{"id":1847,"date":"2008-08-12T04:43:35","date_gmt":"2008-08-11T20:43:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/walking.72pines.com\/archives\/296"},"modified":"2011-03-20T14:31:41","modified_gmt":"2011-03-20T06:31:41","slug":"296","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewsun.net\/panta_rhei\/archives\/1847","title":{"rendered":"\u5c3c\u9f99\u5438\u6c34\u554a\u5438\u6c34\uff0c\u55ef\u55ef"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u8102\u80aa\u65cf\u805a\u9170\u80fa\u7531\u4e8e\u542b\u6709\u80fa\u57fa\u548c\u7fb0\u57fa\uff0c\u6613\u4e0e\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u5f62\u6210\u6c22\u952e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5bb9\u6613\u5438\u6c34\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u589e\u5851\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6750\u6599\u4f53\u79ef\u81a8\u80c0\u3001\u6a21\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5728\u5e94\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u660e\u663e\u8815\u53d8\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u805a\u5df1\u5185\u9170\u80fa\u548c\u805a\u5df1\u4e8c\u9178\u5df1\u4e8c\u80fa\uff08\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6<\/span>\u548c\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>66<\/span>\uff09\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u805a\u9170\u80fa\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6700\u9ad8\u80fd\u4ece\u6f6e\u6e7f\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u5438\u6536\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570<\/span>10%<\/span>\u7684\u6c34\u5206\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u6e7f\u5ea6\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4e5f\u80fd\u5438\u6536\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570<\/span>2%<\/span>\u5230<\/span>4%<\/span>\u7684\u6c34\u5206\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5404\u79cd\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u53d8\u5dee\u3002\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6<\/span>\u548c\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>66<\/span>\u4e24\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u5728\u672c\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u533a\u522b\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u7edf\u79f0\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u3002\u672c\u6587\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5438\u6c34\u673a\u7406\u548c\u6539\u5584\u5176\u5438\u6e7f\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u6c34\u5206\u5bf9\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66\u5404\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.1. \u7ed3\u6676\u5ea6\u548c\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.2. \u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u8fd0\u52a8<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.3. \u5c3a\u5bf8\u53d8\u5316<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.4. \u70ed\u5b9a\u578b\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66\u5438\u6c34\u7684\u673a\u7406<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u89e3\u51b3\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66\u5438\u6c34\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.1. \u5171\u6df7\u548c\u590d\u5408<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.2. \u4ea4\u8054<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.3. \u8868\u9762\u6539\u6027<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5. \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1. <\/span><\/a>\u6c34\u5206\u5bf9\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5404\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><\/h1>\n

\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5438\u6c34\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u591a\u79cd\u6027\u8d28\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8bb8\u591a\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u548c\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>1.1. <\/span>\u7ed3\u6676\u5ea6\u548c\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u5bf9\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u90fd\u662f\u534a\u7ed3\u6676\u6027\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u6210\u578b\u540e\u90fd\u542b\u6709\u6676\u533a\u548c\u975e\u6676\u533a\u3002\u5728\u6676\u533a\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u5448\u5e73\u9762\u952f\u9f7f\u6784\u8c61\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9170\u80fa\u952e\u5728\u94fe\u4e0e\u94fe\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u6c22\u952e<\/span>1<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u5728\u975e\u6676\u533a\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u6784\u8c61\u5448\u65e0\u89c4\u72b6\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9170\u80fa\u952e\u672a\u76f8\u4e92\u5f62\u6210\u6c22\u952e\uff0c\u5448\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6392\u9664\u5c11\u6570\u533a\u57df\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u6c22\u952e\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u5c3c\u9f99\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7ed3\u6676\u5ea6\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4f30\u7b97<\/span>2<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6bd4\u6c34\u5927\u3002\u5438\u6c34\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5747\u53cd\u800c\u4e0a\u5347<\/span>3<\/sup><\/span>\uff0c\u7ed3\u6676\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4e0a\u5347<\/span>4, 