{"id":228,"date":"2009-04-01T02:30:24","date_gmt":"2009-03-31T18:30:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xiangge.andrewsun.net\/?p=228"},"modified":"2009-04-01T02:30:24","modified_gmt":"2009-03-31T18:30:24","slug":"j-phys-condens-matter%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84%e5%87%a0%e7%af%87%e7%ba%aa%e5%bf%b5%e6%96%87%e7%ab%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/228","title":{"rendered":"J. Phys., Condens. Matter\u4e0a\u7684\u51e0\u7bc7\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6587\u7ae0"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u4eca\u5929\u6d4f\u89c8\u6211\u7684rss\u6807\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53d1\u73b0J. Phys., Condens. Matter\u53d1\u4e86\u4e09\u7bc7\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u7bc7\u662f\u56de\u987e\u4f4e\u6e29\u5b66\uff08cryogenics\uff09\u7684\uff08J. Phys.: Condens. Matter<\/i> 2009<\/b>, 21<\/i>, 164221<\/a>\uff0cibid.<\/i> 2009<\/b>, 21<\/i>, 164219<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u662f\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u7684\uff08J. Phys.: Condens. Matter<\/i> 2009<\/b>, 21<\/i>, 164223<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u770b\u7684essay\u3002<\/p>\n\n<\/div> ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4eca\u5929\u6d4f\u89c8\u6211\u7684rss\u6807\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53d1\u73b0J. Phys., Condens. Matter\u53d1\u4e86\u4e09\u7bc7\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u7bc7\u662f\u56de\u987e\u4f4e\u6e29\u5b66\uff08cryogenics\uff09\u7684\uff08J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 2009, 21, 164221\uff0cibid. 2009, 21, 164219\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u662f\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u7684\uff08J. Phys.: Condens. 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Phys. Chem. B\u7eaa\u5ff5de Gennes","author":"Andrew","date":"2009\u5e743\u670823\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"J. Phys. Chem. B\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u671fde Gennes\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4e13\u520a\u3002\u738b\u9e3f\u98de\u5728\u535a\u5ba2\u91cc\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8f6c\u800c\u8054\u7cfb\u5230\u4e86\u975e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u3002de Gennes\u7684\u53bb\u4e16\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5927\u4e8b\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5c11\u3002\u6211\u524d\u5e74\u5728Nature Network\u4e0a\u9762\u7eaa\u5ff5\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4e00\u56de\uff0c\u4ee5\u6211\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f6f\u7269\u8d28\u73b0\u8c61\u548c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u5927\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u7684\u4f20\u8bb0\u548c\u4e8b\u8ff9\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u4f1a\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u9886\u57df\u7684\u671f\u520a\u7684\u8ba3\u544a\u548c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4e13\u520a\u4e0a\u627e\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21J. Phys. Chem. B\u4e0a\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7de Gennes\u7684\u4f20\u8bb0\uff0c\u5199\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e73\u5b9e\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u633a\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff1aHe started studying disordered systems--polymers, colloids, surfactants, micromulsions--that were not considered noble enough by physicists and thus were left to chemists and physical chemists to research.\u6211\u8054\u60f3\u5230\u5728\u79d1\u82d1\u661f\u7a7aBBS\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7248\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u540c\u5b66\u770b\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u662f\u5e26\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u7c92\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u7684\u949f\u7231\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u9119\u89c6\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u662f\u7528\u6765\u70ab\u8000\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684pure mind\u548cIQ\u7684\uff0c\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7269\u7406\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u592adirty\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u89c9\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u5f0f\u7684\u80a4\u6d45\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8da3\u5473\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u3002\u50cfde Gennes\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u725b\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u201c\u725b\u201d\u5728\u4f60\u6446\u8131\u4e0d\u4e86\u4ed6\u3002\u4ece\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u6446\u8131\u4e0d\u4e86Flory\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u5747\u573a\u5c31\u51e0\u4e4e\u628a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u5360\u4e86\u4e2a\u904d\u3002\u800c\u5230\u4e8660\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53d1\u73b0de Gennes\u4e5f\u6709\u70b9\u6446\u8131\u4e0d\u4e86\u4e86\u3002\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6d53\u7a20\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u7f20\u7ed3\u73b0\u8c61\u81ea\u7136\u6446\u8131\u4e0d\u4e86\u4ed6\uff0c\u76f8\u53d8\u79bb\u4e0d\u4e86\u4ed6\uff0c\u6db2\u6676\u79bb\u4e0d\u4e86\u4ed6\uff0ccolloid\u79bb\u4e0d\u4e86\u4ed6\uff0c\u8fdewetting\u4e5f\u79bb\u4e0d\u4e86\u4ed6\u3002\u4f60\u5728\u67e5\u6587\u732e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u554a\u56de\u6eaf\uff0c\u603b\u56de\u53d1\u73b0\u8981\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5\u201c\u600e\u4e48\u53c8\u662fde