\u7279\u970d\u592b\u7684\u65b0\u7406\u8bba\u6fc0\u6012\u4e86\u6709\u673a\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5f00\u5c71\u4eba\u79d1\u5c14\u8d1d\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u66fe\u6076\u6bd2\u5730\u52a0\u4ee5\u8fb1\u9a82\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u662f\u5c11\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u79d1\u5c14\u8d1d\u5728\u665a\u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u813e\u6c14\u5f88\u5dee\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u5728\u671f\u520a\u4e2d\u6307\u8d23\u5176\u4ed6\u5e74\u8f7b\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u88ab\u4ed6\u6570\u843d\u8fc7\u7684\u9664\u4e86\u8303\u7279\u970d\u592b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u63d0\u51fa\u82ef\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u7684Kekule\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6539\u9769\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u7684\u62dc\u5c14\uff08Bayer\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9Bayer\u7684\u6570\u843d\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5f97\u5230\uff08Journal f\u00fcr Praktische Chemie 1882, 26, 308-323. DOI: 10.1002\/prac.18820260121\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u520a\u7269\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6807\u9898\u662fBegr\u00fcndung meiner Urtheile \u00fcber Ad. Baeyer's wissenschaftliche Qualification\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u5927\u6982\u662f\u201c\u6211\u5bf9\u62dc\u5c14\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u201d\uff0cWikipedia.org\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u6587\u4e2d\u8282\u9009\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u82f1\u6587\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a...Baeyer is an excellent experimentor, but he is only an empiricist, lacking sense and capability, and his interpretations of his experiments show particular deficiency in his\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/featured"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=301"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2526,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301\/revisions\/2526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}