5<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u62c9\u4f38\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u6750\u6599\u5e38\u542b\u6709\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\u03b3-<\/span>\u6676\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5438\u6c34\u540e\u5c3c\u9f99\u6750\u6599\u7684<\/span>\u03b3-<\/span>\u6676\u6bd4\u4f8b\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684<\/span>\u03b1-<\/span>\u6676\u6bd4\u4f8b\u589e\u5927<\/span>6-8<\/sup><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>1.2. <\/span>\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u8fd0\u52a8<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u5c3c\u9f99\u5438\u6c34\u4e4b\u540e\u5728\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u660e\u663e\u7684\u3002\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u786c\u5ea6\u3001\u6a21\u91cf\u548c\u62c9\u4f38\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u5c48\u670d\u70b9\u964d\u4f4e\u3001\u51b2\u51fb\u5f3a\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0<\/span>4, 5, 9-11<\/sup><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u8fd0\u52a8\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u529b\u5b66\u677e\u5f1b\u548c\u4ecb\u7535\u635f\u8017\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u73bb\u7483\u5316\u8f6c\u53d8\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em>\uff09\u5bf9\u6c34\u5206\u6bd4\u8f83\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u5438\u6c34\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em>\u5927\u5e45\u4e0b\u964d<\/span>12-18<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6<\/span>\u6c34\u542b\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span>0.35%w\/w<\/span>\u65f6<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em> =94<\/span>\u00b0<\/span>C<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>10.33%w\/w<\/span>\u65f6<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em>=-6\u00b0C<\/span>19<\/sup><\/span>\uff1b\u5e72\u71e5\u7684\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>66 Tg<\/sub><\/em>=78\u00b0C<\/span>\uff0c\u5f53\u542b\u6c34\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span>11%w\/w<\/span>\u65f6<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em>=40\u00b0C<\/span>15<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em>\u968f\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5177\u6709\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u3002\u8d77\u59cb\u4e0b\u964d\u8fc5\u901f\uff1b\u5f53\u5438\u6c34\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u5b9a\u503c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u964d\u7f13\u6162<\/span>19-21<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u7efc\u5408\u5404\u6587\u732e\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u8be5\u4e34\u754c\u503c\u7ea6\u5728<\/span>2%~4%<\/span>\u3002\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u8fd8\u5728\u8f83\u4f4e\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u8868\u73b0<\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/em>\u548c<\/span>\u03b3<\/span><\/em>\u8f6c\u53d8<\/span>22<\/sup><\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d<\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/em>\u8f6c\u53d8\u53ea\u5728\u6f6e\u6e7f\u7684\u6837\u54c1\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230<\/span>14, 22-24<\/sup><\/span>\uff0c\u4e14\u5176\u5f3a\u5ea6\u968f\u7740\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u589e\u52a0<\/span>16, 17, 25<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c<\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/em>\u8f6c\u53d8\u5cf0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u4f34\u968f\u7740<\/span>\u03b3<\/span><\/em>\u8f6c\u53d8\u5cf0\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5e76\u5448\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em>\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u6027<\/span>26-28<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u73b0\u8c61\u5747\u8868\u660e\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5851\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5f53\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6e29\u5ea6\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e34\u754c\u6e29\u5ea6\u540e\uff0c\u6c34\u5206\u5728\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4ea4\u8054\u786c\u5316<\/span>12, 29-32<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e34\u754c\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u503c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u62a5\u9053\u4e2d\u76f8\u5dee\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u529b\u5b66\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9891\u7387\u3001\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u53d6\u5411\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7b49\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6709\u5173<\/span>31<\/sup><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c3c\u9f99\u5728\u957f\u671f\u53d7\u5230\u5c0f\u4e8e\u5c48\u670d\u70b9\u7684\u5e94\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u786c\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6548\u679c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5e94\u529b\u8001\u5316\u201d\uff08<\/span>stress aging<\/span>\uff09<\/span>33, 34<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u5728\u5438\u6c34\u540e\uff0c\u5e94\u529b\u8001\u5316\u7684\u901f\u7387\u52a0\u5feb<\/span>35, 36<\/sup><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>1.3. <\/span>\u5c3a\u5bf8\u53d8\u5316<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5438\u6c34\u540e\u4f53\u79ef\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u81a8\u80c0\u3002\u81a8\u80c0\u65f6\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u5c3a\u5bf8\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6<\/span>\u7ea4\u7ef4\u968f\u7740\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\u81a8\u80c0\u5148\u5feb\u540e\u6162<\/span>37<\/sup><\/span>\uff1b\u800c\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6<\/span>\u8584\u819c\u5219\u76f8\u53cd<\/span>38, 