Gennes\u201d\u3002\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4e13\u520a\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u53d1\u8868\u8be5\u4eba\u7269\u6d89\u8db3\u8fc7\u7684\u5404\u76f8\u5173\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6700\u65b0research paper\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aissue\u7684\u7bc7\u5e45\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u51fa\u6765\u7684paper\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u8be5\u671f\u520a\u7684Editor\u7684\u53d6\u820d\uff0c\u5373\u4ed6\u5bf9\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u6700\u65b0\u52a8\u6001\u201d\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u559c\u60a6\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4ee5\u53caLAOS\u65b9\u6cd5\u6070\u597d\u5728\u8fd9\u671f\u91cc\u5360\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7paper\uff08J. 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Matter.\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709LED\u53ea\u6709polymer\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u60f3\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u4e5f\u5bf9\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u6c42JACS\u4e0a\u6709polymer\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u6211\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0d\u5bf9\u4e00\u6837\u4e1c\u897f\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u8bf4\u767d\u4e86\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u61c2\u90a3\u6837\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u61c2\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u6211\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u5bf9LED\u4ec0\u4e48HOMO-LUMO\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u61c2\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u5bf9JACS\u90a3\u79cd\u6458\u8981\u56fe\u5c31\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u61c2Biosensor\uff0c\u61c2\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u548c\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\uff0c\u6211\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b64\u5168\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6211\u8fdeATRP\u3001RAFT\u90fd\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u6211\u4eec\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u505a\u8fd9\u4e00\u5757\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u5bf9Polymer\u548cJ. Polym. Sci., Part A\u4e0a\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u8bb2\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e5f\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u6211\u5bf9\u7c92\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u81ea\u8ba4\u5df2\u53d7\u8fc7\u826f\u597d\u7684\u79d1\u666e\uff1b\u6211\u4e5f\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u672c\u79d1\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u7269\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4e00\u5ea6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6211\u8981\u6295\u8eab\u4e8e\u5316\u5b66\u3002\u8fdb\u5165\u6750\u6599\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u53c8\u53ea\u80fd\u6539\u6539\u2014\u2014\u6295\u8eab\u4e8e\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7269\u7406\u3002\u53d1\u73b0\u6211\u4e00\u70b9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c2\u65e0\u673a\u6750\u6599\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u53c8\u518d\u6539\u6210\u2014\u2014\u6295\u8eab\u8f6f\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7269\u7406\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u6211\u6570\u5b66\u5f88\u5dee\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u6211\u4e0d\u61c2\u7269\u7406\u2026\u2026\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f18\u79c0\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u80e1\u601d\u4e71\u60f3\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u5982\u6211\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u88c5\u903c\u4e00\u70b9\u513f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u5982\u6211\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8ddf\u4ed6\u4eec\u6bd4\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u9178\u9178\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u5728\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u7ec4\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u505a\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u505afuel\/solar cell\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u505aATRP\u548cblock copolymer\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u4e3b\u6d41\u5f97\u8981\u6b7b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u54f2\u5b66\u3002\u6211\u4e5f\u5f88\u7fa1\u6155\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e00\u738b\u9e3f\u98de\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5f88pure\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u6570\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u8981\u6c42\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u54f2\u5b66\u4e00\u70b9\u513f\uff0c\u6570\u5b66\u53c8\u5dee\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6ce8\u5b9a\u6ca1\u620f\u3002","rel":"","context":"In "\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0"","block_context":{"text":"\u4ee5tag\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/tagged"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2406,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/2406","url_meta":{"origin":228,"position":2},"title":"\u5723\u6bcd\u739b\u4e3d\u4e9a\u7684Smoluchowski","author":"Andrew","date":"2011\u5e743\u670812\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"\u5723\u6bcd\u739b\u4e3d\u4e9a\u7684Smoluchowski \u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u5b66\u4e60Smoluchowski\u7684coagulation\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4e0aGoogle\u641c\u7d22\u201cSmoluchowski\u7406\u8bba\u201d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6807\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u5723\u6bcd\u739b\u4e3d\u4e9a\u7684Smoluchowski\u201d\u3002\u539f\u6765\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f04\u7684\uff0c\u628aSmoluchowski\u7684first name\u7ed9\u8bd1\u8fc7\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u6309\u7406\u4e5f\u6ca1\u9519\u3002\u8bf4\u4e0d\u5b9aSmoluchowski\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u7ed9\u8fd9\u5b69\u5b50\u9009\u62e9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u5c31\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u80fd\u50cf\u5723\u6bcd\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u90a3\u6837blessed\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u6d4bpotential barrier\u6211\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u770bSmoluchowski\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u5149\u6563\u5c04\uff08DLS\uff09\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u7c92\u5b50\u95f4\u7684pair potential\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6240\u8c13primary maximum\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4potential barrier\uff08Umax\uff09\u3002DLS\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6d4b\u5e73\u5747\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6837\u54c1\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u751faggrigation\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e73\u5747\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u5c31\u4f1a\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6d4b\u51fa\u3002Pusey\u7b49\uff08J. Chem. Phys. 1982, 77, 4270\uff09\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0b\u6807p\u662f\u6307\u7b2cp\u79cd\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3002N\u662f\u4e2a\u6570\uff0cf\u662f\u6563\u5c04\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u672c\u6765\u662f\u5355\u5206\u6563\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u805a\u96c6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u4e8c\u805a\u4f53\u3001\u4e09\u805a\u4f53\u5230p\u805a\u4f53\u7b49\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u5355\u5143\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5206\u6563\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u9002\u7528Pusey\u7684\u5f0f\u5b50\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5404p\u805a\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u90fd\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u6574\u4e2a\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64Pusey\u7684\u90a3\u6761\u5f0f\u5b50\u5c31\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a\u65f6\u95f4\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\uff1aVersmold & H\u00e4rtl\uff08J. Chem. Phys. 1983, 79, 4006\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u5047\u8bbe\u5404p\u805a\u4f53\u90fd\u662f\u7403\u4f53\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u90a3\u4e2a\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u4e0e\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5f0f\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5404\u4e2ap\u805a\u4f53\u4e0a\uff1b\u53e6\u6839\u636e\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u6563\u5c04\u5f3a\u5ea6f\u8ddf\u7c92\u5b50\u4f53\u79ef\uff08\u534a\u5f84\u7684\u7acb\u65b9\uff09\u6709\u5173\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u628aPusey\u7684\u5f0f\u5b50\u4e2dfp\u548cD0,p\u76f4\u63a5\u7528ap\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e86\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\uff1aSmoluchowski\u65b9\u7a0bNp(t\/t1\/2)=...\u7684\u7528\u5904\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7b97\u4e0a\u5f0f\u90a3\u4e24\u4e2ap\u7684\u77e9\u3002\u636eVersmold & H\u00e4rtl\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u6240\u5f15\u8ff0\uff0cp\u7684\u5747\u65b9\u503c\uff086\/3\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\u6709\u4eba\u7ed9\u51fa\u89e3\u6790\u89e3\u4e86\u3002\u53ef\u8fd95\/3\u9636\u77e9\u53ef\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff1fVersmold & H\u00e4rtl\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u65f6\u95f4t\/t1\/2\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff08\u5373aggregation\u521a\u53d1\u751f\u6ca1\u591a\u4e45\uff09\u628aSmoluchowski\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ed9\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u53d6\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bddp\u7684n\/3\u9636\u77e9\u968ft\/t1\/2\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5c31\u90fd\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u805a\u96c6\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u521d\u671f\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u57df\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7ed9\u51fa\u6570\u503c\u89e3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Smoluchowski\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7c92\u5b50\u4f53\u7cfb\u5728\u805a\u96c6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4f9d\u901f\u5173\u7cfbD(t)\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u90a3\u4e2at1\/2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u62ff\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53bb\u62df\u5408\u5b9e\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2at1\/2\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2at1\/2\u8ddf\u805a\u96c6\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u901f\u7387\u5e38\u6570k\u76f4\u63a5\u6709\u5173\uff1ak=1\/(t1\/2N0)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dN0\u662f\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08\u4e2a\u6570\u6bd4\u4f53\u79ef\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u51fak\u3002k\u53c8\u8ddf\u7c92\u5b50\u95f4\u7684pair potential\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\u5462\uff1f\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u901f\u7387\u5e38\u6570\u662f\u805a\u96c6\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u7387\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50\u78b0\u649e\u540e\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5f53\u7136\u8981\u514b\u670d\u6389\u4e24\u8005\u95f4\u7684potential barrier\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7c92\u5b50\u95f4\u7684potential barrier\u5c31\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u78b0\u649e\u5360\u603b\u78b0\u649e\u6570\u4e4b\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u603b\u78b0\u649e\u6570\u65e0\u975e\u5c31\u662f\u5e03\u6717\u8fd0\u52a8\u51b3\u5b9a\uff08\u7c98\u5ea6\u3001\u5c3a\u5bf8\u90fd\u5b9a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u5b9a\u7684\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u2014\u2014\u79f0\u4e3astability ratio\uff0cW\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u8ddfpotential barrier\u76f4\u63a5\u6709\u5173\u4e86\uff1a\u636e\u4f20\u4e0a\u5f0f\u662fN. Fuch\u7ed9\u7684\uff0c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u201c\u636e\u4f20\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u8fc7N. Fuch\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff08\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5fb7\u8bed\u7684\uff0c\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u77e5\u9053\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4e00\u63d0\u5230stability ratio\uff0c\u5c31\u5f15N. Fuch\u8fd9\u7bc7\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u79ef\u5206\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684U(r)\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e94\u82b1\u516b\u95e8\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48van der Waals\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u9759\u7535\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u4f4d\u963b\u4f5c\u7528\u7b49\u7b49\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u5927\u5806\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0bW\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u662f\u627e\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5f0f\u51d1\u5408\u7528\u7684\u3002Prieve and Ruckenstein\uff08J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 1980, 73, 539\uff09\u4e3a\u7403\u5f62\u7c92\u5b50\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0cW\u5c31\u8ddfpotential barrier\u6709\u5173\u4e86\u3002Smoluchowski\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u5f88\u591a\u6587\u7ae0\u4e00\u8bb2\u5230Smoluchowski\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u4ed6\u57281916\u548c1917\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e24\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5f15\u7528\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff1aZ. Phys. 1916, 17, 557; ibid. 1916, 17,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6"","block_context":{"text":"\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u96c6","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/category\/featured"},"img":{"alt_text":"M. Smoluchowski","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/Smoluchowski_2-300x278.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":6042,"url":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/6042","url_meta":{"origin":228,"position":3},"title":"\u80f6\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u6587\u732e\u5b66\u4e60\u5efa\u8bae","author":"Andrew","date":"2014\u5e747\u670831\u65e5","format":"aside","excerpt":"\u6211\u60f3\u6211\u4e5f\u8981\u505a\u4e9b\u529f\u8bfe\uff0c\u5e2e\u5e08\u5f1f\u5217\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u81f4\u7684reading list\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u7ba1\u6253\u51fb\u4ed6\u3002 \u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u7ed9\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7efc\u8ff0\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u732e\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5305\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u597d\u50cf\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4e66\u3002\u4f46\u4e5f\u8bb8\u592a\u8fc7\u5bbd\u6cdb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u53ea\u770b\u51e0\u5341\u7bc7\uff08\u6216\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\uff09\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6240\u6536\u83b7\uff0c\u90a3\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u518d\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e00\u70b9\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u7efc\u8ff0\u9605\u8bfb\u5efa\u8bae \u6211\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\uff0c\u5148\u4ece\u7efc\u8ff0\u770b\u8d77\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u770b\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6bcf\u7ae0\u6bcf\u8282\u4e0b\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u7efc\u8ff0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fdb\u53ef\u9000\u7684\u4f4d\u8f69\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u770b\u7efc\u8ff0\u53d1\u73b0\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u963b\u788d\u7740\u4f60\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u90a3\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u56de\u8fc7\u53bb\u770b\u4e66\uff08\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u770b\u4e66\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u539a\u539a\u7684\u5341\u51e0\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f88\u5f77\u5fa8\uff09\uff0c\u770b\u8fc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u770bpaper\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6bcf\u4e00\u7bc7paper\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e2d\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u54ea\u4e00\u7ae0\u54ea\u4e00\u8282\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u8fc5\u901f\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u6574\u5ea7\u5927\u53a6\u4e2d\u589e\u6dfb\u4e86\u54ea\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u627e\u4e00\u4e9b\u7efc\u8ff0\u6765\u770b\u3002 Zaccarelli\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0cJ. Phys.: Condens. Matter 19:323101\u3002\u638c\u63e1ch.1\uff0c2.1~2.5\uff0c3\uff0c4.1~4.2\uff0c\u4e86\u89e32.6\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u626b\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31OK\u4e86\u3002Cipelletti\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0cJ. Phys.: Condens. Matter 17:R253\u3002\u638c\u63e1ch.1\uff0c2\uff0c3.1~3.2\uff0c4\uff0c5\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u626b\u4e00\u4e0b\u5373\u53ef\u3002Weeks\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0cRep. Prog. Phys. 75:066501\uff0c\u5168\u770b\u3002 \u6211\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e09\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u591a\u8bf4\u51e0\u53e5\u3002Zaccarelli\u662f\u505a\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u3002\u505a\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u4eba\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u641e\u76f8\u56fe\u3002\u6240\u4ee5Zaccarelli\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u91cd\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u80f6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u56fe\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u8fde\u7eedN\u4e2afigure\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u56fe\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ec6\u8282\u4e0a\u7684\u533a\u522b\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7684\u7bc7\u5e45\u7279\u522b\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u4eba\u8f7b\u6613\u80fd\u591f\u89e6\u53ca\u7684\uff1b\u8fd9\u662f\u505a\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u957f\u5904\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5efa\u7acb\u5341\u5206well-defined\u7684\u6837\u54c1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e5f\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u5f97\u5f88\u591a\u5fae\u89c2\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u80f6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\u76f8\u56fe\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5171\u6027\uff1a\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u54ea\u51e0\u6761\u754c\u7ebf\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u753b\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u754c\u7ebf\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u7efc\u8ff0\u6240\u5217\u4e3e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u9759\u6001\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u9759\u6001\u7ed3\u6784\u5c31\u662f\u5c0f\u89d2\u6563\u5c04\u5f97\u5230\u7684S(q)\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u5c31\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u5149\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u81ea\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8ba4\u719f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f2\u7ebf\u90fd\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5f97\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u53e6\u5916\u770b\u5173\u4e8e\u7535\u78c1\u6ce2\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002 Cipelletti\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u662f\u5185\u5bb9\u6700\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\uff0c\u8fdedynamic heterogeneity\u90fd\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u5e74\u4efd\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u70b9\u65e7\u4e86\u3002\u5149\u662f\u770b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u82b1\u8d39\u4f60\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u5984\u56fe\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u80fd\u628a\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u4ece\u5934\u5230\u5c3e\u770b\u5b8c\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u51e0\u4e2a\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a Attractive glass\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u7efc\u8ff0\u7b2c2\u7ae0\u5c31\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u65b0\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u6ee5\u7528attractive