39<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u62c9\u4f38\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u6837\u54c1\uff0c\u81a8\u80c0\u5177\u6709\u5404\u5411\u5f02\u6027\u3002\u5728\u62c9\u4f38\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u81a8\u80c0\u8f83\u660e\u663e<\/span>21, 30, 37<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5728\u62c9\u4f38\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u95f4\u6c22\u952e\u53d6\u5411\u6cbf\u62c9\u4f38\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u9760\u62e2<\/span>21, 40, 41<\/sup><\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5438\u6c34\u81a8\u80c0\u5728\u6cbf\u5206\u5b50\u95f4\u6c22\u952e\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u6bd4\u8f83\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>1.4. <\/span>\u70ed\u5b9a\u578b\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u7ea4\u7ef4\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u6709\u6e7f\u70ed\u5b9a\u578b\u548c\u5e72\u70ed\u5b9a\u578b\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u7ed3\u6676\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e72\u70ed\u5b9a\u578b\u6837\u54c1\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u6bd4\u6e7f\u70ed\u5b9a\u578b\u7684\u5c11<\/span>42<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u6e7f\u70ed\u5b9a\u578b\u7684\u6837\u54c1\u67d3\u8272\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u597d<\/span>9<\/sup><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>2. <\/span>\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5438\u6c34\u7684\u673a\u7406<\/span><\/h1>\n

\"\u5c3c\u9f99\u5438\u6c34\u673a\u7406\"<\/a>\u603b\u7ed3\u4ee5\u5f80\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u53ea\u8fdb\u5165\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u7684\u975e\u6676\u533a\u57df<\/span>8, 10, 43, 44<\/sup><\/span>\uff0c\u5438\u6c34\u540e\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8d77\u5851\u5316\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/span>37, 45-47<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0a\u8282\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6676\u578b\u8f6c\u53d8\u3001<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em>\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u51fa\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u677e\u5f1b\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9488\u5bf9<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em>\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6027\u8d28\u968f\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5448\u73b0\u5206\u6bb5\u6027\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c<\/span>Puffr<\/span>\u548c<\/span>\u0160ebenda<\/span>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5206\u6b65\u5438\u6c34\u7684\u673a\u7406<\/span>48<\/sup><\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8be5\u673a\u7406\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u8fdb\u5165\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u65e0\u5b9a\u5f62\u533a\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u4ee5\u5de6\u56fe<\/span>1<\/span>\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u7ed3\u5408\uff08\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c<\/span>tightly bound<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u7ee7\u7eed\u589e\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u5982\u5de6\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684<\/span>2<\/span>\u6240\u793a\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u677e\u6563\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c<\/span>loosely bound<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u5c06\u5728\u5206\u5b50\u95f4\u9699\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6c22\u952e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5806\u79ef\uff08<\/span>clustering<\/span>\uff0c\u5982\u5de6\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684<\/span>3<\/span>\u6240\u793a\uff09\u3002\u4e0a\u8282\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u529b\u5b66\u677e\u5f1b<\/span>20, 23<\/sup><\/span>\u3001\u4ecb\u7535\u677e\u5f1b<\/span>26, 27, 45, 49, 50<\/sup><\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u529b\u8001\u5316<\/span>36<\/sup><\/span>\u7b49\u6027\u8d28\u968f\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5206\u6bb5\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u6b63\u662f<\/span>P-\u0160<\/span>\u5206\u6b65\u5438\u6c34\u673a\u7406\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u75b2\u52b3\u88c2\u7eb9\u751f\u957f<\/span>51<\/sup><\/span>\u548c\u65ad\u88c2\u80fd<\/span>52<\/sup><\/span>\u7b49\u6027\u8d28\u4e0a\u4e5f\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u968f\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5206\u6bb5\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<\/span>P-\u0160<\/span>\u673a\u7406\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bbd\u7ebf<\/span>NMR<\/span>\u5438\u6536\u8c31<\/span>47, 53<\/sup><\/span>\u548c\u5f1b\u8c6b\u65f6\u95f4<\/span>54<\/sup><\/span>\u4e5f\u53d1\u73b0\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5438\u6536\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u7ed3\u5408\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e24\u7c7b\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u6b63\u7535\u5b50\u6e6e\u706d\u5bff\u547d\u8c31\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u5c3c\u9f99\u81ea\u7531\u4f53\u79ef\u968f\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u5148\u4e0b\u964d\u540e\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4e5f\u6b63\u597d\u4e0e<\/span>P-\u0160<\/span>\u673a\u7406\u76f8\u543b\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u5c3c\u9f99\u5438\u6c34\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u63cf\u8ff0\u53ef\u7528<\/span>Flory-Huggins<\/span>\u65b9\u7a0b<\/span>39, 55, 56<\/sup><\/span>\u6216<\/span>Zimm<\/span>\u65b9\u7a0b<\/span>57-59<\/sup><\/span>\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\uff08<\/span>Zimm<\/span>\u65b9\u7a0b\u662f<\/span>Flory-Huggins<\/span>\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff09\u3002\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5747\u652f\u6301\u4e86<\/span>P-\u0160<\/span>\u4e24\u6b65\u5438\u6c34\u7684\u673a\u7406\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u5b50\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u673a\u7406<\/span>60<\/sup><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>3. <\/span>\u89e3\u51b3\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5438\u6c34\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/h1>\n