glass\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u6700\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u770bpaper\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7cca\u6d82\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u53ea\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u7ae0\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5bf9attractive glass\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u65b0\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3attractive glass\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u81ea\u884c\u518d\u627e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u732e\u3002aging\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\uff0c\u5206\u4e86\u4e09\u8282\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e09\u8282\u662fCipelletti\u7684\u79c1\u8d27\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53bb\u770b\uff0c\u4f463.1\u548c3.2\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u770b\u3002\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd9\u53c8tm\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u5757\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7b2c4\u7ae0\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f4.1\u30024.2\u9700\u8981\u6709fluctuation-dissipation theorem\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u662f\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7269\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5165\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u6682\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53bb\u770b\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0caging\u548c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u975e\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u201d\uff08out of\u6216\u8005far from equilibrium\uff09\u3002\u53ea\u662faging\u662f\u901a\u8fc7quench\u6765\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u5219\u662fdriven\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5e38\u78b0\u5230\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5c31\u8fd9\u91cc\u7279\u610f\u6482\u4e00\u4e0b\u82f1\u8bed\u3002\u6700\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u8ddf\u4f60\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\u5f88\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u5757\u3002 \u603b\u4e4b\uff0cCipelletti\u7684\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u628a\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u5927\u5757\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u91cc\u4e86\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a2005\u5e74\u5199\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u770b\u6765\u5b83\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u8fdc\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u51e0\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u786e\u90fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u80f6\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u4e2d\u6700\u70ed\u95e8\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 \u81f3\u4e8eWeeks\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u4e09\u7bc7\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6700\u65b0\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u662f\u6700\u79d1\u666e\u3002\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u901a\u8bfb\u8fd9\u7bc7\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u3002Weeks\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bfb\u901a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u8bfb\u5176\u4ed6\u4e24\u7bc7\u3002 \u5c31\u8fd9\u4e09\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u5df2\u7ecfok\u4e86\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7269\u7406\u9886\u57df\u7684\uff08\u6a21\u62df\u4e5f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u63a5\u5730\u6c14\u7684\u4e86\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e9b\u9605\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7efc\u8ff0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 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J. polym. sci., C Polym. symp., 1: 137-141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/polc.5070010109 \u5728\u6c42\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u65e0\u6270\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u4e00\u65f6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ebBurchard--Stockmayer--Fixman\u4f5c\u56fe\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8054\u540d\u4e3b\u8981\u5f15\u81ea\u4e24\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff1aBurchard\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3001Stockmayer\u548cFixman\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u4e0a\u56fe\u662fStockmayer\u548cFixman\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u9e23\u8c22\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u611f\u8c22\u5b8c\u56fd\u5bb6\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u57fa\u91d1\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u518d\u8868\u793a\u516c\u5f0f(10)\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u5bb6\u5fb7\u56fd\u9152\u5427\uff08a Rathskeller\uff09\u91cc\u63a8\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5462\uff1f \u6587\u732e20\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e3b\u9898\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u9e23\u8c22\u7684\u8fd9\u6bb5\u9996\u51fa\u4e86\u7384\u673a\uff1a J. Phys. 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