\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6c34\u5bf9\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5851\u5316\u6548\u679c\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5438\u6c34\u9636\u6bb5\u6700\u654f\u611f\u3002\u4ec5\u9760\u4fdd\u6301\u5e72\u71e5\u73af\u5883\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5438\u6c34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u4e24\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u964d\u4f4e\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u6c34\u5206\u5bf9\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u9ad8\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u80fd\u671f\u671b\u80fd\u62b5\u6d88\u5438\u6c34\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>3.1. <\/span>\u5171\u6df7\u548c\u590d\u5408<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u6dfb\u52a0\u915a\u919b\u6811\u8102\u548c\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u57fa\u82ef\u915a\u7b49\u542b\u915a\u6811\u916f\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u7684\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5176<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9<\/span>Tm<\/sub><\/span><\/em>\u5f71\u54cd\u8f83\u5c0f<\/span>61-64<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u915a\u7c7b\u7269\u8d28\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u7684\u65e0\u5b9a\u5f62\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u915a\u7c7b\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\uff1a\u6c34\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u7834\u574f\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u4e2d\u4e1a\u5df2\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6c22\u952e\u800c\u4e0e\u7fb0\u57fa\u6216\u80fa\u57fa\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u6c22\u952e\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4e0e\u8fd9\u7fb0\u57fa\u6216\u80fa\u57fa\u5f62\u6210\u6c22\u952e\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u6bd4\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u8981\u9ad8\u3002\u915a\u57fa\u4e0e\u7fb0\u57fa\u5f62\u6210\u6c22\u952e\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u6bd4\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u915a\u7c7b\u7269\u8d28\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u915a\u57fa\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u4e2d\u7684\u7fb0\u57fa\u548c\u80fa\u57fa\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u5176\u6240\u542b\u7684\u82ef\u73af\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4f4d\u963b\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8fdb\u5165<\/span>65<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7b49\u6e29\u5438\u9644\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/span>66<\/sup><\/span>\u3001<\/span>SAXS<\/span>67<\/sup><\/span>\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u6a21\u62df<\/span>68<\/sup><\/span>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6dfb\u52a0\u80fa\u57fa\u805a\u919a\uff08<\/span>Blox<\/span>\uff09<\/span>69<\/sup><\/span>\u3001\u78fa\u5316\u805a\u916f<\/span>70<\/sup><\/span>\u6216\u542b\u82b3\u805a\u9170\u80fa<\/span>71<\/sup><\/span>\u4e5f\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u7684\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u3002\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\uff08\u5982<\/span>PP<\/span>72, 73<\/sup><\/span>\u3001<\/span>PS<\/span>74<\/sup><\/span>\u3001<\/span>PC<\/span>75, 76<\/sup><\/span>\u3001<\/span>ABS<\/span>77<\/sup><\/span>\u7b49\uff09\u5171\u6df7\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u80fd\u51cf\u6162\u5438\u6c34\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u727a\u7272\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd<\/span>78<\/sup><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u65e0\u673a\u7eb3\u7c73\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u660e\u663e<\/span>79<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u7c98\u571f\u53ea\u80fd\u51cf\u6162\u5438\u6c34\u7684\u901f\u5ea6<\/span>80<\/sup><\/span>\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u5e73\u8861\u5438\u6c34\u91cf<\/span>81<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u805a\u9178\u80fa<\/span>\/<\/span>\u5c42\u72b6\u7845\u9178\u76d0\u7eb3\u7c73\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u9664\u5177\u6709\u6240\u671f\u671b\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u963b\u71c3\u6548\u679c\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u51cf\u6162\u5438\u6c34\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u5e73\u8861\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u805a\u9170\u80fa<\/span>\/<\/span>\u65e0\u673a\u7eb3\u7c73\u590d\u5408\u819c\u5bf9\u6c34\u84b8\u6c7d\u548c\u6c27\u6c14\u7684\u963b\u9694\u6027\u589e\u52a0\u5df2\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u518d\u4e00\u4e00\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5171\u6df7\u548c\u65e0\u673a\u7eb3\u7c73\u590d\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u53ea\u80fd\u51cf\u6162\u5438\u6c34\u901f\u5ea6\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u5584\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u56e0\u5438\u6c34\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u540e\u679c\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c3c\u9f99\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u5438\u6c34\u540e\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u548c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u53d8\u5316\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u50cf\u7eaf\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u90a3\u6837\u660e\u663e\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e0a\u6587\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5171\u6df7\u548c\u65e0\u673a\u7eb3\u7c73\u590d\u5408\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u5728\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u5747\u83b7\u5f97\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u5982<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em>\u3001\u6a21\u91cf\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u5438\u6c34\u4e4b\u540e\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u53c8\u56de\u843d\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u76f8\u4e92\u62b5\u6d88\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u805a\u9170\u80fa\u7684\u5171\u6df7\u6216\u65e0\u673a\u7eb3\u7c73\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\uff08\u975e\u5438\u6c34\u901f\u7387\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u6709\u62a5\u9053\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u4e0e\u5438\u6e7f\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e\u3001\u529b\u5b66\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>11<\/span>\u7c98\u5408\u6210\u5c42\u72b6\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>11<\/span>\u7684\u652f\u67b6\u6216\u9650\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5438\u6c34\u540e\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u5f3a\u5ea6<\/span>82<\/sup><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>3.2. <\/span>\u4ea4\u8054<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u4ea4\u8054\u540e\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\uff0c\u5373<\/span>Tg<\/sub><\/span><\/em>\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u521a\u6027\u548c\u8106\u6027\u589e\u5f3a<\/span>83, 84<\/sup><\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4ea4\u8054\u540e\u7684\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u6216\u6c34\u5206\u5bf9\u6750\u6599\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u53ea\u67e5\u5230\u4e00\u7bc7\u62a5\u9053\u79f0\u5176\u4ea4\u8054\u540e\u7684\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6<\/span>\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u6709\u6240\u51cf\u5c11<\/span>85<\/sup><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>3.3. <\/span>\u8868\u9762\u6539\u6027<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8868\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u758f\u6c34\u5316\u6539\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5438\u6c34\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8868\u9762\u63a5\u679d\u542b\u6c1f\u805a\u5408\u7269<\/span>86<\/sup><\/span>\u6216\u8005\u5728\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u6210\u5177\u6709\u8377\u53f6\u7ed3\u6784\u8d85\u758f\u6c34\u5c42<\/span>87<\/sup><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>4. <\/span>\u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/h1>\n

1\u3001 <\/span>\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5438\u6c34\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u662f\u4e0e\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u63a5\u89e6<\/span>–<\/span>\u6c22\u952e\u7ed3\u5408<\/span>–<\/span>\u5851\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u5438\u6c34\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0e\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u63a5\u89e6\uff08\u5982\u8868\u9762\u6539\u6027\uff09\u3001\u6c22\u952e\u7ed3\u5408\uff08\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u915a\u7c7b\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff09\u6216\u5851\u5316\uff08\u5982\u5171\u6df7\u548c\u65e0\u673a\u7eb3\u7c73\u590d\u5408\uff09\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u8003\u8651\u3002\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd8\u80fd\u60f3\u51fa\u6bd4\u4e0a\u6587\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2\u3001 <\/span>\u5404\u7c7b\u6539\u6027\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5c3c\u9f99<\/span>6\/66<\/span>\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u5438\u6c34\u884c\u4e3a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>5. <\/span>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/h1>\n

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2. Boyer, R. F.; Spencer, R. S.; Wiley, R. M., Use of density-gradient tube in the study of high polymers. Journal of Polymer Science <\/em>1946,<\/strong> 1, (4), 249-258.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Hinrichsen, G., The role of water in polyamides. Colloid & Polymer Science <\/em>1978,<\/strong> 256, (1), 9-14.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. Williams, M. L.; Bender, M. F., Extension of Unoriented Nylon 66 Filaments. III. Superposition of Data. Journal of Applied Physics <\/em>1965,<\/strong> 36, (10), 3044-3049.<\/span><\/p>\n

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6. Bankar, V. G.; Spruiell, J. E.; White, J. L., Melt spinning of nylon 6: Structure development and mechanical properties of as-spun filaments. Journal of Applied Polymer Science <\/em>1977,<\/strong> 21, (9), 2341-2358.<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/p>\n

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